Nutrition, Immunity, and Infection: Mechanisms of Interactions - Brossura

Chandra, R. K. K.; Newberne, P. M.

Brossura

ISBN 10: 1468407864 ISBN 13: 9781468407860

Casa editrice: Springer, 2012

Riassunto

I welcome the privilege of writing some words of introduction to this important book. Its authors have been courageous in bringing together in one text a triad of topics that cover such large tracts of biomedical sciences as epidemiology, biochemistry, immunology, and clinical medicine. Malnutrition and infection are known to be closely linked, the one promoting the other. The adaptive immune system forms a part of the link since it is responsible for a good deal of defense against infection, and it may be affected adversely by malnutrition and indeed by infection itself. Knowledge in this complex field is of great potential importance because malnutri­ tion and infection are such dominant features of the ill-health of many of the world's underprivileged people. As this book shows, there is no lack of technical facets for study. There are now so many components of the immune response which can be measured or assessed and so many aspects of nutritional biochemistry which can be studied that the problem is to select what to study and where to begin. Moreover, the great number of variables in the nature of nutritional deficiencies, in types of infections or multiple infections and in the genetic, environmental, and social background of the affected people, all combine to make interpretation and application of findings a speculative business. Descriptions of cause and effect must us­ ually be provisional rather than definitive.

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Contenuti

1. Introduction.- 2. Mechanisms of Host Defense.- 2.1. Ontogenetic Development of Antigen-Specific Immunity.- 2.1.1. Thymus-Dependent Cell-Mediated Immunity.- 2.1.2. Immunoglobulins and Antibodies.- 2.2. Phagocytes.- 2.2.1. Monocytic Phagocyte.- 2.3. Complement System.- 2.4. Other Factors of Host Resistance.- 2.5. Concluding Remarks.- 3. Assessment of Nutritional Status.- 3.1. Energy-Protein Undernutrition.- 3.2. Vitamin and Mineral Deficiencies.- 3.3. Fetal Malnutrition.- 3.4. Concluding Remarks.- 4. Infections in Undernourished Individuals.- 5. Nutritional, Metabolic, and Immunologic Effects of Infection.- 5.1. Nutritional Consequences of Infection.- 5.1.1. Proteins.- 5.1.2. Carbohydrates.- 5.1.3. Lipids.- 5.1.4. Minerals and Electrolytes.- 5.1.5. Vitamins.- 5.2. Metabolic and Hormonal Responses during Infection.- 5.3. Immune Responses in Infection.- 5.3.1. Cell-Mediated Immunity.- 5.3.2. Immunoglobulins and Antibodies.- 5.3.3. Phagocytes.- 6. Immunocompetence in Undernutrition.- 6.1. Lymphoid Tissues.- 6.1.1. Thymus.- 6.1.2. Lymph Nodes.- 6.1.3. Spleen.- 6.1.4. Gut-Associated Lymphoid Aggregates.- 6.1.5. Pathogenesis.- 6.2. Cell-Mediated Immunity.- 6.2.1. Leukocyte Counts.- 6.2.2. Lymphocyte Subpopulations.- 6.2.3. Delayed Hypersensitivity.- 6.2.4. Lymphocyte Proliferation.- 6.2.5. Methodological and Pathogenetic Considerations.- 6.3. Immunoglobulins and Antibodies.- 6.3.1. ?-Globulin Concentration and Metabolism.- 6.3.2. Immunoglobulin Levels and Turnover.- 6.3.3. Serum Antibody Response.- 6.3.4. Secretory Antibody Response.- 6.4. Complement System.- 6.5. Phagocytes.- 6.5.1. Number and Morphology.- 6.5.2. Mobilization.- 6.5.3. Chemotaxis and Inflammatory Response.- 6.5.4. Metabolism.- 6.5.5. Opsonization, Phagocytosis, and Bactericidal Capacity.- 6.6. Lysozyme.- 6.7. Iron-Binding Proteins.- 6.8. Tissue Integrity.- 6.9. Interferon.- 6.10. Other Factors.- 6.10.1. Gut Microflora.- 6.10.2. Hormones.- 6.10.3. Miscellaneous.- 7. Interactions of Nutrition, Infection, and Immune Response in Animals.- 7.1. General Considerations.- 7.1.1. Introduction.- 7.1.2. Species Variations in Dietary Needs.- 7.1.3. Synergism and Antagonism.- 7.2. Nutrition-Infection Interactions.- 7.2.1. Protein.- 7.2.2. Fat.- 7.2.3. Carbohydrates.- 7.2.4. Vitamins.- 7.2.5. Calories.- 7.2.6. Minerals.- 7.2.7. Effects of Excessive Nutrition.- 7.2.8. Vitamin A.- 7.3. Summary.- 8. Biological Implications.- 8.1. Infection-Related Morbidity and Mortality.- 8.2. Postoperative Sepsis.- 8.3. Parenteral Hyperalimentation and Infection.- 8.4. Intergenerational Effects of Undernutrition, Impaired Immunocompetence, and Infection.- 8.5. Nutritional Deficiency, Immunopathologic Disease, and Aging.- 8.6. Cancer.- 8.7. Autoimmunity and Allergy.- 8.8. Food Antibodies.- 8.9. Prophylactic Immunization.- 8.10. Immunopotentiation in Management of Malnutrition-Infection Syndrome.- 8.11. Obesity.- 9. Future Research Needs.- References.

Dettagli dell'edizione

• Editore: Springer
• Data di pubblicazione: 2012
• Lingua: Inglese
• ISBN 10: 1468407864
• ISBN 13: 9781468407860
• Rilegatura: Copertina flessibile
• Numero di pagine: 268
• Contatto del produttore: non disponibile
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