This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1872 Excerpt: ...projectile. Projectiles cannot in practice be made absolutely and uniformly true as to concentricity, weight, and form, and any departure from absolute truth in these points is attended in a ball fired from a smooth-bore piece with a corresponding loss of accuracy. But if a fixed rotatory movement be communicated to that ball, the uncertain rotation due to the position of the centre of gravity will disappear, and with it one source of error; while the inaccuracy due to any irregularities of form and surface will be greatly diminished in consequence of the pressure of the air being more equally distributed around the projectile, the position of which in reference to this air is constantly changing. So that when a spherical ball is fired from a rifled piece, we get at once greater accuracy, and this is an advantage which belongs to rifling, whether elongated projectiles be employed or not. But rifling is more valuable as rendering possible the use of elongated projectiles, with all the advantages which flow from their employment. Why cannot elongated projectiles be fired from smooth-bore guns? Because of the pressure of the air acting upon them unequally, and causing them to turn over in flight. "If the centre of gravity of the projectiles be very far forward, it is possible," says LieutenantColonel Owen, in his admirable "Modern Artillery," "to fire them from smooth-bore guns at short ranges." But this is the only case in which an elongated projectile could be fired without rotation; unless, indeed, we could suppose a shot fired in a vacuum, in which case, as there would be no air to press upon it, it would not turn over. If rapid rotation be established upon the longer axis of the projectile, the velocity of rotation will more ...
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