Library of Universal Knowledge (Volume 3); A Reprint of the Last (1880) Edinburgh and London Edition of Chambers' Encyclopaedia, with Copious Additions by American Editors - Brossura

Brossura

ISBN 10: 123516070X ISBN 13: 9781235160707

Riassunto

This historic book may have numerous typos, missing text, images, or index. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. 1880. Not illustrated. Excerpt: ... the compound in the form of a hydrate." Thus, using the new nomenclature and atomic weights, nitric acid and sodic hydrate, yield sodic nitrate and water-- Nitrioacid. Sodic hydrate. Sodic nitrate. Water, or, N03H + NaOn = NO.Na + H,0. • in which reaction the hydrogen of the nitric acid is displaced by the sodium of the sodic hydrate (or soda), and as only one atom of hydrogen is displaced, nitric acid is said to be monobasic. When an acid admits of the displacement of two atoms of hydrogen, it is termed dibasic--as tartaric, oxalic, and, according to recent views, sulphuric acid; and when lliree atoms can be replaced--as in the case of common phosphoric acid, H3P04, in which II3 may be displaced by K3 or Ag3, the acid is termed tribasic. The nomenclature of the compounds of acids with bases is still unfixed. The names of the alkali-metals (potassium, sodium, and lithium) and alkaline-earth metals (barium, calcium, etc.) are now commonly substituted for those of their oxides in the nomenclature of the corresponding oxygen salts--as, for example, carbonate of sodium and sulphate of calcium for carbonate of soda and sulphate of lime. The names of these bodies are thus brought into uniformity with those of the salts of iron, copper, etc. In Watts' Dictionary and Frankland's Lecture Notes such compounds are denominated sodic carbonate, calcic sulphate, sodic nitrate, etc.; and these terms will doubtless soon be generally adopted for the metallic salts of the oxygen-acids generally. The nomenclature of complex inorganic bodies is founded, for the most part, on the theory of types, the names of particular compounds being obtained from the name of the type by prefixing to it adjectives which express the nature of the element by which the hydrogen of the ...

Dettagli dell?edizione

• ISBN 10: 123516070X
• ISBN 13: 9781235160707
• Rilegatura: Copertina flessibile
• Lingua: Inglese