Liquids and Solids

Michael Sprackling

ISBN 10: 0710204841 / ISBN 13: 9780710204844

Editore: Springer Netherlands, Springer Netherlands Jul 1985, 1985

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Neuware -6. 2 Creeping viscous flow in a semi-infinite channel 140 6. 3 Poiseuille flow in tubes of circular cross-section 144 6. 4 Motion of a Newtonian liquid between two coaxial cylinders 148 151 6. 5 Bodies in liquids 6. 6 liquid flow and intermolecular forces 154 Non-Newtonian liquids 157 6. 7 6. 8 Viscometers 160 Chapter 7 Surface effects 163 7. 1 Introduction 163 7. 2 Excess surface free energy and surface tension of liquids 163 7. 3 The total surface energy of liquids 167 7. 4 Surface tension and intermolecular forces 168 7. 5 Solid surfaces 171 7. 6 Specific surface free energy and the intermolecular potential 172 7. 7 liquid surfaces and the Laplace-Young equation 174 7. 8 liquid spreading 178 7. 9 Young's relation 181 7. 10 Capillary effects 184 7. 11 The sessile drop 187 7. 12 Vapour pressure and liquid-surface curvature 189 7. 13 The measurement of surface free energies 191 Chapter 8 High polymers and liquid crystals 197 8. 1 Introduction 197 8. 2 High polymers 197 8. 3 The mechanisms of polymerisation 198 8. 4 The size and shape of polymer molecules 199 8. 5 The structure of solid polymers 201 8. 6 The glass transition temperature 203 8. 7 Young's modulus of solid polymers 205 Stress-strain curves of polymers 8. 8 206 8. 9 Viscous flow in polymers 209 liquid crystals 8.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 256 pp. Englisch.

Codice articolo 9780710204844

Dati bibliografici

• Titolo: Liquids and Solids
• Editore: Springer Netherlands, Springer Netherlands Jul 1985
• Data di pubblicazione: 1985
• Lingua: Inglese
• ISBN 10: 0710204841
• ISBN 13: 9780710204844
• Rilegatura: Taschenbuch
• Condizione: Neu
• Dimensioni: 203 L x 127 A x 15 P (millimetri) 203 millimetri di larghezza per 127 millimetri di altezza per 15 millimetri di profondità
• Peso: 279 grammi

Descrizione articolo

Riassunto

In this volume the author gives an account of the essential properties of liquids and solids, with particular emphasis on their response to applied forces. Their behaviour is examined both on the large scale, i.e. in terms of quantities that are measured in the laboratory and from the atomic standpoint, and an attempt is made to show how the bulk properties, such as elastic and plastic deformation, viscosity and surface effects, may be related to what the constituent particles are doing, that is to the properties of a large assembly of strongly interacting particles. There is a final chapter on high polymers and liquid crystals. The material covered is at a level appropriate to a first degree course in physics but the book should also be of relevance to engineering and materials science students. The book is amply illustrated and includes worked examples and exercises (with answers) for the student. This book should be of interest to second year undergraduate students taking courses in physics, engineering and mathematics.

Contenuti

1 Condensed phases.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 The three phases of matter.- 1.3 Intermolecular forces.- 1.4 Solids.- 1.5 Liquids.- 2 The elastic properties of matter.- 2.1 Forces and equilibrium in a finite body.- 2.2 Elasticity.- 2.3 Stress.- 2.4 Strain.- 2.5 Infinitesimal strain.- 2.6 The relationship between stress and strain.- 2.7 Moduli of elasticity.- 2.8 The theorem of superposition.- 2.9 The linear, isotropic, elastic solid.- 2.10 Elastic moduli and intermolecular forces.- 2.11 Strain energy.- 2.12 The torsion of a right circular cylinder.- 2.13 Elastic limit and yield stress.- 2.14 The elasticity of liquids.- 3 The deformation and fracture of simple crystals.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Plastic deformation.- 3.3 Plastic deformation by slip.- 3.4 The theoretical critical resolved shear stress.- 3.5 Dislocations.- 3.6 The critical resolved shear stress and work hardening.- 3.7 Brittle fracture.- 3.8 The theoretical brittle strength.- 3.9 Ductile fracture.- 3.10 The plastic deformation of brittle solids.- 4 The liquid phase.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 The tensile strength of liquids.- 4.3 Liquid flow.- 4.4 Coefficient of viscosity.- 4.5 Critical velocity.- 4.6 Fluidity and solidity.- 4.7 Models of simple liquids.- 4.8 Melting.- 4.9 Liquid helium.- 4.10 The two-fluid model of HeII.- 5 Ideal liquids.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Some large-scale properties of liquids.- 5.3 Real and ideal liquids.- 5.4 The acceleration of a liquid particle.- 5.5 Euler’s equations of motion.- 5.6 The equation of continuity.- 5.7 Solutions of Euler’s equations.- 5.8 Applications of the Bernoulli equation.- 5.9 Irrotational flow.- 5.10 The stream function.- 5.11 Circulation and vorticity.- 5.12 The Navier-Stokes equation.- 6 The slow viscous flow of liquids.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Creeping viscous flow in a semi-infinite channel.- 6.3 Poiseuille flow in tubes of circular cross-section.- 6.4 Motion of a Newtonian liquid between two coaxial cylinders.- 6.5 Bodies in liquids.- 6.6 Liquid flow and intermolecular forces.- 6.7 Non-Newtonian liquids.- 6.8 Viscometers.- 7 Surface effects.- 7.1 Introduction.- 7.2 Excess surface free energy and surface tension of liquids.- 7.3 The total surface energy of liquids.- 7.4 Surface tension and intermolecular forces.- 7.5 Solid surfaces.- 7.6 Specific surface free energy and the intermolecular potential.- 7.7 Liquid surfaces and the Laplace-Young equation.- 7.8 liquid spreading.- 7.9 Young’s relation.- 7.10 Capillary effects.- 7.11 The sessile drop.- 7.12 Vapour pressure and liquid-surface curvature.- 7.13 The measurement of surface free energies.- 8 High polymers and liquid crystals.- 8.1 Introduction.- 8.2 High polymers.- 8.3 The mechanisms of polymerisation.- 8.4 The size and shape of polymer molecules.- 8.5 The structure of solid polymers.- 8.6 The glass transition temperature.- 8.7 Young’s modulus of solid polymers.- 8.8 Stress-strain curves of polymers.- 8.9 Viscous flow in polymers.- 8.10 liquid crystals.- Appendix 1 Exercises.- Appendix 2 Answers to exercises.