The Particle Century - Rilegato

Rilegato

ISBN 10: 0750305436 ISBN 13: 9780750305433

Casa editrice: CRC Press, 1998

Riassunto

From the first attempts to split the atom to the discovery of the top quark, the 20th century has witnessed a revolution in basic physics. Probing successively smaller constituents of matter has also revealed the conditions present at the time of the Big Bang. In a series of essays by scientists who have been closely involved in this exciting research, The Particle Century describes the unprecedented advances in our understanding of the universe. The book covers major historical developments as well as current advances, including early accelerator physics, the rise of the Standard Model, new comprehension of the big bang theory, and the cutting edge of today's investigations. These essays add novel insight into the continuing efforts to unravel the deepest secrets of nature.

Su questo libro

L'autore

Gordon Fraser

Contenuti

FROM THE ASHES
The post-World War II period
Decommissioning the Manhattan project
Big science
The establishment of major laboratories and new research infrastructure in the US, the USSR, and Europe

COSMIC RAIN
The discovery of new particles in cosmic rays
Historical introduction and post-World War II achievements (pion, muon, strange particles)
Recent developments

FIRST ACCELERATOR FRUITS
Particle beams and early detectors
The discoveries of particle resonances in the 1950s and early 1960s, leading up to the discovery of the omega-minus in 1963
The bubble chamber

THE 3-QUARK PICTURE
The need for an underlying picture
SU3 and mathematical techniques
The quark model

PROTON STRUCTURE
The 1967 SLAC experiment
Partons, scaling, and quarks

GAUGE THEORY
Field theory
Yang-Mills schemes
Different scenarios
Spontaneous symmetry breaking and the Higgs mechanism
Calculations and renormalizability
Asymptotic freedom

UNEXPECTED WINDFALL
Electron-positron collider physics
New particles in the early 1970s
The fourth quark and tau-lepton

WEAK INTERACTIONS
Parity violation
The role of the neutrino
Its discovery
Neutrino types
Universality
The (V-A) structure of the weak interaction
The discovery of neutral currents
Neutrinos as a physics tool

THE WEAK FORCE CARRIERS
Initial searches for the W
The implications of the neutral current discovery
Proton-antiproton collisions
The lead-up to and discovery of the W and Z particles

QUARK MATRIX
Quark transitions
The Cabibbo and Kobayashi-Maskawa schemes
CP-violation
The emergence of B physics
Future goals

QUARK GLUE
Quark dynamics
Gluon phenomena
Quantum chromodynamics effects

THE STANDARD MODEL
Six quarks and six leptons
Precision measurements
Implications for the top quark
Searching for the Higgs

THE TOP QUARK
Hunting and disentangling the top quark

BEYOND THE STANDARD MODEL
Unifying electroweak and quark forces
Supersymmetry
Grand unification

THE TOOLS 1: ACCELERATORS
Historical introduction
Post-World War II scene
Personalities
Electron and proton machines
Colliding beams versus fixed targets
Superconductivity
Major machines of the world
The demise of the SSC
The future

THE TOOLS 2: DETECTORS
Looking at particles
Historical introduction
The rise and fall of optical techniques
Electronic detectors
Colliders and the requirement for full solid-angle coverage
The "typical" detector
Triggering
Data handling
Spinoff applications

ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
The synthesis of micro- and macrophysics
Big Bang overview

BIG BANG DYNAMICS
Inflation, microwave background radiation, galaxy formation

ASTRONOMY
The interplay of ground-based and space-borne platforms
COBE, Hubble
New telescopes

OUTLOOK

Dettagli dell?edizione

• Editore: CRC Press
• Data di pubblicazione: 1998
• ISBN 10: 0750305436
• ISBN 13: 9780750305433
• Rilegatura: Copertina rigida
• Lingua: Inglese
• Numero edizione: 1
• Numero di pagine: 266
• Redattore: Fraser G