Comb-Shaped Polymers and Liquid Crystals - Brossura

Platé, N.A.; Shibaev, V.P.

Brossura

ISBN 10: 1461290821 ISBN 13: 9781461290827

Casa editrice: Springer, 2011

Riassunto

to the American Edition We are pleased that our modest work, published some time ago in Russian in Moscow* and which attracted the attention of polymer specialists,t will now be available to the EngJish­ speaking audience of scientists - chemists, physicists, and technologists engaged in creating new types of polymer materi­ als for modern technology and working on the fundamental prob­ lems of the solid-state physics and structure of polymer- due to the initiative of Plenum Press. In polymer science, the 1980s were marked by the birth of a new field and a new scientific trend related to the dis­ covery and study of a previously unknown class of polymers thermotropic liquid-crystalline polymers - and the further development of the fundamental theoretical concepts of the liquid-crystalline (mesomorphic) state of macromolecular com­ pounds. This state is a phase state in thermodynamic equi­ librium characterized by the anisotropy of the structure and properties as a result of one-dimensional or two-dimensional ordering. Such systems have an ordered but simultaneously labile structure which can easily be altered by mechanical, electrical, or magnetic fields; the polymer system then acquires unique physical and optical properties. These prop­ erties, which are acquired in the liquid-crvstalline state, are then fixed in the solid at the operating temperatures. *N. A. Plate and V. P. Shibaev. Comb-Shaped Polymers and Li­ quid Crystals [in RussianJ. Khimiya, Moscow (1980). tSee the review of this book by H. Mark in J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Lett. Ed. , 20, 139 (L982).

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Contenuti

1 Structure of Comb-Shaped Polymers.- 1.1. Early Studies.- 1.2. The Amorphous State.- 1.3. The Crystalline State of Isotactic Poly(l-alkyl ethylene)s, Poly(l-alkyl ethylene oxide)s, and Poly(alkyl aldehyde)s.- 1.4. The Rotational-Crystalline State.- 1.4.1. Hexagonal Packing.- 1.4.2. d Spacings. Single- and Two-Layer Packing of the Side Chains.- 1.4.3. Heats of Fusion, Length of Crystallizable Sequences of Units, and Convergence Temperature.- 1.5. Crystallization of Comb-Shaped Copolymers.- 1.6. Supermolecular Structure.- References.- 2 Molecular Mobility in Comb-Shaped Polymers.- 2.1. Effect of the Phase State on the Relaxation Properties.- 2.1.1. Polyethylene and Isotactic Poly(l-alkyl ethylene)s.- 2.1.2. Amorphous Comb-Shaped Polymers.- 2.1.3. Crystalline Comb-Shaped Polymers.- 2.1.4. Concluding Comments.- 2.2. Rheological Properties of Comb-Shaped Poly(alkyl acrylate)s and Poly(l-alkyl ethylene)s.- References.- 3 Comb-Shaped Macromolecules in Solutions and Intramolecular Interactions.- 3.1. Optical Anisotropy.- 3.2. Conformational State and Intramolecular Mobility.- 3.3. Unperturbed Dimensions of the Macromolecules.- 3.4. Gel Formation in Solutions of Comb-Shaped Polymers.- References.- 4 Thermotropic Liquid-Crystalline Polymers.- 4.1. General Information on the Formation and Structure of Low-Molecular-Weight Liquid Crystals.- 4.2. The Liquid-Crystalline State in Linear Polymers.- 4.3. Synthesis of Liquid-Crystalline Polymers with Mesogenic Side Groups and Some Features of the Formation of Mesophases.- 4.4. Comb-Shaped Liquid-Crystalline Polymers.- 4.5. Features of the Properties of Thermotropic Liquid-Crystalline Polymers Correlated with Their Macromolecular Nature.- 4.6. Theory of the Liquid-Crystalline Ordering of Melts of Linear and Branched Macromolecules with Mesogenic Groups in the Main and Side Chains.- 4.7. Mechanisms of the Formation and Properties of the Smectic, Nematic, and Cholesteric Mesophases of Liquid-Crystalline Polymers with Mesogenic Side Groups.- 4.7.1. Smectic Mesophases.- 4.7.1.1. Chemical Structure and Thermal Properties.- 4.7.1.2. Structure of Smectic Mesophases.- 4.7.1.2.a. SA Mesophases.- 4.7.1.2.b. SB, SE, and SF Mesophases and Other Types of Structures with Translationally Ordered Groups in Layers.- 4.7.1.2.c. SC Mesophases.- 4.7.1.3. Some General Comments on the Structure of Smectic Polymers.- 4.7.2. Nematic Mesophase.- 4.7.3. Comparison of Some Properties of Smectic and Nematic Liquid-Crystalline Polymers.- 4.7.3.1. Homopolymers.- 4.7.3.1.a. The Order Parameter.- 4.7.3.1.b. Rheological Properties.- 4.7.3.1.c. Molecular Mobility in the Solid State.- 4.7.3.2. Copolymers.- 4.7.3.2.a. Copolymers of Mesogenic and Nonmesogenic Monomers.- 4.7.3.2.b. Copolymers of Two Mesogenic Monomers.- 4.7.4. The Cholesteric Mesophase.- 4.7.4.1. Optical Properties.- 4.7.4.2. The Structure of Cholesteric Polymers.- 4.8. Behavior of Liquid-Crystalline Polymers in Electrical and Magnetic Fields.- 4.8.1. Orientational Effects.- 4.8.1.1. The Concept of Electro- and Magnetooptical Effects in Low- Molecular -Weight Liquid Crystals..- 4.8.1.2. Comb-Shaped Liquid-Crystalline Polymers.- 4.8.1.2.a. The Fredericks Transition (S Effect).- 4.8.1.2.b. Orientation in a Magnetic Field.- 4.8.1.2.c. The "Guest—Host" Effect.- 4.8.1.2.d. Optical Recording of Information (Thermal Addressing).- 4.8.1.2.e. The Structural Transition Induced by an Electric Field.- 4.8.2. Electrohydrodynamic Effects.- 4.9. Behavior of Liquid-Crystalline Polymers with Mesogenic Side Groups in Dilute Solutions.- References.

Su questa edizione

• Editore: Springer
• Data di pubblicazione: 2011
• ISBN 10: 1461290821
• ISBN 13: 9781461290827
• Rilegatura: Copertina flessibile
• Numero di pagine: 428