The theory of inconsistency has been growing steadily over the last two decades. One focus has been philosophical issues arising from the paradoxes of set theory and semantics. A second focus has been the study of paraconsistent or inconsistency-tolerant logics. A third focus has been the application of paraconsistent logics to problems in artificial intelligence. This book focuses on a fourth aspect: the construction of mathematical theories in which contradictions occur, and the investigation of their properties. The inconsistent approach provides a distinctive perspective on the various number systems, order differential and integral calculus, discontinuous changes, inconsistent systems of linear equations, projective geometry, topology and category theory. The final chapter outlines several known results concerning paradoxes in the foundations of set theory and semantics. The book begins with an informal chapter which summarizes the main results nontechnically, and draws philosophical implications from them. This volume should be of interest to advanced undergraduates, graduate students and professionals in the areas of logic, philosophy, mathematics and theoretical computer science.
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One: Motivations. Two: Arithmetic. Three: Modulo Infinity. Four: Order. Five: Calculus. Six: Inconsistent Continuous Functions. Seven: The Delta Function. Eight: Inconsistent Systems of Linear Equations. Nine: Projective Spaces. Ten: Topology. Eleven: Category Theory; (with P. Lavers.) Twelve: Closed Set Sheaves and their Categories; (W. James.) Thirteen: Duality. Fourteen: Foundations: Provability, Truth and Sets; (with J. Cole.) Bibliography. Index of Definitions and Names.
Book by Mortensen CE
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Da: BuchWeltWeit Ludwig Meier e.K., Bergisch Gladbach, Germania
Buch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -without a properly developed inconsistent calculus based on infinitesimals, then in consistent claims from the history of the calculus might well simply be symptoms of confusion. This is addressed in Chapter 5. It is further argued that mathematics has a certain primacy over logic, in that paraconsistent or relevant logics have to be based on inconsistent mathematics. If the latter turns out to be reasonably rich then paraconsistentism is vindicated; while if inconsistent mathematics has seri ous restriytions then the case for being interested in inconsistency-tolerant logics is weakened. (On such restrictions, see this chapter, section 3. ) It must be conceded that fault-tolerant computer programming (e. g. Chapter 8) finds a substantial and important use for paraconsistent logics, albeit with an epistemological motivation (see this chapter, section 3). But even here it should be noted that if inconsistent mathematics turned out to be functionally impoverished then so would inconsistent databases. 2. Summary In Chapter 2, Meyer's results on relevant arithmetic are set out, and his view that they have a bearing on G8del's incompleteness theorems is discussed. Model theory for nonclassical logics is also set out so as to be able to show that the inconsistency of inconsistent theories can be controlled or limited, but in this book model theory is kept in the background as much as possible. This is then used to study the functional properties of various equational number theories. 172 pp. Englisch. Codice articolo 9780792331865
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