springer us jul 1977 (12 risultati)

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Environmental problems, as far as they raise economic questions, even conflicting with pre-ecology economics, can be tackled in different ways. The way chosen by Bernard Coupe was not the French 'voie royale', -a Louis-XIV equivalent of a speedway - but the narrow path, con sisting in carefully implementing a simple but valid model. This model is amenable to many extensions, but it reveals the core of some economic-ecological problems: the search for acceptable solutions when one is confronted with a set of rather narrow constraints. A not uninteresting finding is that 'full-employment' solutions do seem to exist, though leading to different uses of the product made available. How such solutions are to be politically implemented is then a further stage of the reasoning, not taken up in this book. We spent, Bernard and I, many a well-filled hour in discussing the technicalities of the exercise: the consumption and investment functions, with their estimation problems, the treatment of the transportation sector, problems in geometric programming, et de quibusdam aliis. Especially when prefacing the final product, one is particularly pleased to be able to evoke the times past, but well spent. Bernard Coupe will certainly in the course of his development work in Africa, use the spirit and techniques of this approach. We can expect in the future some good reporting on this facet of his work too. 180 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -There is no generally accepted, clearly delineated body of know ledge concerning systems thinking. The multiplicity of thinking is well illustrated by the various names such as: (general) systems theory, systems thinking, systems approach, systems analysis, sys tems synthesis, systems engineering, etc. These terms refer to various fields of knowledge that either overlap or are completely different. For this reason we consider it useful to try to develop a common language, a common set of concepts. In this book we have tried to launch such a common language. We shall try to develop a set of coherent concepts and notions. We have consciously tried to make the minimum use of mathematical or logical symbols in our descriptions and definitions. This promotes more positive access to the concepts. We think that the language of the formal sciences, mathematics, can only be pardy of use to us in considering the application of systems thinking in complex em pirical situations. Our set of concepts is based on various descrip tions known from the literature. In order to explain the concepts and ideas as clearly as possible, we have illustrated them with exam ples from various academic fields such as sociology, psychology, business, management, economics, technology and the natural sciences. In the main, we have chosen relatively simple examples. 148 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The ideas of this book originate from a research group at the Department of Economics in Gothenburg working with the problem of 'Relations between Physical and Economic Planning'. The research was financed by grants from the Swedish Council for Building Research. Among all the persons, who from time to time were associated to the project group, the author wishes to express his particular thanks to Ph.D. Rune Jungen, Ph.D.Johan L6nnroth and M.A.Lars Andersson. c' This book is also my doctoral dissertation for which professor Ake E. Andersson has acted as supervisor. It has been a privilege for me to have him as my supervisor. I have benefited a great deal from a professional as well as a personal point of view. There are other members of the Department of Economics to whom I am indebted. Professor Harald Dickson was a close reader of my last drafts. The help I got from Ph.D.Lennart Hjalmarsson and Ph.D.Olle Ohlsson has also been indispensable to me. Ph.D.Barbro Atlestam, M.A.G6sta Olavi and Ph.D.Folke Snickars have assisted with calculations and the solution of mathematical pro blems. At last the author wishes to thank M. A . Mette Lembring who made the translation from Swedish. Jan Gunnarsson Contents V PREFACE Definition of the problem and results 1. 1.1. Some comments on the structure of systems of centres 1 A brief survey of problems 5 1.2. 152 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Those who have sought information on the extent of divorce in the modern world will know that the most accessible sources lie in international yearbooks, (1) and that from these it is possible to make certain broad comparisons of a historical or geographical kind. For anyone country, for instance, changes in the divorce rate can be traced, or comparative rates for any number of countries at any given time can be examined. Similarly, it is possible to discover differences and similarities in divorce trends on an international basis, either for individual nations or for region al or cultural clusters. Typically, however, such sources cannot be used for detailed or sophisticated comparisons because of the limit ed volume of data, and of the nature of the statistics presented. To detect detailed differences in divorce-propensity by time or place, for instance, ideally requires cohort data, information on the number of marriages dissolved by divorce within one, two---x years among every 1,000 or 10,000 of marriages contracted in a given year. Such data do not appear in the international statistical summaries, which often do not even use the next best kind of measure, namely divorces per 1,000 or 10,000 existing marriages. Often the figures given are those for divorces per thousand of tot a I population, and these are of little comparative value because of variations in popu lation structure. 328 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book is the product of research which I undertook for my doc toral thesis. The project was started whilst I was at the Free Univer sity of Amsterdam, and the State University of Groningen gave me ample opportunity to complete the work. At both universities I was lucky enough to find kind colleagues who were willing to perform my teaching tasks, enabling me to spend much of my time some of on my research. I should like to thank Wietze Boomsma, Kees van den Hoeven and Jan Oosterhaven for their kind help. I was also most encouraged to discover several students at both institutions who were interested in the research topic. This meant that some research could be performed with their co-operation, which proved most stimulating. Harry ter Braak and Henk van Metelen were especially enthusiastic helpers. During the initial stage of research, Fons Bertens did a great deal of meticulous work, with never a com plaint. In the final stages, Arend Stemerding helped me greatly. The completed manuscript was read by Nol Merkies and Peter Nijkamp, who had some helpful comments on the contents. Pro fessor Nijkamp succeeded in stimulating me during the research by his interest in the project and subsequent edifying discussions. Several persons helped to type the manuscript, but Yvonne van Tuyl took the lion's share, typing a perfect final copy in record time. 280 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The purpose of this study is to analyze the alternative growth paths open to a region under various policies designed to control the growth oftour ism. This is motivated by the current interest of decision-makers in con trolling the growth of tourism. Such interest and any policies which emanate from it may prove detrimental unless a thorough understanding of the consequences of these policies are the foundation upon which the decisions are made. The study consists of four parts, each is written by an author or a group of authors. Thus, while the logical sequence of the parts and the feedbacks among them unify the study, the methodology adopted in each is different, reflecting the diversity and dexterity of forecasting techniques in econo mics. This variety of techniques is desirable in itself as it exposes the reader to some of the alternative approaches. In chapter 1, the theory of regional growth, and in particular the dis tinction between the supply-based and the demand-based models, is dis cussed. The role played by natural resource constraints is shown to be absent from both types of models, and it is argued that this role can be investigated by considering the alternative growth paths available to the region through variations in the rate oftuilization of the resource. To ac complish that, however, a model of regional growth is needed. The empiri cal evidence provided favour a demand-type model. A model of this type is developed and utilized in succeeding parts of the study. 140 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -International monetary economics essentially deals with three problems, viz. the nature and stability of the international monetary system, the balance of payments adjustment process, and international liquidity (reserves and credit facilities). All three categories are interrelated. The exchange rate system has an important bearing on the manner in which the adjustment process functions, as well as on the need for international liquidity. The adjustment process is an important determinant of the need for international liquidity. The adequacy of international liquidity influences the working of the adjustment process. Ultimately, developments in international liquidity and in the adjustment process determine the nature and stability of the international monetary system; a sustained malfunctioning of the adjustment process - brought about by a serious imbalance in international liquidity or by other causes - will bring about a new international monetary system, either through collapse or reform of the old system. This study deals only with the problem of international liquidity. However, it touches on the two other main aspects of international monetary economics insofar as they have a bearing on international reserves and credit facilities. In the literature international liquidity is most often defined as including international reserves (gold, SDRs, foreign exchange and claims on the IMF) and international credit facilities (IMF drawing rights, EEC support arrangements and central bank multilateral and bilateral credit facilities). This definition will also be followed in this study. 268 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In most Keynesian-type macroeconomic models the financial sector is modelled in terms of money demand, money supply and money market equilibrium. The market equations for private and government debt, i.e. credit, are implicit in these models by virtue of Walras' Law and need not be explicitly specified. Market equations for existing physical capital, or shares in capital, are absent from these models on the tacit assumption that physical capital cannot be traded and, consequently, has no market price. Money in these models is a substitute for private and government debt, not for current output, let alone for physical capital (or claims thereon). Models with these characteristics have three basic weaknesses. They narrow down the monetary transmission mechanism to a small subset of assets. Moreover, they produce downward-biased estimates of the degree of controllability of money in open economies if money and claims on physical capital are actually substitutes. Finally, these models are ill-suited to analyze adequately the effects of open market operations and of financing government budget deficits which change the stocks of money and debt. 120 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware 140 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In 1971, the Dutch-language branch of the Population and Family Study Centre (CBGS)\* of the Department of Public Health and the Family organized, in collaboration with investigators from the Rijksuniversiteit Gent, the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, and the Vrije Universiteit Brussels, the Second National Fertility Survey in Belgium (NEGO 11)\*\* (Cliquet et al. , 1970). NEGO II was a result of and related to the First National Fertility Survey performed in Belgium (NEGO I) in 1966 (Cliquet, 1967; Morsa, 1967). Both of these surveys were modelled on the Growth of American Families (GAF) studies performed at fiveyear intervals in the United States since 1955 (Freedman et al. , 1959; Whelpton et al. , 1966; Ryder and Westoff, 1971). Meanwhile, plans were made for the Third National Survey (NEGO III) in Belgium (CBGS Annual Report, 1975, 54). The CBGS fertility surveys (NEGO I-II-III) form part of the interdisciplinary research programme on the mating and reproductive behaviour of the Belgian population. In addition to these surveys, special investigations are performed in the Departments of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of various universities in Belgium. In the American surveys and similar studies done in many other countries, particularly those performed as part of the World Fertility Survey, the main emphasis has been given to the socio-demographic investigation of realized fertility and family planning. The approach applied by the CBGS has from the start placed these problems, both thematically and scientifically, in a wider perspective. 160 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The Netherlands Society for Systems Research was founded on 9 May 1970 to promote interdisciplinary scientific activity on basis of a systems approach. It has its seat in Utrecht, The Netherlands. Officers for the years 1975/1976: President: G. Broekstra, University of Delft Secretaries: G. De Zeeuw, University of Amsterdam (acting secretary) G. R. Eyzenga, University of Groningen Treasurer: J. N. Herbschleb, Computer Laboratory, Department of Cardio logy, University Hospital, CatharijnesingellOl, Utrecht. All information about the society can be obtained from the acting secretary. The editor is happy to announce that H. Koppelaar from the State University Utrecht will act as associate editor of the Journal. Moreover, the following scientists have declared to be willing to act as member of the editiorial board: Professor G. Klir, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York, U.S.A. Professor S. Braten, Institute of Sociology, University of Oslo, Blindern, Norway Professor B. R. Gaines, Department of Electrical Engineering Science, Univer sity of Essex, Colchester, U.K. Professor Maria Nowakowska, Department of Praxiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland. Professor F. Pichler, Department of Systems Theory, Johannes Kepler Univer sity, Linz-Auhof, Austria. Professor B. Zeigler, Department of Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel. The editor ADDRESSES OF AUTHORS Broekstra, G., Graduate School of Management, Poortweg 6-8, Delft, The Netherlands. Dalenoort, G. J., Institute for experimental psychology, State University Groningen, Biological Centre, Section D, Kerklaan 30, Haren (Gr.), The Netherlands. 144 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware 148 pp. Englisch.