Naive Semantics for Natural Language Understanding: 58 - Rilegato

Dahlgren, Kathleen

Rilegato

ISBN 10: 0898382874 ISBN 13: 9780898382877

Casa editrice: Springer-Verlag GmbH, 1988

Riassunto

This book introduces a theory, Naive Semantics (NS), a theory of the knowledge underlying natural language understanding. The theory of NS, in identifying word meanings with commonsense knowledge, sees word meanings as typical descriptions of classes of objects, rather than as criterial descriptions.

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Contenuti

I. Naive Semantics.- 1. Naive Semantics.- 1.1. Using Naive Semantics to Interpret “The Programmer”.- 1.2. Compositional Semantics.- 1.3. The Classical Theory of Word Meaning.- 1.4. Word Meanings as Concepts.- 1.5. Other Decompositional Approaches.- 1.6. Computational Approaches to Word Meaning.- 1.7. Naive Semantics.- 1.8. Basis of Naive Semantics in Cognitive Psychology.- 1.9. Comparison of NS with Computational Models.- 1.10. Limitations of NS.- 1.11. Organization of the Book.- 2. Noun Representation.- 2.1. The Ontological Schema.- 2.2. Mathematical Properties of the Ontology.- 2.3. Ontological Categories.- 2.4. Nominal Terminal Nodes.- 2.5. Construction of the Ontology.- 2.6. Other Ontologies.- 2.7. Generic Knowledge.- 2.8. Word Senses.- 2.9. Feature Types.- 2.10. Conclusion.- 3. Kinds, Kind Terms and Cognitive Categories.- 3.1. The Realist Basis of NS and Kind Terms.- 3.2. Kind Types.- 3.3. Kind Types as Metasorts.- 3.4. Another Approach.- 3.5. Summary.- 4. Verb Representation.- 4.1. Ontological Representation.- 4.2. Placing Verbs in the Main Ontology.- 4.3. Sub-Classification of the TEMPORAL/RELATIONAL Node.- 4.4. The Vendler Verb Classification.- 4.5. Psycholinguistic Categories.- 4.6. Cross-Classification.- 4.7. Parallel Ontologies.- 4.8. Non-Categorial Features.- 4.9. Generic Representation.- 4.10. Feature Types Associated with Relational Terms.- 4.11. Conclusion.- 5. The Functioning of the Kind Types System.- 5.1. Complete and Incomplete Knowledge.- 5.2. Queries to the System.- Inspecting the Textual Database.- Inspecting the Ontology.- Inspecting the Generic Database.- Inspecting Feature Types.- 5.3. Anaphors.- 5.4. PP Attachment.- 5.5. Word Sense Disambiguation.- 5.6. Discourse Reasoning.- 5.7. Kind Types Reasoning.- 5.8. Summary of Inference Mechanism.- 6. Prepositional Phrase Disambiguation.- 6.1. Semantically Implausible Syntactic Ambiguities.- 6.2. Using Commonsense Knowledge to Disambiguate.- 6.3. Commonsense Knowledge used in the Preference Strategy.- Ontological Class of Object of the Preposition.- Ontological Class of The Direct Object.- Ontological Class of Verb.- Generic Information.- Syntax.- 6.4. Success Rate of the Preference Strategy.- 6.5. Implementation.- 6.6. Other Approaches.- 6.7. Conclusion.- 7. Word Sense Disambiguation.- 7.1. Approaches to Word Sense Disambiguation.- 7.2. Local Combined Ambiguity Reduction.- 7.3. Test of Hypothesis.- 7.4. Noun Disambiguation.- Fixed and Frequent Phrases.- Syntactic Tests.- Commonsense Knowledge.- 7.5. Verb Sense Disambiguation.- Frequent Phrases in Verb Disambiguation.- Syntactic Tests in Verb Disambiguation.- Commonsense in Verb Disambiguation.- 7.6. Interaction of Ambiguous Verb and Noun.- 7.7. Feasibility of the Method.- 7.8. Syntactic and Lexical Ambiguity.- 7.9. Intersentential Reasoning.- 7.10. Disambiguation Rules.- 7.11. Efficiency and Timing.- 7.12. Problems for the Method.- 7.13. Other Approaches.- 7.14. Conclusion.- 8. Discourse Coherence.- 8.1. Background.- Coherence Relations.- Discourse Segments.- Genre-Relativity of Discourse Structure.- The Commentary Genre.- Compendium of Discourse Relations.- 8.2. Modularity and Discourse.- Modelling the Recipient.- Discourse Events.- Coherence as Compositional Semantics?.- Coherence as Naive Inference.- Discourse Cues.- Parallelism.- Facts Explained by the Parallel, Modular Model.- 8.3. Syntactic and Semantic Tests for Discourse Relations.- Main Clause.- Not Nominalized.- Active voice.- Tense and Aspect.- Transitivity Test.- Weak Predictions of Coherence Relations.- 8.4. Parallelism in Coherence Exemplified.- Using Commonsense Knowledge to Segment Discourse.- Empirical Study of Discourse Hierarchy.- 8.5. Other Models.- 8.6. Conclusion.- References.

Product Description

Book by Dahlgren Kathleen

Dettagli dell'edizione

• Editore: Springer-Verlag GmbH
• Data di pubblicazione: 1988
• Lingua: Inglese
• ISBN 10: 0898382874
• ISBN 13: 9780898382877
• Rilegatura: Copertina rigida
• Numero di pagine: 258
• Contatto del produttore: non disponibile
• Persona responsabile: ProductSafety@springernature.com; ProductSafety@springernature.com; ; Poststr. 9; Darmstadt; 64293; Germania