Articoli correlati a The American library of useful knowledge Volume 4
Sinossi
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1832 Excerpt: ...by air. Again, suppose the piston further elevated, so that the space below it shall amount to three cubic inches; the air will still further expand, and will spread itself through every part of the increased space; and the same effect would continue to be produced, to whatever extent the space might be increased through which the air is at liberty to circulate. This quality of expanding, as the surrounding limits are enlarged, has caused air, and every body existing in that state which gives it the like property, to be called an elastic fluid; and, in contradistinction to this, liquids whose particles do not repel each other, so as to produce the same effect, are called inelastic fluids. Thus the mechanical theory of inelastic fluids forms the subject of Hydrostatics, and that of elastic fluids the subject of Pneumatics. As water, the most common of liquids, is taken as the type or example of all others, the name Hydrostatics is taken from two Greek words, signifying water and equilibrium. In like manner, air being selected as the most familiar example of all elastic fluids, the name Pneumatics is borrowed from a Greek word signifying air, or breath. (122.) The qualities depending on the aeriJb form state cannot properly be taken as the basis of the classification 6f the species of bodies, because, by the agency of heat, all bodies may be reduced to this state; and although in every instance the question has not been brought to the actual test of experiment, yet there are the strongest analogies in support of the conclusion, that all aeriform bodies, including the atmosphere itself, are capable of being reduced to the liquid, and even to the solid form. We are, therefore, to regard the properties investigated in the three branches of physical science respe...
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