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Excerpt from The Permanent Court of International Justice
All the work for the organisation of the world has revolved around two different poles, namely, community of interests and conflict of interests. This has tended, on the one hand, to the furtherance of common interests, and, on the other, to the prevention or avoidance of threatened conflicts when the interests of one country ran counter to those of another. The work in the former direction had its effect in the creation of a widespread network of administrative organisations covering all, or as many as possible, of the civilised countries. Such organisations included the Postal and Telegraph Unions, the Agricultural Institute at Rome, International Railway Conventions, the network of treaties concerning patents, copyrights, and trade marks. The work for the avoidance of war crystallised in international agreements for judicial settlement of international disputes, or for impartial investigation and attempts at conciliation. The synthesis of these efforts was constituted by the Conventions for the pacific settlement of international disputes, which were concluded at what are known as the two Peace Conferences held at The Hague in 1899 and 1907.
When the war came, it involved among others the two big Anglo-Saxon nations who maintain the legal doctrine that war dissolves international agreements between belligerents; thus, the development of the organisation of the world along administrative lines was interrupted, although the peace treaties tended to bind together the threads uniting the Past with the Future - threads torn asunder by the war; the war itself, especially in view of the events which surrounded its origin, was a challenge to the methods for the avoidance of war which had hitherto been practised, and a denial of the agreements which, in this respect, had been concluded.
If, in these circumstances, the efforts of the nations of the world were once more to be united and directed towards a common end, instead of being turned towards conflict of national interests, endeavours would have to be made on fresh lines.
The Fundamental Ideas of the League of Nations.
Such lines were found in the conception of a League of Nations or States. In this conception there were welded together the ideas of a world organisation for the furtherance of common interests and for the avoidance of conflicts. This was possible because, at the bottom of both was the idea of the interdependence of States. This interdependence, of course, grows as long as peaceful conditions prevail, and the maintenance of Peace is made easier by the existence of interdependence, since interdependence makes Peace a predominant interest to any State: further, interdependence makes it possible to create an efficient system of sanctions for violations of international obligations concerning the maintenance of Peace, a system, however, that can only be applied by an organisation of States that is practically universal, and thus able to control the working of the interdependence. This organisation is the League of Nations, and the sanctions are its economic weapon.
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This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
All the work for the organisation of the world has revolved around two different poles, namely, community of interests and conflict of interests. This has tended, on the one hand, to the furtherance of common interests, and, on the other, to the prevention or avoidance of threatened conflicts when the interests of one country ran counter to those of another. The work in the former direction had its effect in the creation of a widespread network of administrative organisations covering all, or as many as possible, of the civilised countries. Such organisations included the Postal and Telegraph Unions, the Agricultural Institute at Rome, International Railway Conventions, the network of treaties concerning patents, copyrights, and trade marks. The work for the avoidance of war crystallised in international agreements for judicial settlement of international disputes, or for impartial investigation and attempts at conciliation. The synthesis of these efforts was constituted by the Conventions for the pacific settlement of international disputes, which were concluded at what are known as the two Peace Conferences held at The Hague in 1899 and 1907.
When the war came, it involved among others the two big Anglo-Saxon nations who maintain the legal doctrine that war dissolves international agreements between belligerents; thus, the development of the organisation of the world along administrative lines was interrupted, although the peace treaties tended to bind together the threads uniting the Past with the Future - threads torn asunder by the war; the war itself, especially in view of the events which surrounded its origin, was a challenge to the methods for the avoidance of war which had hitherto been practised, and a denial of the agreements which, in this respect, had been concluded.
If, in these circumstances, the efforts of the nations of the world were once more to be united and directed towards a common end, instead of being turned towards conflict of national interests, endeavours would have to be made on fresh lines.
The Fundamental Ideas of the League of Nations.
Such lines were found in the conception of a League of Nations or States. In this conception there were welded together the ideas of a world organisation for the furtherance of common interests and for the avoidance of conflicts. This was possible because, at the bottom of both was the idea of the interdependence of States. This interdependence, of course, grows as long as peaceful conditions prevail, and the maintenance of Peace is made easier by the existence of interdependence, since interdependence makes Peace a predominant interest to any State: further, interdependence makes it possible to create an efficient system of sanctions for violations of international obligations concerning the maintenance of Peace, a system, however, that can only be applied by an organisation of States that is practically universal, and thus able to control the working of the interdependence. This organisation is the League of Nations, and the sanctions are its economic weapon.
About the Publisher
Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com
This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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Excerpt from The Permanent Court of International Justice
The main features of the draft scheme prepared by the Committee were: The Court should consist of eleven to fifteen judges and four to six deputy-judges. They were to be elected by the concurrent vote of the Council and the Assembly of the League from a list composed as follows: Each group of members, appointed by one and the same State, of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, should, after hearing the most competent bodies and authorities of that country, propose two candidates for election. These candidates were to be chosen regardless of nationality, and should form a general list from which the elections should be made. The scheme provided for means of avoiding possible deadlocks, and in particular for a joint Conference of Members of the Council and of the Assembly.
The Court was to have its seat at the Hague, where the President and the Registrar of the Court were always to reside. It should have its ordinary sessions during the summer months. Extraordinary meetings were provided for, and, when the Court was not sitting, a delegation or chamber should always be available for deciding matters by summary procedure. In any case, judges of the nationality of the parties should retain their seats, and, failing such judges, parties would have the right to appoint national iudges for the time being. The position of a judge should be incompatible with the holding of a post connected with the political direction of any State. Moreover, a certain number of cases were foreseen in which judges would have to give up their places for special reasons. The judges were to receive an annual salary, and the President was, in addition, to receive a special grant.
About the Publisher
Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com
This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
The main features of the draft scheme prepared by the Committee were: The Court should consist of eleven to fifteen judges and four to six deputy-judges. They were to be elected by the concurrent vote of the Council and the Assembly of the League from a list composed as follows: Each group of members, appointed by one and the same State, of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, should, after hearing the most competent bodies and authorities of that country, propose two candidates for election. These candidates were to be chosen regardless of nationality, and should form a general list from which the elections should be made. The scheme provided for means of avoiding possible deadlocks, and in particular for a joint Conference of Members of the Council and of the Assembly.
The Court was to have its seat at the Hague, where the President and the Registrar of the Court were always to reside. It should have its ordinary sessions during the summer months. Extraordinary meetings were provided for, and, when the Court was not sitting, a delegation or chamber should always be available for deciding matters by summary procedure. In any case, judges of the nationality of the parties should retain their seats, and, failing such judges, parties would have the right to appoint national iudges for the time being. The position of a judge should be incompatible with the holding of a post connected with the political direction of any State. Moreover, a certain number of cases were foreseen in which judges would have to give up their places for special reasons. The judges were to receive an annual salary, and the President was, in addition, to receive a special grant.
About the Publisher
Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com
This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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- EditoreLULU PR
- Data di pubblicazione2018
- ISBN 10 1330907523
- ISBN 13 9781330907528
- RilegaturaCopertina flessibile
- Numero di pagine26
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Descrizione libro Paperback. Condizione: New. Print on Demand. Excerpt from The Permanent Court of International Justice. About the Publisher, Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works. This text has been digitally restored from a historical edition. Some errors may persist, however we consider it worth publishing due to the work's historical value. The digital edition of all books may be viewed on our website before purchase. print-on-demand item. Codice articolo 9781330907528_0
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