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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Becoming a Food Scientist is designed as a reservoir of ideas for those beginning a graduate education in food science or beginning a professional career in the field. Although at times it may read as a how-to manual for success in graduate school, it is meant to encourage each reader to study the research process, to challenge conventional wisdom, and to develop a career path that maximizes the probability of success both in school and beyond. The author has viewed food science graduate programs through the lenses of programs at four universities and service in numerous activities with the Institute of Food Technologists. This book is thus focused on the field of food science, but it may have relevance to other scientific disciplines.The book introduces the concept of research as process in the first chapter. Subsequent chapters focus on individual unit operations of research: idea generation, problem definition, critical evaluation of the literature, method selection, experimental design, data collection, processing and analysis, and knowledge dissemination. Successful graduate students in food science must master each of these operations. The final section of the book pushes the reader beyond graduate school into its practice in the real world. Topics covered in the maturation of a food scientist include the scientific meeting, critical thinking, science and philosophy, ethics, finding and managing the literature, planning, grantsmanship, laboratory setup and management, and career development. This book should be a meaningful companion for any graduate student in the field and those transitioning from graduate school to the food science profession.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 180 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This book shows amateur astronomers how to use one-shot CCD cameras, and how to get the best out of equipment that exposes all three color images at once. Because this book is specifically devoted to one-shot imaging, 'One-Shot Color Astronomical Imaging' begins by looking at all the basics - what equipment will be needed, how color imaging is done, and most importantly, what specific steps need to be followed after the one-shot color images are taken.What is one-shot color imaging Typically, astronomical cooled-chip CCD cameras record only one color at a time - rather like old-fashioned black & white cameras fitted with color filters. Three images are taken in sequence - in red, blue, and green light - and these are then merged by software in a PC to form a color image. Each of the three images must be taken separately through a suitable color filter, which means that the total exposure time for every object is more than tripled. When exposure times can run into tens of minutes or even hours for each of the three colors, this can be a major drawback for the time-pressed amateur.'One-Shot Color Astronomical Imaging' describes the most cost-effective and time-efficient way for any amateur astronomer to begin to photograph the deep-sky.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 212 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -The Andromeda Galaxy ¿ Messier¿s M31 ¿ has an almost romantic appeal. It is the most distant object and the only extragalactic object that is visible to the unaided human eye. Now known to be about 2¿ million light-years away, it appears in the sky to be several times the width of the full Moon under good seeing conditions. The Andromeda Galaxy and the Rise of Modern Astronomy examines the astronomical studies of Andromeda and its importance to our developing knowledge of the universe. The book discusses how M31 was described both by the Ancients, but more importantly, by astronomers from the nineteenth century to the present.While at the start of the twentieth century the universe was thought of as a finite cosmos dominated by the Milky Way, the study of Andromeda galaxy shattered that image, leading ultimately to the conception of an infinite universe of countless galaxies and vast distances. Even today, M31 is a major focal point for new astronomical discoveries, and it also remains one of the most popular (and rewarding) celestial objects for amateur astronomers to observe and study. This book reveals the little-known history of M31 and the scientists who study it.For all who are interested in astronomy, the skies, and perhaps even the origins of the universe, The Andromeda Galaxy and the Rise of Modern Astronomy provides a first-of-its-kind accessible, informative, and highly readable account of how the study and observation of this celestial object has driven the development of astronomy from ancient times to the present.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 284 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -¿¿¿¿¿¿Now more than ever, marketing is assuming a key boundary-spanning role¿a role that also redefined the composition of the marketing organization. In this Brief, the marketing organization¿s integrative and mutually reinforcing components of marketing activities, customer value-creating processes, networks, and stakeholders are delineated within their boundary-spanning roles. Expanding upon his article published in the Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science in 2011, Tomas Hult draws thematic marketing insights from the integration of thirty-one organization theories to advance knowledge on the boundary-spanning marketing organization within four areas: strategic marketing resources, marketing leadership and decision making, network alliances and collaborations, and the domestic and global marketplace.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 88 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -¿¿¿Progressives need a balanced federal budget morethan Conservatives, because they believe that government has an important role toplay in modern life. Lack of a long term plan to move toward a sustainablebudget crowds out short term Progressive priorities: infrastructure spendinggreen technology, education and needed governmental interventions in the shortterm to support and improve our weak economy. The federal budget is unsustainable. For all the bluster of the debt ceilingdebate, the plan passed so far does not address the changes most obviouslyneeded if we are to ever have a balanced budget again: an increase in taxes andthe next steps on health reform to address the biggest driver of our long termbudget deficit, health care costs.Slowing the rate at which health care costs are growing is a necessary, but nota sufficient condition to developing a long range balanced budget. You shouldask any politician saying they think a balanced budget is a priority onequestion: what is your health reform plan Without one, they have no hope ofachieving their goal. This book offers progressives solutions to health care reform and a balanced budget, and will be of interest to academics, students and educated readers interested in politics, public policy andgovernment finance.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 124 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This symposium was not only a happy event for the University of Nebraska, but it marked a milestone in the history of the biological sciences here. The symposium cele in the most appropriate way possible, the creation of the new School of Life brated, Sciences and ushered in what I believe will be a period of substantial development for biology on this campus. I am immensely proud of the faculty of this new School, and I have every confidence that the School's reputation and achievements will continue to grow. As you all know, this university has had and still has distinguished scientists in the biological sciences and has offered fme programs at both the undergraduate and graduate level. But both the formation of the School of Ufe Sciences and the construction of the new Ufe Sciences Building promise a brighter future in this important area The School of Life Sciences was formed from the Departments of Botany, Micro biology, and Zoology, together with staff members in Biochemistry (from both the Department of Chemistry and from the former Department of Biochemistry and Nutri tion in the College of Agriculture) as well as staff members in the College of Agriculture's Department of Plant Pathology. Our whole notion was to build a core unit in biology that would cross the lines between the College of Arts and Sciences and the College of Agriculture in order to combine strengths which exist in both areas.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 244 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This is a compact mtroduction to some of the pnncipal tOpICS of mathematical logic . In the belief that beginners should be exposed to the most natural and easiest proofs, I have used free-swinging set-theoretic methods. The significance of a demand for constructive proofs can be evaluated only after a certain amount of experience with mathematical logic has been obtained. If we are to be expelled from 'Cantor's paradise' (as nonconstructive set theory was called by Hilbert), at least we should know what we are missing. The major changes in this new edition are the following. (1) In Chapter 5, Effective Computability, Turing-computabIlity IS now the central notion, and diagrams (flow-charts) are used to construct Turing machines. There are also treatments of Markov algorithms, Herbrand-Godel-computability, register machines, and random access machines. Recursion theory is gone into a little more deeply, including the s-m-n theorem, the recursion theorem, and Rice's Theorem. (2) The proofs of the Incompleteness Theorems are now based upon the Diagonalization Lemma. Lob's Theorem and its connection with Godel's Second Theorem are also studied. (3) In Chapter 2, Quantification Theory, Henkin's proof of the completeness theorem has been postponed until the reader has gained more experience in proof techniques. The exposition of the proof itself has been improved by breaking it down into smaller pieces and using the notion of a scapegoat theory. There is also an entirely new section on semantic trees.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 356 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -The papers in these proceedings were presented at an Inter national Symposium on Stiff Differential Systems, which was held at the Hotel Quellenhof, Wildbad, Federal Republic of Germany, October 4-6, 1973. The sumposium was organized by IBM Germany and sponsored by the IBM World Trade Corporation. On behalf of all the participants we wish to express our appreciation to the sponsors and organizers for their generous support,particularly to Dr. G. HUbner, representing Scientific Relations, IBM Germany, and Dr. G. Kozak, representing IBM World Trade Headquarters, New York. The purpose of the conference was to provide an intensive treatment of all apsects of a difficult problem class, stiff differential systems. Some major fields of interest of attendees and contributors are: 1) Modeling and problem solving in scien tific and technological applications, 2) Qualitative theory of stiff systems, 3) Numerical Analysis, including design, valida tion, and comparison of algorithms, as well as error and stability analysis, and 4) Computer Science, in particular problem-oriented programming languages, program packages, and applications-oriented computer architecture.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 336 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -The study of animal behaviour, particularly from evolutionary and ecological viewpoints, has been one of the major growing points in biology over the last 10 to 15 years. The degree of quantitative rigour in theoretical, observational and experimental approaches to behaviour has increased dramatically. As more of the rapidly growing research literature be comes a basic requirement for students reading animal behaviour at undergraduate level, there is a need for a readily comprehensible text, covering all major aspects of behaviour study, to accom pany their courses. This book, based on my first, second and third year under graduate lectures at the University of No ttingham , is designed to meet that requirement. The book begins with a discussion of the physiological and anatomical bases of behaviour: the relationship between nervous system structure and function and behaviour; hormonal effects on behaviour; biological c1ocks; perceptual mechanisms; and stimulus filtering. This leadsto a consideration in Chapter 2 of how the animal integrates internal and external stimuli in making decisions about its behaviour and the way natural selection has shaped decision-making processes and the organisation of motivation. The first two chapters therefore deal with the instigation or causation of behaviour within the animal. Chapters 3 and 4 deal with developmental aspects of behaviour. Chapter 3 discusses behaviour genetics, inc1uding the relationship between specific genes and behaviour, the heritability of behaviour patterns, the site of gene action in the body and the evolutionary consequences of a genetic basis to behaviour.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 340 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This year, Orbis Scientiae 1976, dedicated to the Bicentennial of the United States of America, was devoted entirely to recent developments in high energy These proceedings contain nearly all of the physics. papers presented at Orbis, held at the Center for Theoretical Studies, University of Miami, during January 19-22, 1976. The organization of Orbis this year was due mainly to the moderators of the sessions, principally Sydney Meshkov, Murray Gell-Mann, Yoichiro Nambu, Glennys Farrar, Fred Zachariasen and Behram Kursunoglu, who was also chairman of the conference. The coherence of the various sessions is due to their efforts, and special thanks are due to Sydney Meshkov who was responsible for coor dinating many.of the efforts of the moderators and for including essentially all of the frontier developments in high energy physics. Because of the number of papers and their integrated length, it has been necessary to divide these proceedings into two volumes. An effort has been made to divide the material in the two volumes into fundamental questions (including the appearance of magnetic charge in particle physics) and recent high energy results and attendant phenomenology. These volumes were prepared by Mrs. Helga Billings, Mrs. Elva Brady and Ms. Yvonne Leber, and their dedication and skill are gratefully acknowledged. Their efforts v PREFACE during Orbis were supplemented by those of Mrs. Jacquelyn Zagursky, with our appreciation. The ~hoto graphs were taken by Ms. Shirley Busch.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 420 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This year, Orbis Scientiae 1976, dedicated to the Bicentennial of the United States of America, was devoted entirely to recent developments in high energy physics. These proceedings contain nearly all of the papers presented at Orbis, held at the Center for Theoretical Studies, University of Miami, during January 19-22, 1976. The organization of Orbis this year was due mainly to the moderators of the sessions, principally Sydney Meshkov, Murray Gell-Mann, Yoichiro Nambu, Glennys Farrar, Fred Zachariasen and Behram Kursunoglu, who was also chairman of the conference. The coherence of the various sessions is due to their efforts, and special thanks are due to Sydney Meshkov who was responsible for coor dinating many of the efforts of the moderators and for including essentially all of the frontier developments in high energy physics. Because of the number of papers and their integrated length, it has been necessary to divide these proceedings into two volumes. An effort has been made to divide the material in the two volumes into fundamental questions (including the appearance of magnetic charge in particle physics) and recent high energy results and attendant ppenomenology. These volumes were prepared by Mrs. Helga Billings, Mrs. Elva Brady and Ms. Yvonne Leber, and their dedication and skill are gratefully acknowledged. Their efforts v PREFACE during Orbis were supplemented by those of Mrs. Jacquelyn Zagursky, with our appreciation. The photo graphs were taken by Ms. Shirley Busch.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 424 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -As the aquaculture industry has expanded throughout the world, it has embraced the experiences of many fields of study to meet increasing technological challenges. The complexities of modern hatchery methodology, more intensive growout systems, and the application of diverse biological and physical sciences to aquatic animal husbandry have reached beyona the ability of most aquaculturists to enjoy an in-depth knowledge of all phases of the aquaculture process. More importantly, in order for tne culturist to have at hand the information necessary to make basic decisions, it requires an extensive library of textbooks and scientific literature. The Aquaculture Desk Reference serves as a concise compila tion of tables, graphs, conversions, formulas and design specifica tions useful to the aquaculture industry. It also provides examples, in a straightforward manner, of how information in tabulature can be used to derive values for specific system design and process strategies. Tables and graphs in this volume also provide back ground documentation and authority for further reference. The Aquaculture Desk Reference is a convenient source book that will alleviate the need for an extensive personal library to access basic information useful for practicing aquaculturists. Many thanks to Mrs. Ruth Aldrich for her assistance in the preparation of this book. My family, friends and associates also deserve my special appreciation for their encouragement and sup port.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 220 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Applications that require a high degree of distribution and loosely-coupled connectivity are ubiquitous in various domains, including scientific databases, bioinformatics, and multimedia retrieval. In all these applications, data is typically voluminous and multidimensional, and support for advanced query operators is required for effective querying and efficient processing. To address this challenge, we adopt a hybrid P2P architecture and propose novel indexing and query processing algorithms. We present a scalable framework that relies on data summaries that are distributed and maintained as multidimensional routing indices. Different types of data summaries enable efficient processing of a variety of advanced query operators.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 96 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Since the publication of the previous volumes many new aspects of the physical and life sciences have been developed in which the properties of water play a dominant role. Although, according to its preface, Volume 5 was to be the last one of the treatise, these recent developments have led to a revision of that statement. The present volume and its companion, still in preparation, deal with topics that were already mentioned in the preface to Volume 5 as gaining in importance. The recent development of X-ray and, more particularly, neutron scattering techniques have led to studies of 'structure' in aqueous solutions of electrolytes on the one hand, and to the role of water in protein structure and function on the other. Both these topics have reached a stage where reviews of the present state of knowledge are useful. The application of ab initio methods to calculations of hydration and conformation of small molecules has a longer history, but here again a critical summary is timely. The role of solvent effects in reaction kinetics and mechanisms should have had a place in Volume 2 of this treatise, but, as sometimes happens, the author who had taken on this task failed tQ live up to his promise. However, since 1972 the physical chemistry of mixed aqueous solvents has made considerable strides, so that the belated discussion of this topic (by a new author) is built on evidence that was not available at the time of publication of Volume 2.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 472 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Almost all theories of fundamental interactions are nowadays based on the gauge concept. Starting with the historical example of quantum electrodynamics, we have been led to the successful unified gauge theory of weak and electromagnetic interactions, and finally to a non abelian gauge theory of strong interactions with the notion of permanently confined quarks. The. early theoretical work on gauge theories was devoted to proofs of renormalizability, investigation of short distance behaviour, the discovery of asymptotic freedom, etc . . , aspects which were accessible to tools extrapolated from renormalised perturbation theory. The second phase of the subject is concerned with the problem of quark confinement which necessitates a non-perturbative understanding of gauge theories. This phase has so far been marked by the introduc tion of ideas from geometry, topology and statistical mechanics in particular the theory of phase transitions. The 1979 Cargese Institute on 'Recent Developments on Gauge Theories' was devoted to a thorough discussion of these non-perturbative, global aspects of non-abelian gauge theories. In the lectures and seminars reproduced in this volume the reader wilf find detailed reports on most of the important developments of recent times on non perturbative gauge fields by some of the leading experts and innovators in this field. Aside from lectures on gauge fields proper, there were lectures on gauge field concepts in condensed matter physics and lectures by mathematicians on global aspects of the calculus of variations, its relation to geometry and topology, and related topics.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 452 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Predicting Prosody from Text for Text-to-Speech Synthesiscovers thespecific aspects of prosody, mainly focusing on how to predict the prosodic information from linguistic text, and then how to exploit the predicted prosodic knowledge for various speech applications. Author K. Sreenivasa Rao discusses proposed methods along with state-of-the-art techniques for the acquisition and incorporation of prosodic knowledge for developing speech systems.Positional, contextual and phonological features are proposed for representing the linguistic and production constraints of the sound units present in the text. This book is intended for graduate students and researchers working in the area of speech processing.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 144 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -The OHOLO Conferences have been convened annually from the Spring of 1956; the wide areas they have covered, from different and overlapping disciplines, can be seen from the following list: 1956 Bacterial Genetics (not published) 1957 Tissue Cultures in Virological Research (not published) 1958 Inborn and Acquired Resistance to Infection in Animals (not published) 1959 Experimental Approach to Mental Diseases (not published) 1960 Cryptobiotic Stages in Biological Systems\* 1961 Virus-Cell Relationships\*\* 1962 Biological Synthesis and Function of Nucleic Acids\*\* 1963 Cellular Control Mechanism of Macromolecular Synthesis\*\* 1964 Molecular Aspects of Immunology\*\* 1965 Cell Surfaces\*\* 1966 Chemistry and Biology of Psychotropic Agents (not published) 1967 Structure and Mode of Action of Enzymes\*\* 1968 Growth and Differentiation of Cells In Vitro\*\* 1969 Behaviour of Animal Cells in Culture\*\* 1970 Microbial Toxins\*\* 1971 Interaction of Chemical Agents with Cholinergic Mechanisms\*\* 1972 Immunity in Viral and Rickettsial Diseases\*\*\* The participants who attend these Conferences are drawn from dif ferent scientific institutions in Israel and from many foreign countries; they are engaged in fields of study which represent widely divergent approaches to biology. Thus a distinguishing feature of the OHOLO meetings has been their multi-disciplinary nature. Published by Elsevier Publishing Co. , Amsterdam (1960). \* \*\* Published by the Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness Ziona. \*\*\* Published by Plenum Press, New York (1972). ix PREFACE x These small international conferences are also characterized by their relaxed atmosphere, with ample time for informal as well as formal discussions.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 452 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Antifreeze Solutions in Home Fire Sprinkler Systems examines the usage of antifreeze solutions in residential sprinklers, and analyzes their effectiveness in controlling a fire condition and aiding in containment. The book also investigates the possibility of a large-scale ignition occurring from solutions of varying mixtures, and proposes the optimal ones for reducing flammability.Antifreeze Solutions in Home Fire Sprinkler Systems is designed for practitioners as a reference guide for handling antifreeze solutions in residential sprinkler systems. Researchers working in a related field will also find the book valuable.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 56 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -1. UV/Ozone Cleaning of Surfaces.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Variables of UV/Ozone Cleaning.- 2.1. The Wavelengths Emitted by the UV Sources.- 2.2. Distance between the Sample and the UV Source.- 2.3. The Contaminants.- 2.4. The Precleaning.- 2.5. The Substrate.- 2.6. Rate Enhancement Techniques.- 3. The Mechanism of UV/Ozone Cleaning.- 4. UV/Ozone Cleaning in Vacuum Systems.- 5. Safety Considerations.- 6. UV/Ozone Cleaning Facility Construction.- 7. Applications.- 8. Effects Other Than Cleaning.- 8.1. Oxidation.- 8.2. UV-Enhanced Outgassing.- 8.3. Other Surface/Interface Effects.- 8.4. Etching.- 9. Summary and Conclusions.- References and Notes.- 2. Techniques for Cleaning Liquid Surfaces.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Origin of Dynamic Liquid Surface Phenomena.- 3. The Notion of Surface Cleanliness.- 4. The History of Clean Surfaces.- 5. The Nature of Surface Contamination.- 6. Cleaning Techniques.- 6.1. Primary Distillation.- 6.2. Further Distillation.- 6.3. Bubble Cleaning.- 6.4. Surface Skimming and Talc Cleaning.- 6.5. Solid Adsorption Techniques.- 6.6. Laser Burning.- 6.7. Solution Preparation.- 6.8. Surface Cleaning in Engineering Applications.- 7. Materials for Clean-Surface Experiments.- 7.1. Principles.- 7.2. Construction of Apparatus.- 7.3. Water Storage Materials.- 8. Cleaning of Apparatus.- 8.1. ¿Hard¿ Materials¿Chromic Acid.- 8.2. Perspex¿Detergents.- 9. General Design Considerations.- 10. Summary.- References.- 3. Hydroson Cleaning of Surfaces.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Hydroson System.- 3. Experimental Investigation of Mechanisms in the Tank.- 4. Commercial Applications of Hydroson Cleaning.- 5. Safety and Economy.- 6. Recent Developments.- 6.1. Wire Cleaning.- 6.2. Coil Strip Cleaning.- 6.3. Barrel Cleaning and Rinsing.- 6.4. Cleaning Molds in the Glass Industry.- 6.5. Nuclear Industry.- 6.6. Phosphating.- 6.7. Electrodeposition.- 7. Size and Cost of Equipment.- 8. Comparison with Ultrasonic and Megasonic Cleaning.- 9. Conclusion.- References.- 4. Methods of Measurement of Ionic Surface Contamination.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Ionic Measurement.- 3. Static Extraction Methods.- 3.1. Egan¿s Method.- 3.2. Method of Hobson and DeNoon.- 3.3. Omega Meter.- 3.4. Ion Chaser.- 3.5. Contaminometer.- 4. Dynamic Extraction Method-Ionograph.- 5. Applications of Ionic Contamination Measurements.- 6. Future Prospects.- 7. Summary.- References.- 5. Characterization of Surface Contaminants by Luminescence Using Ultraviolet Excitation.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Luminescence Technique for Surface Detection.- 3. Applications.- 3.1. The Use of UV ¿Black Light¿ for Surface Detection.- 3.2. Study of Workers¿ Skin Contamination by the ¿Skin-Wash¿ Method.- 3.3. The Fiberoptic Luminoscope for Monitoring Occupational Skin Contamination.- 3.4. Detection of Surface Contamination with the Spill Spotter.- 3.5. Remote Sensing with Laser-Based Fluorosensors.- 3.6. A Fluorescent Tracer Detection Technique.- 3.7. Studies of Absorption of Carcinogenic Materials into Mouse Skin.- 3.8. Chromogenic and Fluorogenic Spot Test Techniques.- 3.9. Sensitized Fluorescence Spot Tests.- 3.10. Surface Detection by Room Temperature Phosphorimetry.- 4. Conclusion.- References.- 6. Particulate Surface Contamination and Device Failures.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Sources of Particulate Contamination.- 2.1. Air.- 2.2. Chemicals.- 2.3. Gases.- 2.4. Wafer Handling.- 3. Effects on Device Performance.- 3.1. Particulate Contamination on Photomasks.- 3.2. Epitaxial Growth.- 3.3. Failure Mechanism in MOS Gate Oxides.- 3.4. Impurity Contamination in Silicon.- 4. Summary.- References.- 7. Effect of Surface Contamination on the Performance of HVDC Insulators.- 1. Introduction.- 2. General Overview of the Flashover Process.- 3. Deposition of Particles.- 3.1. Introduction.- 3.2. The Electrical Environment.- 3.3. Charging Mechanisms.- 3.4. Particle Deposition Rates.- 4. Deposition of Moisture.- 5. Thermal Processes.- 6. Localized Electrical Breakdown.- 7. Discharge Growth.- 7.1. Introduction.- 7.2. Extinction Theories.- 7.3. Effect of Polarity.- 7.4. Effect of Voltage Waveform.- 7.5. Effect of the Composition of the Conducting Layer.- 7.6. Effect of Ambient Pressure.- 7.7. Effect of Ambient Temperature.- 7.8. Effect of Ambient Gas.- 8. Test Methods to Evaluate Insulator Performance.- 9. Prevention of Flashover.- 9.1. Deposition of Contamination.- 9.2. Deposition of Moisture.- 9.3. Dry-Band Formation and Electric Field Concentration.- 9.4. Localized Electrical Breakdown across the Dry Band.- 9.5. Discharge Growth.- 10. Conclusions and Future Prospects.- References.- 8. Effect of Surface Contamination on Electric Contact Performance.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Sources of Contamination.- 2.1. Oxidation and Corrosion.- 2.2. Particulates.- 2.3. Thermal Diffusion.- 2.4. Fretting.- 2.5. Manufacturing Processes.- 2.6. Outgassing and Condensation on Contact Surfaces of Volatiles from Noncontact Materials.- 3. Effects of Contamination.- 3.1. Direct.- 3.2. Indirect.- 4. Contact Resistance Probes for the Detection and Characterization of Contamination.- 4.1. Description of Probes.- 4.2. Determination of Contact Resistance.- 4.3. Modes of Operation.- 5. Summary.- References.- 9. The Role of Surface Contaminants in the Solid-State Welding of Metals.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Role of Contaminants in Preventing Solid-State Welds.- 3. Classification of Surface Contaminants.- 3.1. Inorganic Films.- 3.2. Organic Contaminants.- 3.3. Particulate Contaminants.- 4. Role of Contaminant Properties.- 4.1. Inorganic Films.- 4.2. Organic Films.- 4.3. Particulate Contaminants.- 5. Mechanisms for Elimination of Surface Barriers during Solid-State Welding.- 5.1. Thermal Mechanisms Occurring during Diffusion Welding.- 5.2. Deformation Welding.- 5.2.1. Mechanical Mechanisms.- 5.2.2. Thermal Mechanisms.- 6. Surface Preparation.- 7. Concluding Remarks.- References.- 10. Surface Contamination and Contact Electrification.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Types of Contaminants.- 2.1. Adsorbed Mole.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -The present book contains the Proceedings of a two day Symposium on Uremic Toxins organized at the University of Ghent in Belgium. A series of guest lectures, free communications and posters have been presented. An international audience of 163 scientists from 16 nationalities listened to and discussed extensively a spectrum of topics brought forward by colleagues and researchers who worked for many years in the field of Uremic Toxins. There is a striking contrast between all the new dialysis strategies available in the work to 'clean' the uremic patients and the almost non-progression of our knowledge on uremic toxins in the past decade. In this sense the symposium was felt by all participants as a new start for the research in the biochemical field of the definition of uremia. If the present volume would stimulate new work in this field in order to define uremia, or identify the uremic toxins, the purpose of the organizers would be maximally fulfilled.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 312 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This volume, published in honor of Prof. Luigi Crocco, appears when Luigi Crocco celebrates his 75th birthday of a life devoted to study, research, and teaching. The events in his life and World War II forced Luigi Crocco, as well as other Italian scientists, to look to foreign countries for the calm haven so vital to study. This notwithstanding, his scientific activity was never inter rupted, and this volume is an acknowledgment of scientists and researchers to his work and life. Prefazione Questo volume in onore del prof. ing. Luigi Crocco vede la luce quando Luigi Crocco compie i 75 anni di una vita dedicata allo studio, alia ricerca e all'insegnamento. a Le vicende della vita, ed anche della 2 guerra mondiale, hanno costretto Luigi Crocco, come altri scienziati italiani, a dover cercare in altri Paesi quella serenita necessaria per dedicarsi allo studio. Ma la sua attivita scientifica non ha avuto interruzioni e questo volume essere la testimonianza di studiosi e di ricercatori alia sua opera e alia sua vita.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 460 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -The subject matter of this Advanced Study Institute, which has been rendered possible by the generous support of NATO, gratefully acknow ledged here, is of central importance to quantum field theory today. The problems involved are both deep and complicated, to a point that perhaps does not find easily a parallel in other branches of theoret ical physics. From the first rule-of-thumb prescriptions on how to perform renormalization to the most recent advances--which brighten our hopes to find, eventually, in field theory indications as to the ultimate composition of matter--a great amount of progress has cer tainly been made. We were fortunate to have among us many of the people who have most contributed to past and recent developments. Although clues that point to what to do next are clearer now than might have been expected only a few years ago, much hard work is still ahead. It is hoped that both our meeting, which brought to gether leaders in the field as well as bright and eager beginners, and the present volume, based on the NATO meeting, may be useful as a mise-a-point and as an up-to-date reference book for researchers interested in the field.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 416 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Early one morning in April of 1987, the Chinese mathematician J. -Q. Zhong died unexpectedly of a heart attack in New York. He was then near the end of a one-year visit in the United States. When news of his death reached his Chinese-American friends, it was immediately decided by one and all that something should be done to preserve his memory. The present volume is an outgrowth of this sentiment. His friends in China have also established a Zhong Jia-Qing Memorial Fund, which has since twice awarded the Zhong Jia-Qing prizes for Chinese mathematics graduate students. It is hoped that at least part of the reasons for the esteem and affection in which he was held by all who knew him would come through in the succeeding pages of this volume. The three survey chapters by Li and Treibergs, Lu, and Siu (Chapters 1-3) all center around the areas of mathematics in which Zhong made noteworthy contributions. In addition to putting Zhong's mathematical contributions in perspective, these articles should be useful also to a large segment of the mathematical community; together they give a coherent picture of a sizable portion of contemporary geometry. The survey of Lu differs from the other two in that it gives a firsthand account of the work done in the People's Republic of China in several complex variables in the last four decades.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 500 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Although 5-fluorouracil (Fura) is the drug of choice for the treat ment of patients with advanced colorectal cancer, this agent has limited effectiveness with a reported response rate of 10-20% and a duration of response of only 6-9 months. The large percentage of treatment failures with this agent has spurred a continuing effort to delineate the mechanism(s) of resistance to Fura and to evaluate approaches that would selectively modulate the therapeutic efficacy of this agent. The therapeutic efficacy of FUra has been attributed to its selec tive incorporation into RNA and to its inhibition of thymidylate syn thase, leading to potent inhibition of DNA synthesis. Studies of cell lines in vitro and model systems in vivo have demonstrated that although mechanism~sensitivity and resistanc; to Fura are multifactorial, in the presence of citrovorum factor (CF, 5-formyltetrahydrofolate) the site of action of Fura becomes predominantly the pronounced and pro longed inhibition of thymidylate synthase. This action is the result of stabilization of the covalent ternary complex between FdUMP, an active metabolite of FUra, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolates, and thymidylate synthase. This effect of CF is thus an example of the concept of meta bolic modulation.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 352 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -It is now generally recognized that the field of combinatorics has, over the past years, evolved into a fully-fledged branch of discrete mathematics whose potential with respect to computers and the natural sciences is only beginning to be realized. Still, two points seem to bother most authors: The apparent difficulty in defining the scope of combinatorics and the fact that combinatorics seems to consist of a vast variety of more or less unrelated methods and results. As to the scope of the field, there appears to be a growing consensus that combinatorics should be divided into three large parts: (a) Enumeration, including generating functions, inversion, and calculus of finite differences; (b) Order Theory, including finite posets and lattices, matroids, and existence results such as Hall's and Ramsey's; (c) Configurations, including designs, permutation groups, and coding theory. The present book covers most aspects of parts (a) and (b), but none of (c). The reasons for excluding (c) were twofold. First, there exist several older books on the subject, such as Ryser [1] (which I still think is the most seductive introduction to combinatorics), Hall [2], and more recent ones such as Cameron-Van Lint [1] on groups and designs, and Blake-Mullin [1] on coding theory, whereas no compre hensive book exists on (a) and (b).Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 492 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Can the art of predictive medicine anticipate the development of diabetes And if so, what can be done about it How early is early enough to intervene effectively With what therapeutic modality Why Big babies are not an infrequent occurrence in mothers with normal carbohydrate metabolism for another 10, 20, or even 30 years. The abnor mality present during pregnancy is now accepted as what is inherited with the diabetic predisposition, or what can be recognized as the diabetic susceptibility. It occurs before hyperglycemia, during the phase of dy namic resistance to diabetes, during the prediabetic period. Prediabetes means before diabetes, and was applied for the first time by Mara~on in Spain, to signify the stage before hyperglycemia. Foglia in Argentina used the term in 1944 for his pancreatectomized rats. We pub lished the first paper on humans in 1951 (Camerini-Davalos, R.A., Landabure, P., and Serantes, N., Rev Med Cordoba 39: 187).Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 436 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -I am pI eased to present to the readers the Proceedings of the Second International Congress on Myocardial and Cellular Bioenerge tics and Compartmentation which was held in Los Angeles during February 16-18, 1984. I would I ike to express my deep appreciation to all those who have encouraged us to hold the Second International Congress. This endeavor could not have been possible without the generous finan cial support of the following: The American Society for Magnesium Research, The University of Southern California Department of Con tinuing Medical Education, Alpha Therapeutics, ALSEB Scientific Products, The American Physiological Society, Ciba-Geigy Corpora tion, Victor Gura, M.D., Merck Sharp and Dohme, Phosphoenergetics, Stuart Pharmaceuticals, and the Upjohn Company. A note of special thanks goes to Samuel Bessman, M.D., who has been a source of constant support and encouragement for this Con gress and for my research endeavors. Nachman Brautbar vii CONTENTS I. HICROCOMPARTHENTATION AND ENERGY TRANSPORT: The Physiological Significance of the Creatine Phosphate Shuttle . . . . . . . . . . . .Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 696 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -In 1960, Dr. Van R. Potter and Dr. Henry Pitot (at McCardle Laboratory in Madison, Wisconsin), Dr. Tetsuo Ono (then at McCardle Laboratory and now at the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research in Tokyo, Japan) and Dr. Harold P. Morris (then at the National Cancer Institute and now at Howard University, Washington, D. C. ) decided that an experimental cancer model would be an invaluable tool to examine neoplastic changes in cells. Since they were study ing the various highly specific metabolic processes which are unique to liver tissues, they determined that a transplantable liver cancer model would be the ideal system to work with. This system would provide for comparison of normal liver tissue of the non-tumor bear ing animal, the tumor bearing animal's (host) liver and the liver cancer. Dr. Morris undertook a series of rat studies employing several chemicals known to cause liver cancer. Soon the first Morris hepatomas (#3683, 3924A, 5123) were being studied by several labs. During the next 18 years, Dr. Morris developed and transplanted numerous strains of hepatomas of which no two were identical. These tumors ranged from the very slowly-growing, highly differentiated cancer tissues, e. g. , 96l8A which is a diploid tumor containing gly cogen and a 'nearly normal' complement of enzymes, to a large group of rapidly-growing, poorly differentiated cancer tissues, e. g.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 788 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Some time ago a group of present and former collaborators of Professor John O'M. Bock ris, following a suggestion by Professor J. D. Mackenzie (Los Angeles), conceived the idea of an International Symposium devoted to reviewing the active and developing aspects of the science of electrochemistry. From this beginning has sprung the 'Electrochemistry Symposium-The Past Thirty and the Next Thirty Years,' which took place at Imperial College, London, from April 3-6, 1975. The plan for this symposium is unusual, since it features pairs of invited addresses, one to summarize the 'state of the art' and the other to suggest directions for future re search in particular aspects of electrochemistry. This volume of proceedings gives these papers in their fmal, considered, and fully referenced form, arranged in the sequence of their delivery at the symposium. Also in cluded are introductory addresses given by Professor Ubbelohde, Professor Frumkin, Dr. Egan, and Dr. Inman. Both aspects of nearly every topic, plus the discussions, are integrated in a Report or Summary. A synopsis of the matters raised at the symposium and prepared by Professor John O'M. Bockris closes this volume. The cooperation of Plenum Press, New York, is gratefully acknowledged.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 468 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Second order equations with nonnegative characteristic form constitute a new branch of the theory of partial differential equations, having arisen within the last 20 years, and having undergone a particularly intensive development in recent years. An equation of the form (1) is termed an equation of second order with nonnegative characteristic form on a set G, kj if at each point x belonging to G we have a (xHk~j ~ 0 for any vector ~ = (~l' . '~m)' In equation (1) it is assumed that repeated indices are summed from 1 to m, and x = (x l' ¿¿¿ , x ). Such equations are sometimes also called degenerating m elliptic equations or elliptic-parabolic equations. This class of equations includes those of elliptic and parabolic types, first order equations, ultraparabolic equations, the equations of Brownian motion, and others. The foundation of a general theory of second order equations with nonnegative characteristic form has now been established, and the purpose of this book is to pre sent this foundation. Special classes of equations of the form (1), not coinciding with the well-studied equations of elliptic or parabolic type, were investigated long ago, particularly in the paper of Picone [105], published some 60 years ago.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 268 pp. Englisch.