Articoli correlati a Official Abap Programming Guidelines
How do I select the appropriate program type? Where should the local declarations of a procedure be positioned? Am I supposed to immediately replace all obsolete language elements in existing code? Should I use procedural or object-oriented ABAP? The official ABAP programming guidelines provide clarity and security by answering these questions, and many more that may arise in your daily work.
Readers learn the general principles that should be taken into account when you create new programs and classes and find the answers to your questions on style, including naming, commentation, and structure of programs and procedures. Plus, explore guidelines on individual aspects of architecture, such as object orientation, error handling, user interfaces, data storage, and much more. With this book you'll be able to ensure your ABAP programs run predictably with no surprises by gaining in-depth knowledge on data types and data objects, calculations and accesses, internal tables, and more.
That's just for starters! Explore volumes of practical tips and expert insights throughout the book, as well as examples of good and bad ABAP programming, to help you adopt effective working techniques and principles.
Readers learn the general principles that should be taken into account when you create new programs and classes and find the answers to your questions on style, including naming, commentation, and structure of programs and procedures. Plus, explore guidelines on individual aspects of architecture, such as object orientation, error handling, user interfaces, data storage, and much more. With this book you'll be able to ensure your ABAP programs run predictably with no surprises by gaining in-depth knowledge on data types and data objects, calculations and accesses, internal tables, and more.
That's just for starters! Explore volumes of practical tips and expert insights throughout the book, as well as examples of good and bad ABAP programming, to help you adopt effective working techniques and principles.
Le informazioni nella sezione "Riassunto" possono far riferimento a edizioni diverse di questo titolo.
L'autore:
Dr. Horst Keller works in the NetWeaver Developer Tools ABAP group at SAP. As Knowledge Architect he is responsible for documentation and roll-out relating to ABAP and ABAP Objects. He also oversees the programs for preparing and presenting the ABAP documentation including the relating search algorithms.
Contenuti:
* ... Foreword ... 13
* ... Acknowledgments ... 15
* 1 ... Introduction ... 17
* 1.1 ... What Are Programming Guidelines ... 17
* 1.2 ... Why Programming Guidelines ... 18
* 1.3 ... Which Guidelines Are Involved Here ... 18
* 1.4 ... Target Audience ... 19
* 1.5 ... How to Use This Book ... 20
* 2 ... General Basic Rules ... 23
* 2.1 ... Separation of Concerns ... 23
* 2.2 ... KISS Principle ... 32
* 2.3 ... Correctness and Quality ... 34
* 3 ... ABAP-Specific Basic Rules ... 41
* 3.1 ... ABAP Objects as a Programming Model ... 41
* 3.2 ... Program Type and Program Attributes ... 50
* 3.2.1 ... Program Type ... 51
* 3.2.2 ... Program Attributes ... 55
* 3.2.3 ... Original Language ... 60
* 3.3 ... Modern ABAP ... 62
* 3.4 ... Checks for Correctness ... 65
* 3.4.1 ... Syntax Check ... 65
* 3.4.2 ... Extended Program Check ... 69
* 3.4.3 ... Code Inspector ... 72
* 3.4.4 ... ABAP Test Cockpit ... 76
* 4 ... Structure and Style ... 79
* 4.1 ... Source Code Formatting ... 80
* 4.1.1 ... Case Sensitivity ... 80
* 4.1.2 ... Statements per Program Line ... 84
* 4.1.3 ... Using the Pretty Printer ... 86
* 4.1.4 ... Line Width ... 89
* 4.2 ... Naming ... 91
* 4.2.1 ... Selecting the Language ... 92
* 4.2.2 ... Descriptive Names ... 94
* 4.2.3 ... Names of Repository Objects ... 101
* 4.2.4 ... Program-Internal Names ... 106
* 4.3 ... Comments ... 115
* 4.3.1 ... Selecting the Language ... 115
* 4.3.2 ... Content ... 117
* 4.3.3 ... Arrangement in the Source Code ... 120
* 4.4 ... Program and Procedure Structure ... 123
* 4.4.1 ... Global Declarations of a Program ... 124
* 4.4.2 ... Local Declarations ... 127
* 4.5 ... Source Code Organization ... 130
* 4.5.1 ... Source Code Modularization ... 130
* 4.5.2 ... Multiple Use of Include Programs ... 132
* 4.6 ... Alternative Notations ... 135
* 4.6.1 ... Alternative Language Constructs in Statements ... 135
* 4.6.2 ... Chained Statements ... 137
* 4.6.3 ... Method Calls ... 141
* 4.6.4 ... Assignments and Calculations ... 143
* 4.6.5 ... Calculation Expressions ... 145
* 4.7 ... Complexity ... 146
* 4.7.1 ... Expressions ... 147
* 4.7.2 ... Nesting Depth ... 149
* 4.7.3 ... Procedure Volume ... 150
* 4.7.4 ... Class Size ... 151
* 4.7.5 ... Dead Code ... 153
* 5 ... Architecture ... 155
* 5.1 ... Object-Oriented Programming ... 155
* 5.1.1 ... Encapsulation ... 156
* 5.1.2 ... Modularization ... 157
* 5.1.3 ... Static Classes and Singletons ... 161
* 5.1.4 ... Inheritance ... 166
* 5.1.5 ... Class References and Interface References ... 167
* 5.1.6 ... Local Types for Global Classes ... 169
* 5.1.7 ... Instance Constructor ... 171
* 5.2 ... Error Handling ... 172
* 5.2.1 ... Reaction to Error Situations ... 172
* 5.2.2 ... Classical and Class-Based Exceptions ... 174
* 5.2.3 ... Exception Categories ... 178
* 5.2.4 ... Exception Texts ... 180
* 5.2.5 ... Using Exception Classes ... 183
* 5.2.6 ... Handling and Propagating Exceptions ... 185
* 5.2.7 ... Cleanup After Exceptions ... 186
* 5.2.8 ... Catchable Runtime Errors ... 188
* 5.2.9 ... Assertions ... 190
* 5.2.10 ... Messages ... 191
* 5.3 ... User Interfaces ... 195
* 5.3.1 ... Selecting the User Interface Technology ... 195
* 5.3.2 ... Encapsulating Classical User Interfaces ... 199
* 5.3.3 ... Lists ... 204
* 5.3.4 ... Accessibility ... 207
* 5.4 ... Data Storage ... 208
* 5.4.1 ... Persistent Data Storage ... 208
* 5.4.2 ... Database Accesses ... 210
* 5.4.3 ... Client Handling ... 211
* 5.4.4 ... Using the Shared Memory ... 213
* 6 ... Secure and Robust ABAP ... 217
* 6.1 ... Data Types and Data Objects ... 217
* 6.1.1 ... Bound and Standalone Data Types ... 218
* 6.1.2 ... Declaration of Data Types and Constants ... 220
* 6.1.3 ... Declaration of Variables ... 224
* 6.1.4 ... Including Structures ... 226
* 6.1.5 ... Using Types ... 228
* 6.1.6 ... Referring to Data Types or Data Objects ... 230
* 6.1.7 ... Table Work Areas ... 232
* 6.1.8 ... Literals ... 233
* 6.1.9 ... Strings ... 236
* 6.1.10 ... Start Values ... 238
* 6.1.11 ... Data Objects for Truth Values ... 239
* 6.2 ... Assignments, Calculations, and Other Accesses to Data ... 241
* 6.2.1 ... Assignments Between Different Types ... 241
* 6.2.2 ... Avoiding Invalid Values ... 243
* 6.2.3 ... Using Conversion Rules ... 245
* 6.2.4 ... Specification of Numbers ... 247
* 6.2.5 ... Selecting the Numeric Type ... 249
* 6.2.6 ... Rounding Errors ... 253
* 6.2.7 ... Division by Zero ... 255
* 6.2.8 ... Casting ... 255
* 6.2.9 ... Runtime Errors When Accessing Data Objects ... 257
* 6.2.10 ... Anonymous Containers ... 259
* 6.2.11 ... Passing Global Data by Reference ... 260
* 6.3 ... System Fields ... 262
* 6.3.1 ... Access ... 262
* 6.3.2 ... Obsolete and Internal System Fields ... 264
* 6.3.3 ... Evaluation ... 265
* 6.3.4 ... Return Value ... 267
* 6.3.5 ... Using System Fields as Actual Parameters ... 268
* 6.3.6 ... Using System Fields on the User Interface ... 270
* 6.3.7 ... Using System Fields in Operand Positions ... 272
* 6.4 ... Internal Tables ... 273
* 6.4.1 ... Selecting the Table Category ... 274
* 6.4.2 ... Secondary Keys ... 276
* 6.4.3 ... Initial Memory Allocation ... 280
* 6.4.4 ... Sorted Filling ... 281
* 6.4.5 ... Aggregated Filling ... 283
* 6.4.6 ... Output Behavior ... 284
* 6.4.7 ... Loop Processing ... 286
* 6.5 ... Modularization Units ... 287
* 6.5.1 ... Function Modules and Subroutines ... 288
* 6.5.2 ... Type of the Formal Parameters of Procedures ... 289
* 6.5.3 ... Transfer Type of Formal Parameters ... 292
* 6.5.4 ... Passing Output Parameters by Reference ... 294
* 6.5.5 ... Typing of Formal Parameters ... 296
* 6.5.6 ... Internal and External Procedure Calls ... 298
* 6.5.7 ... Exiting Procedures ... 302
* 6.5.8 ... Dialog Modules and Event Blocks ... 304
* 6.5.9 ... Macros ... 306
* 6.6 ... Dynamic Programming Techniques ... 309
* 6.6.1 ... Using Dynamic Programming Techniques ... 309
* 6.6.2 ... Runtime Errors During Dynamic Processing ... 311
* 6.6.3 ... Using Dynamic Data Objects ... 313
* 6.6.4 ... Memory Consumption of Dynamic Memory Objects ... 315
* 6.6.5 ... Administration Costs of Dynamic Memory Objects ... 318
* 6.6.6 ... Accessing Data Objects Dynamically ... 321
* 6.6.7 ... Generic Programming ... 324
* 6.7 ... Internationalization ... 329
* 6.7.1 ... Storing System Texts ... 329
* 6.7.2 ... Translation-Friendly Message Texts ... 331
* 6.7.3 ... Text Environment ... 333
* 6.7.4 ... Character Set of Source Code ... 335
* 6.7.5 ... Splitting Texts ... 336
* 6.7.6 ... Codepages for Files ... 337
* A ... Obsolete Language Constructs ... 341
* A.1 ... Procedures ... 342
* ... Subroutines ... 342
* ... ... 342
* A.1.2 ... Table Parameters ... 342
* A.1.3 ... Typing of Formal Parameters ... 343
* A.2 ... Declarations ... 343
* A.2.1 ... Declaring Type Groups ... 343
* A.2.2 ... Interface Work Areas ... 343
* A.2.3 ... Table Work Areas ... 344
* A.2.4 ... Referring to Data Types ... 344
* A.2.5 ... Declaring Field Symbols ... 344
* A.2.6 ... Typing Field Symbols ... 345
* A.2.7 ... Header Lines of Internal Tables ... 345
* A.2.8 ... Declaring Internal Tables ... 345
* A.2.9 ... Ranges Tables ... 346
* A.2.10 ... Addressing Data Objects ... 346
* A.2.11 ... Loading Classes and Interfaces ... 346
* A.3 ... Object Generation ... 347
* A.3.1 ... Anonymous Data Objects ... 347
* A.4 ... Calls and Exits ... 347
* A.4.1 ... Dialog Modules ... 347
* A.4.2 ... Function Module Exit ... 347
* A.4.3 ... External Subroutine Call ... 348
* A.4.4 ... Exiting Programs ... 348
* A.4.5 ... Exception Handling ... 348
* A.5 ... Program Flow Control ... 349
* A.5.1 ... Relational Operators ... 349
* A.5.2 ... Case Distinction ... 349
* A.5.3 ... Checking the Binding to Actual Parameters ... 349
* A.5.4 ... Checking Changes of Data Objects ... 350
* A.5.5 ... Loops for Memory Content ... 350
* A.6 ... Assignments ... 350
* A.6.1 ... Subfield Access ... 350
* A.6.2 ... Converting Packed Numbers ... 351
* A.6.3 ... Initialization ... 351
* A.6.4 ... Temporary Storage of Data Objects ... 351
* A.6.5 ... Casting ... 352
* A.6.6 ... Dynamic Assignment to a Field Symbol ... 352
* A.7 ... Calculation Statements ... 352
* A.7.1 ... Component-Based Calculations ... 352
* A.7.2 ... Calculations with Memory Content ... 353
* A.8 ... Processing Character and Byte Strings ... 353
* A.8.1 ... Searching in Character and Byte Strings ... 353
* A.8.2 ... Replacements in Character and Byte Strings ... 353
* A.8.3 ... Creating the Nine's Complem...
* ... Acknowledgments ... 15
* 1 ... Introduction ... 17
* 1.1 ... What Are Programming Guidelines ... 17
* 1.2 ... Why Programming Guidelines ... 18
* 1.3 ... Which Guidelines Are Involved Here ... 18
* 1.4 ... Target Audience ... 19
* 1.5 ... How to Use This Book ... 20
* 2 ... General Basic Rules ... 23
* 2.1 ... Separation of Concerns ... 23
* 2.2 ... KISS Principle ... 32
* 2.3 ... Correctness and Quality ... 34
* 3 ... ABAP-Specific Basic Rules ... 41
* 3.1 ... ABAP Objects as a Programming Model ... 41
* 3.2 ... Program Type and Program Attributes ... 50
* 3.2.1 ... Program Type ... 51
* 3.2.2 ... Program Attributes ... 55
* 3.2.3 ... Original Language ... 60
* 3.3 ... Modern ABAP ... 62
* 3.4 ... Checks for Correctness ... 65
* 3.4.1 ... Syntax Check ... 65
* 3.4.2 ... Extended Program Check ... 69
* 3.4.3 ... Code Inspector ... 72
* 3.4.4 ... ABAP Test Cockpit ... 76
* 4 ... Structure and Style ... 79
* 4.1 ... Source Code Formatting ... 80
* 4.1.1 ... Case Sensitivity ... 80
* 4.1.2 ... Statements per Program Line ... 84
* 4.1.3 ... Using the Pretty Printer ... 86
* 4.1.4 ... Line Width ... 89
* 4.2 ... Naming ... 91
* 4.2.1 ... Selecting the Language ... 92
* 4.2.2 ... Descriptive Names ... 94
* 4.2.3 ... Names of Repository Objects ... 101
* 4.2.4 ... Program-Internal Names ... 106
* 4.3 ... Comments ... 115
* 4.3.1 ... Selecting the Language ... 115
* 4.3.2 ... Content ... 117
* 4.3.3 ... Arrangement in the Source Code ... 120
* 4.4 ... Program and Procedure Structure ... 123
* 4.4.1 ... Global Declarations of a Program ... 124
* 4.4.2 ... Local Declarations ... 127
* 4.5 ... Source Code Organization ... 130
* 4.5.1 ... Source Code Modularization ... 130
* 4.5.2 ... Multiple Use of Include Programs ... 132
* 4.6 ... Alternative Notations ... 135
* 4.6.1 ... Alternative Language Constructs in Statements ... 135
* 4.6.2 ... Chained Statements ... 137
* 4.6.3 ... Method Calls ... 141
* 4.6.4 ... Assignments and Calculations ... 143
* 4.6.5 ... Calculation Expressions ... 145
* 4.7 ... Complexity ... 146
* 4.7.1 ... Expressions ... 147
* 4.7.2 ... Nesting Depth ... 149
* 4.7.3 ... Procedure Volume ... 150
* 4.7.4 ... Class Size ... 151
* 4.7.5 ... Dead Code ... 153
* 5 ... Architecture ... 155
* 5.1 ... Object-Oriented Programming ... 155
* 5.1.1 ... Encapsulation ... 156
* 5.1.2 ... Modularization ... 157
* 5.1.3 ... Static Classes and Singletons ... 161
* 5.1.4 ... Inheritance ... 166
* 5.1.5 ... Class References and Interface References ... 167
* 5.1.6 ... Local Types for Global Classes ... 169
* 5.1.7 ... Instance Constructor ... 171
* 5.2 ... Error Handling ... 172
* 5.2.1 ... Reaction to Error Situations ... 172
* 5.2.2 ... Classical and Class-Based Exceptions ... 174
* 5.2.3 ... Exception Categories ... 178
* 5.2.4 ... Exception Texts ... 180
* 5.2.5 ... Using Exception Classes ... 183
* 5.2.6 ... Handling and Propagating Exceptions ... 185
* 5.2.7 ... Cleanup After Exceptions ... 186
* 5.2.8 ... Catchable Runtime Errors ... 188
* 5.2.9 ... Assertions ... 190
* 5.2.10 ... Messages ... 191
* 5.3 ... User Interfaces ... 195
* 5.3.1 ... Selecting the User Interface Technology ... 195
* 5.3.2 ... Encapsulating Classical User Interfaces ... 199
* 5.3.3 ... Lists ... 204
* 5.3.4 ... Accessibility ... 207
* 5.4 ... Data Storage ... 208
* 5.4.1 ... Persistent Data Storage ... 208
* 5.4.2 ... Database Accesses ... 210
* 5.4.3 ... Client Handling ... 211
* 5.4.4 ... Using the Shared Memory ... 213
* 6 ... Secure and Robust ABAP ... 217
* 6.1 ... Data Types and Data Objects ... 217
* 6.1.1 ... Bound and Standalone Data Types ... 218
* 6.1.2 ... Declaration of Data Types and Constants ... 220
* 6.1.3 ... Declaration of Variables ... 224
* 6.1.4 ... Including Structures ... 226
* 6.1.5 ... Using Types ... 228
* 6.1.6 ... Referring to Data Types or Data Objects ... 230
* 6.1.7 ... Table Work Areas ... 232
* 6.1.8 ... Literals ... 233
* 6.1.9 ... Strings ... 236
* 6.1.10 ... Start Values ... 238
* 6.1.11 ... Data Objects for Truth Values ... 239
* 6.2 ... Assignments, Calculations, and Other Accesses to Data ... 241
* 6.2.1 ... Assignments Between Different Types ... 241
* 6.2.2 ... Avoiding Invalid Values ... 243
* 6.2.3 ... Using Conversion Rules ... 245
* 6.2.4 ... Specification of Numbers ... 247
* 6.2.5 ... Selecting the Numeric Type ... 249
* 6.2.6 ... Rounding Errors ... 253
* 6.2.7 ... Division by Zero ... 255
* 6.2.8 ... Casting ... 255
* 6.2.9 ... Runtime Errors When Accessing Data Objects ... 257
* 6.2.10 ... Anonymous Containers ... 259
* 6.2.11 ... Passing Global Data by Reference ... 260
* 6.3 ... System Fields ... 262
* 6.3.1 ... Access ... 262
* 6.3.2 ... Obsolete and Internal System Fields ... 264
* 6.3.3 ... Evaluation ... 265
* 6.3.4 ... Return Value ... 267
* 6.3.5 ... Using System Fields as Actual Parameters ... 268
* 6.3.6 ... Using System Fields on the User Interface ... 270
* 6.3.7 ... Using System Fields in Operand Positions ... 272
* 6.4 ... Internal Tables ... 273
* 6.4.1 ... Selecting the Table Category ... 274
* 6.4.2 ... Secondary Keys ... 276
* 6.4.3 ... Initial Memory Allocation ... 280
* 6.4.4 ... Sorted Filling ... 281
* 6.4.5 ... Aggregated Filling ... 283
* 6.4.6 ... Output Behavior ... 284
* 6.4.7 ... Loop Processing ... 286
* 6.5 ... Modularization Units ... 287
* 6.5.1 ... Function Modules and Subroutines ... 288
* 6.5.2 ... Type of the Formal Parameters of Procedures ... 289
* 6.5.3 ... Transfer Type of Formal Parameters ... 292
* 6.5.4 ... Passing Output Parameters by Reference ... 294
* 6.5.5 ... Typing of Formal Parameters ... 296
* 6.5.6 ... Internal and External Procedure Calls ... 298
* 6.5.7 ... Exiting Procedures ... 302
* 6.5.8 ... Dialog Modules and Event Blocks ... 304
* 6.5.9 ... Macros ... 306
* 6.6 ... Dynamic Programming Techniques ... 309
* 6.6.1 ... Using Dynamic Programming Techniques ... 309
* 6.6.2 ... Runtime Errors During Dynamic Processing ... 311
* 6.6.3 ... Using Dynamic Data Objects ... 313
* 6.6.4 ... Memory Consumption of Dynamic Memory Objects ... 315
* 6.6.5 ... Administration Costs of Dynamic Memory Objects ... 318
* 6.6.6 ... Accessing Data Objects Dynamically ... 321
* 6.6.7 ... Generic Programming ... 324
* 6.7 ... Internationalization ... 329
* 6.7.1 ... Storing System Texts ... 329
* 6.7.2 ... Translation-Friendly Message Texts ... 331
* 6.7.3 ... Text Environment ... 333
* 6.7.4 ... Character Set of Source Code ... 335
* 6.7.5 ... Splitting Texts ... 336
* 6.7.6 ... Codepages for Files ... 337
* A ... Obsolete Language Constructs ... 341
* A.1 ... Procedures ... 342
* ... Subroutines ... 342
* ... ... 342
* A.1.2 ... Table Parameters ... 342
* A.1.3 ... Typing of Formal Parameters ... 343
* A.2 ... Declarations ... 343
* A.2.1 ... Declaring Type Groups ... 343
* A.2.2 ... Interface Work Areas ... 343
* A.2.3 ... Table Work Areas ... 344
* A.2.4 ... Referring to Data Types ... 344
* A.2.5 ... Declaring Field Symbols ... 344
* A.2.6 ... Typing Field Symbols ... 345
* A.2.7 ... Header Lines of Internal Tables ... 345
* A.2.8 ... Declaring Internal Tables ... 345
* A.2.9 ... Ranges Tables ... 346
* A.2.10 ... Addressing Data Objects ... 346
* A.2.11 ... Loading Classes and Interfaces ... 346
* A.3 ... Object Generation ... 347
* A.3.1 ... Anonymous Data Objects ... 347
* A.4 ... Calls and Exits ... 347
* A.4.1 ... Dialog Modules ... 347
* A.4.2 ... Function Module Exit ... 347
* A.4.3 ... External Subroutine Call ... 348
* A.4.4 ... Exiting Programs ... 348
* A.4.5 ... Exception Handling ... 348
* A.5 ... Program Flow Control ... 349
* A.5.1 ... Relational Operators ... 349
* A.5.2 ... Case Distinction ... 349
* A.5.3 ... Checking the Binding to Actual Parameters ... 349
* A.5.4 ... Checking Changes of Data Objects ... 350
* A.5.5 ... Loops for Memory Content ... 350
* A.6 ... Assignments ... 350
* A.6.1 ... Subfield Access ... 350
* A.6.2 ... Converting Packed Numbers ... 351
* A.6.3 ... Initialization ... 351
* A.6.4 ... Temporary Storage of Data Objects ... 351
* A.6.5 ... Casting ... 352
* A.6.6 ... Dynamic Assignment to a Field Symbol ... 352
* A.7 ... Calculation Statements ... 352
* A.7.1 ... Component-Based Calculations ... 352
* A.7.2 ... Calculations with Memory Content ... 353
* A.8 ... Processing Character and Byte Strings ... 353
* A.8.1 ... Searching in Character and Byte Strings ... 353
* A.8.2 ... Replacements in Character and Byte Strings ... 353
* A.8.3 ... Creating the Nine's Complem...
Le informazioni nella sezione "Su questo libro" possono far riferimento a edizioni diverse di questo titolo.
- EditoreSap Pr America
- Data di pubblicazione2009
- ISBN 10 1592292909
- ISBN 13 9781592292905
- RilegaturaCopertina rigida
- Numero edizione1
- Numero di pagine398
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