In April 1922, we find Einstein lecturing in Paris, engaged in reestablishing ties among scientists in former enemy nations. Meanwhile, back in Berlin, political tensions are rising. In June, the brutal murder of his friend, Germany's foreign minister, Walther Rathenau, heavily affects Einstein who, for a while, fears for his own safety and briefly contemplates leaving Berlin and abandoning academic life altogether. When only a few months later it is announced that he will be awarded the Nobel Prize, after more than a decade of nominations, Einstein is on a steamer heading from Europe to Japan. As we learn in this volume, although he knew in advance of the coming prize, he nevertheless embarked on his longest voyage yet. His travel diary, published here for the first time, recounts in poetic prose the hectic schedule on land, the contemplative rest at sea, and his musings on science, philosophy, and art during his first encounter with the Far East, Palestine, and Spain.
Einstein's work and intense scientific exchanges--with N. Bohr, P. Ehrenfest, A. Sommerfeld, M. Born, and others--during these fifteen months result in remarkable publications and intellectual developments. A paper written with Ehrenfest shows with uncompromising clarity that the outcome of the recent Stern-Gerlach experiment could not be explained by either classical or quantum theory. In a similar vein, he analyzes the phenomenon of superconductivity. Clearly among the leading quantum theorists, he focuses on its conceptual bases, tirelessly proposing crucial experiments that could decide between classical and quantum physics. We also see foundational interests develop in his concerns with a unified field theory of electromagnetism and gravitation.
Im April 1922 besucht Einstein Paris. Er berichtet dort über seine Theorie, und pflegt--vermittelnd zwischen den Wissenschaftlern der noch verfeindeten Nationen--alte und neue Freundschaften. Daheim in Berlin kulminieren die politischen Spannungen im Juni mit der brutalen Ermordung des deutschen Aussenministers, Walther Rathenau. Der Tod seines Freundes erschüttert Einstein tief. Er überlegt sich, Berlin zu verlassen, da er auch um sein eigenes Leben fürchtet, und erwägt für eine Weile sogar, sich aus dem akademischen Leben ganz zurückzuziehen. Als ihn einige Monate später die Nachricht erreicht, dass er den Nobelpreis erhalten hat, befindet sich Einstein auf einer Seereise nach Japan. Seit mehr als zehn Jahren war er für den Preis vorgeschlagen worden. Wie dieser Band dokumentiert, trat Einstein die Reise an, obwohl er von der bevorstehenden Verleihung informiert wurde. In seinem Reisetagebuch, hier zum ersten Mal publiziert, erzählt Einstein von der beschaulichen Ruhe auf See und der Hektik seiner Besuche an Land. Bisweilen mit poetischen Worten reflektiert Einstein hier über Wissenschaft, Philosophie und Kunst während dieser ersten Begegnungen mit dem Fernen Osten, Palästina und Spanien.
Einsteins wissenschaftliche Arbeit und sein intensiver Austausch, u.a. mit N. Bohr, P. Ehrenfest, A. Sommerfeld, M. Born, führen zu bemerkenswerten Publikationen und Entwicklungen. Eine gemeinsam mit Ehrenfest verfasste Arbeit über das jüngst publizierte Experiment von Stern und Gerlach zeigt mit unerbitterlicher Klarheit, dass der experimentelle Befund mit keiner der zeitgenössischen Vorstellungen, seien sie klassisch oder quantentheoretisch, erklärt werden kann. In ähnlichem Sinne analysiert Einstein das Phänomen der Supraleitung. Unbestritten einer der führenden Vertreter der Quantentheorie fokussiert Einstein sein Interesse auf die begrifflichen Grundlagen. Unermüdlich ersinnt er Experimente, die zwischen klassischen und quantentheoretischen Erklärungsmodellen entscheiden sollen. Gleichzeitig und darüber hinausgehend entwickeln sich seine Interessen an den Grundlagen der Physik in dem weiteren Bemühen um eine vereinheitlichte Theorie des elektromagnetischen und des Gravitationsfeldes.
A translati
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At the California Institute of Technology, Diana Kormos Buchwald is professor of history; József Illy, Ze'ev Rosenkranz, and Tilman Sauer are senior researchers in history.
At the California Institute of Technology, Diana Kormos Buchwald is professor of history; József Illy, Ze'ev Rosenkranz, and Tilman Sauer are senior researchers in history.
Le informazioni nella sezione "Su questo libro" possono far riferimento a edizioni diverse di questo titolo.
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