Sinossi
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1922 Excerpt: ...magnetisation is not to be expected in a gas; and even should perfect alignment of the molecular magnets occur, the resulting field would be only a small fraction of that (greater than 1000 Gauss) required to account for the observed curvatures. This suggestion therefore does not help us. If the writer's explanation of the spiral tracks is the correct one, it is of great interest. For it means that the electron acts as a tiny magnet as well as an electric charge, and that it is a dynamical system, which, by nutational or elastic oscillations, may radiate energy even though separate from an atom. 'Cf. e.g. Barkla and White, Phil. Mag. 34, 278 (1917). A. H. Compton, Phil. Mag. 41, 757 (1921). C. T. R. Wilson, Proc. Roy. Soc. 87, 289 (1912). Cf. A. H. Compton, Phil. Mag. 41, 279 (1921). A. H. Compton, ibid., and Frank. Inst. Journ. p. 154 Aug. (1921). J. L. Glasson, Nature, 108, 421 (Nov. 24, 1921). III. The Absorpt1on Of X-rays If radiation in traversing a thin layer of substance is reduced in intensity by a constant fraction n per centimeter of the substance traversed, the intensity of the radiation after penetrating to a depth x is where 70 is the intensity at the surface. The quantity n is called the "absorption coefficient." Similarly n/p, the "mass absorption coefficient," is the fraction of a beam 1 cm.2 cross section absorbed per gram of substance traversed; and n/v, the "atomic absorption coefficient," where v is the number of atoms per cm.,3 is the fraction of such a beam absorbed by each atom of the substance. In order to obtain consistent results in the absorption measurements, the beam of X-rays passing through the absorbing material must be narrow, and the opening into the ionization chamber small, so that no appreci...
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