Bioceramics: Materials · Properties · Applications - Rilegato

Krajewski, A.; Ravaglioli, A.

Rilegato

ISBN 10: 0412349604 ISBN 13: 9780412349607

Casa editrice: Springer-Verlag GmbH, 1991

Riassunto

This comprehensive reference work deals with the use of ceramic materials for surgical implantation. The environment in which the materials function is covered, including bone physiology and dynamics of locomotive processes, as well as the interaction of the materials with tissues. The ways in which surgical operations are conducted are described together with the regulations concerning the materials' properties. The details provided of the chemical, physical and technological properties of the ceramic materials should enable the selection of the most appropriate material for a particular application. An interdisciplinary approach is taken so that the book should be of value to all those involved with biomaterials, including orthopaedic and facial surgeons, dentists and cardiologists as well as bioengineers and manufacturers of implants.

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Contenuti

1 A historical and philosophical outline and prospects for the application of biomaterials.- 1.1 Historical survey.- 1.2 Social and philosophical reasons for the interest in this sector.- 1.3 Problems in replacing parts of the human body.- 1.4 Prospects for skeletal substitution.- 1.5 Attempts at bone reconstruction by using bioactive ceramics.- 1.6 Application of bioceramics to plastic surgery.- 2 Physical properties and physiology of bone.- 2.1 The nature of bone.- 2.2 Physiology of bone.- 2.3 Ordinary bone remodelling and bone restoring mechanisms.- 2.4 Bone transplantation.- 2.5 Specific physical properties of bone.- 2.6 Mechanical resistance of bone.- 2.7 Viscoelastic behaviour of bone.- 2.8 Piezoelectricity of bone.- 2.9 Materials and piezoelectric stimulation.- 2.10 Supposed thermoluminescent activity of bone.- 2.11 Characteristics of the composition of bone.- 3 Survey of the physics of the locomotion of the human body.- 3.1 General.- 3.2 A study of stress distribution on some important joints of the human body.- 4 General problems connected with the use of biomaterials.- 4.1 Fixing methods.- 4.2 Comments on the experience acquired of the response of ceramics currently used in orthopaedics.- 4.3 The problem of wear: mechanisms and recent developments.- 5 Compatibility between bioceramics and the physiological environment.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Hostility of the biological environment.- 5.3 Ceramic/tissue interface.- 5.4 Tissue responses.- 5.5 Problems in determining the compatibility of biomaterials.- 5.6 Encapsulation of implants.- 5.7 Some physical factors influencing the acceptance of synthetic materials as tissue implants.- 5.8 Some evaluations of the biological fitness of bioactive ceramic materials.- 5.9 The role of debris.- 5.10 Thrombogenic dangers of materials in contact with blood.- 5.11 Treatment of the surface of ceramics by coating of prostheses.- 5.12 Proposal for an indirect investigation based on the thermal properties of bone.- 6 Materials for surgical use.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 General discussion of various biomaterials.- 6.3 Ceramics.- 7 Glasses and ceramics as coatings for massive supports.- 7.1 The metallic support.- 7.2 Techniques for application of ceramic or glassy coating to metals.- 7.3 Metal/glass interface.- 7.4 Plasma spraying.- 7.5 Other crystalline coating materials as substitutes for Al2O3.- 7.6 Technique of measurement of the mechanic stresses on coatings.- 8 Shape and mechanical resistance.- 8.1 Survey of physico-mechanical behaviour.- 8.2 Main manufacturing methods.- 8.3 Mechanical design in ceramics.- 8.4 The shaping project.- 9 Range of application of ceramic prostheses for surgical implants.- 9.1 Knee joint replacement.- 9.2 Substitution in the hip region.- 9.3 Bulk alumina.- 9.4 Cardovascular materials and implants.- 10 Current mechanical-testing devices as simulators of properties under dynamic movement.- 10.1 General principles.- 10.2 Analysis of the forces and movements involved at the human hip and at the knee joint.- 10.3 Types of equipment for tribological investigation.- 10.4 Joint simulator.- 10.5 Assessment of roughness.- 10.6 Assessment of breaking load.- 10.7 Hardness tests.- 10.8 Fatigue tests by cycling-load simulator devices.- 10.9 Radiotelemetric devices for the evaluation of the clinical course of implants and sutures.- 11 Maxillofacial implants.- 11.1 Dental implants.- 11.2 Ear prostheses.- 11.3 Fillers.- 12 Fixing of the prosthesis to the skeletal part.- 12.1 Mechanical locking.- 12.2 Biological interlocking.- 12.3 Implant/bone-tissue interface.- 13 Approach to biocompatibility tests.- 13.1 Compatibility tests in general.- 13.2 Evaluation of specific biological compatibilities.- 13.3 Attempts at eliminating bacterial infection.- 14 International standardization of measurement procedures.- 14.1 Generalities.- 14.2 Classification criteria for the organization of standardized tests.- 14.3 Critical discussion of biocompatibility tests.- 14.4 Methods of evaluation of the bone/prosthesis interface.- 14.5 Introduction to the tests for the mechanical characterization of biomaterials.- 14.6 Standardization of the dimensions of sample prostheses.- 14.7 An example of standardized evaluation of the performance of a material: the case of Al2O3.- 14.8 Microstructure.- 14.9 Behaviour of a material under wear.- 14.10 Tests to evaluate the corrosion of a product under fatigue.- 14.11 Mechanical strength.- 14.12 Compressive strength.- 14.13 Bending tests.- 14.14 Measurement of elastic and anelastic deformation.- 14.15 Electro-acoustic instruments used to measure elastic modulus and internal friction.- 14.16 Measurement of internal friction.- 14.17 Resistance to chemical corrosion.- 14.18 Microhardness.- 14.19 Aspects of the qualitative testing of some ceramic manufactures of biomedical use.- 14.20 Problems relative to the thermal expansion coefficient.- 14.21 Thermal expansion of glasses.- 14.22 Progress report on the regulation governing the bioceramics for prosthetic uses.- 14.23 A few words on the regulation governing the biological acceptability of materials manufactured into products.- Appendix A.- Appendix B.- Appendix C.

Product Description

Book by Ravaglioli A Krajewski A

Dettagli dell'edizione

• Editore: Springer-Verlag GmbH
• Data di pubblicazione: 1991
• Lingua: Inglese
• ISBN 10: 0412349604
• ISBN 13: 9780412349607
• Rilegatura: Copertina rigida
• Numero di pagine: 442
• Contatto del produttore: non disponibile
• Persona responsabile: CMN Printpool Inh. Mathis Neumann; https://www.also.com/ec/cms5/en_6000/6000/index.jsp; ; Friedrich-Karl-Str. 9; Hamburg; Germania