Developing Critical Reading Skills - Brossura

Spears, Deanne

Brossura

ISBN 10: 007298290X ISBN 13: 9780072982909

Casa editrice: McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 2005

Riassunto

Designed for reading courses at the intermediate and advanced level, Developing Critical Reading Skills uses practice prose similar to the kind that students will encounter in the classroom, encouraging them to analyze, interpret, question, and even challenge the words of the writer. The seventh edition continues to feature a wide range of interesting and diverse selections, excellent coverage of critical reading skills, and a concluding section on reading short stories. It now also includes coverage of reading textbooks and interpreting visuals.

Su questo libro

L'autore:

After receiving a B.A. and an M.A. in Comparative Literature from the University of Southern California, Deanne Milan worked for a management consultant firm as a junior editor. A few months of delivery mail, typing, and correcting the consultants' grammar convinced her that a business business career was not for her. She found a part-time job teaching at Los Angeles Valley College, taught for a while at Rio Hondo Community College, and in 1968 joined the English Department at City College of San Francisco. She has done postgraduate work at San Francisco State University, studying logic, anthropology and literature. At City College of San Francisco she teaches reading, composition, and computer courses. In addition to DEVELOPING READING SKILLS, 5/e, she is the author of an intermediate reading book, IMPROVING READING SKILLS (3/e) published by McGraw-Hill. She recently married a fellow English teacher, David Spears.

Contenuti:

*New to this edition

Introduction

An Overview of the Text and the Reading Process

Defining the Reading Process

Beyond Decoding--The Requirements of Reading

Becoming a First-Rate Reader

*The Characteristics of Good Readers

*Types of Texts You Will Read in College

*How to Read This Textbook (and Other Textbooks)

Reading with a Pencil

Improving Your Vocabulary

Vocabulary in Perspective

*Daily Reading and Vocabulary Improvement

Suggestions for Vocabulary Improvement

Using the Dictionary

Using Context Clues

PART 1: Reading for Understanding: Practice in Basic Comprehension Skills

1: Reading for the Main Idea and Author's Purpose

The Main Idea of the Paragraph

Main Idea and Controlling Idea

Placement of the Main Idea

Implied Main Ideas

Levels of Support

The Author's Purpose and Modes of Discourse

Narration

Description

Exposition

Persuasion

Mixed Modes of Discourse

Chapter Exercises

E.D. Hirsch, Jr. from Cultural Literacy: What Every American Needs to Know

Eric Schlosser from Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the All-American Meal

*Scott Turow "To Kill or Not to Kill"

Practice Essay

Laura Hillenbrand from Seabiscuit: An American Legend

On the Web

2: Reading between the Lines: Making Accurate Inferences

Facts and Inferences

*Inferences Defined

Problems with Inferences

Using Evidence to Make Inferences

Making Open-Ended Inferences

*Making Inferences with Visual Material

*Political Cartoons

*Graphs and Charts

Chapter Exercises

Jan Yoors from The Gypsies

*Peter Bernstein from The Power of Gold: The History of an Obsession

Diane Ackerman from A Natural History of the Senses

Practice Essay

*Conrad Phillip Kottak "Potlatching," from Anthropology: An Exploration of Human Diversity

On the Web

PART 2: Discovering Meaning: The Importance of Form

3: Four Methods of Paragraph Development

Modes of Discourse and Methods of Development Compared

Methods of Paragraph Development

Facts and Statistics

Examples and Illustration

*Illustration in Textbooks

Process

Comparison and Contrast

*Comparison and Contrast in Textbooks

Combination of Methods

Conclusion: Methods of Development and Patterns of Thought

Chapter Exercises

*Paul W. Ewald from Plague Time

Daniel Duane from Caught Inside: A Surfer’s Year on the California Coast

Suketu Mehta "Mumbai: A Lover’s Embrace"

Practice Essay

Rose Del Castillo Guilbault "Book of Dreams: The Sears Roebuck Catalog"

In the Bookstore

4. Four More Methods of Paragraph Development

Methods of Paragraph Development: The Second Group

Cause and Effect

*Cause and Effect in Visual Material

Classification and Analysis

*Analysis in Textbooks

Definition

*Definition in Textbooks

Analogy

Combination of Methods

Conclusion: Methods of Development and Patterns of Thought

Chapter Exercises

James E. Rosenbaum "It's Time to Tell the Kids: If Your Don't Do Well in High School, You Won't Do Well in College (or on the Job)"

Mark Schapiro "Muddy Waters"

*Paul Ewald from Plague Time

Practice Essay

Pico Iyer "In Praise of the Humble Comma"

On the Web

5. Patterns of Paragraph Organization

Patterns of Organization Defined

Chronological Order

Spatial Order

Deductive Order

Inductive Order

Coherence in Paragraphs

Transitions

Repetition of Key Words and Phrases

Chapter Exercises

*Sandra Mackey from The Saudis: Inside the Desert Kingdom

David Quammers "Planet of Weeds"

*Tom Bissell "A Comet’s Tale"

Practice Essay

Castle Freeman, Jr. "Surviving Deer Season: A Lesson in Ambiguity"

On the Web

PART 3. Discovering Meaning: The Importance of Language

6. Language and Its Effects on the Reader

Denotation and Connotation

Connotation and Synonyms

*Connotation and Levels of Language

Connotative Restrictions

*How Denotation and Connotation Work Together

Connotation in Fiction

Figurative Language

Metaphors and Similes

Uses of Metaphors and Similes

Playful Aspects of Figurative Language

Personification

Language Misused and Abused

Clichés

*Code Words

Doublespeak

Euphemisms

Jargon

Politically Correct Language

Sneer Words

Chapter Exercises

*Mark Edmundson from Teacher: The One Who Made the Difference

*Mark Abley from Beyond Forget: Rediscovering the Prairies

Margaret Atwood "The View from the Backyard"

Practice Essay

Virginia Woolf "The Death of the Moth"

In the Bookstore and At the Movies

7. Tone, Point of View, and Allusion

Point of View

An Overview of Tone

Common Varieties of Tone

Tone in Textbooks

*Tone in Fiction

Tone in Nonfiction Prose

*A Special Case: Sentimentality

Tone Continued: More Difficult Varieties

Wit

Irony

Sarcasm

Cynicism

Satire

Allusion

Special Effects

Understatement

Hyperbole

Alliteration

Repetition for Effect

Unusual Sentence Structure

Chapter Exercises

Ian Frazier from On the Rez

Sissela Bok from Secrets: On the Ethics of Concealment and Revelation

Gerald Durrell "The Life and Death of Cholmondeley"

Practice Essay

*Kurt Wiesenfeld "Making the Grade"

On the Web

PART 4. Reading Critically

8. Elements of Critical Reading

Critical Reading Defined

The Reader’s Responsibilities

Developing a Worldview

*Two World Maps—Two Worldviews

The Structure of Arguments

The Test of a Good Argument

Taking Arguments Apart

The Question of Authority

Identifying Claims

Identifying Claims in Editorials

Unstated Assumptions

The Importance of Definition in Arguments

*Analyzing Visual Images

*Charts and Graphs

*Photographs

On the Web

Evaluating Evidence

The Refutation

Chapter Exercises: Evaluating Editorials

*Jeff Jacoby "Fishing for Sport Is Cruel, Inhumane"

*David Orr "The Speed of Sound"

*Arthur Levine "College—More Than Serving Time"

*Cynthia Tucker "Our Opinion: Marriage Needs Straight Talk"

*Brent Staples "Treat the Epidemic Behind Bars Before It Hits the Streets"

9. Evaluating Arguments: Problems in Critical Reading

Inductive and Deductive Reasoning

Inductive Reasoning

Deductive Reasoning

Problems with Inductive Reasoning

Hasty Generalizations and Stereotyping

Incorrect Sampling

Problems with Deductive Reasoning

Emotional Appeals in Arguments

Appeal to Authority

Appeal to Fear

Appeal to Patriotism

Appeal to Pity or Sympathy

Appeal to Prejudice

Appeal to Tradition

Bandwagon Appeal

Flattery

Just Plain Folks

Ridicule

Testimonial

Transfer

Logical Fallacies: Part I

Ad Hominem Argument

Begging the Question

Cause-Effect Fallacies

*Post Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc

Either-Or Fallacy

Evasion

Logical Fallacies: Part 2

False Analogy

Oversimplification

Rationalization

Red Herring

Slippery Slope

Two Wrongs Make a Right

*Appeals and Fallacies in Advertising

*Political Cartoons

Bias and Other Deceptive Techniques

*Bias

Misuse of Authority

Slanting

Distortion

Chapter Exercises

*Norman Solomon "News Flash!"

*Elayne Rapping from The Looking Glass World of Nonfiction TV

*Joel Best "Mutant Statistics"

10. Analyzing Web Sites

Reading Online versus Reading Print

Search Engines

Assessing Web Sites

*The Anatomy of a Web Site

Web Sites for Critical Reading Skills

Web Sites for Online Reading

*How Others See Us--Foreign News Sources

PART 5. Reading Essays and Articles

Introduction to Reading Essays ...

Su questa edizione

• Editore: McGraw-Hill Higher Education
• Data di pubblicazione: 2005
• ISBN 10: 007298290X
• ISBN 13: 9780072982909
• Rilegatura: Copertina flessibile
• Numero di pagine: 576