The dramatic story of the Frankish king Charlemagne, who changed the course of European history through his violent, bloodthirsty and remorseless forcible conversion of the German people to Christianity.
This classic study documents all of Charles’ historically significant undertakings, including the suppression of the Germanic Lombards in northern Italy, mini-crusades against the Moors in Spain, and wars with the invading Asiatic Avars and their allies in eastern Europe.
It was, however, Charles’ thirty-year war against the Saxon people—a tribe who went on to form the core of what became Germany—which left the most significant imprint upon the history of Europe.
Driven by a relentless fanaticism to convert them to Christianity, Charles persecuted a bloody war against the Saxons, famously ordering in his Capitulatio de partibus Saxoniæ that any Saxon found hiding in order to prevent being baptised as a Christian, be murdered forthwith.
This war of extermination sparked off numerous Saxon rebellions under their leader Widukind, and culminated in the infamous massacre of Verden, where Charlemagne ordered the beheading of 4,500 rebellious Saxons and then “went into winter quarters and there celebrated the birth of our Lord according to his wonted custom.”
In addition, this work reveals that those Saxons who still refused to convert, were deported by the thousands, and their young male children abducted and raised as Christians in Frank-land.
As Einhard, Charlemagne’s contemporaneous biographer wrote, the war against the Saxons was pursued “until they were either subdued and converted to the Christian religion, or annihilated.”
In this way, through the mass murder of non-believers, and the physical destruction of pagan sites such as the Irminsul, or sacred oak tree, all traces of the original Germanic religion were stamped out, and within one generation, Germany had been forcibly converted to Christianity. This remains one of the most significant cultural changes in the heart of Europe, and had ramifications which reverberated throughout history.
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