The Science of Psychology: An Appreciative View - Brossura

King, Laura

Brossura

ISBN 10: 1259060578 ISBN 13: 9781259060571

Casa editrice: McGraw-Hill Education, 2013

Riassunto

When things go right for students...things go right for instructors! Focusing on why things go right, The Science of Psychology: An Appreciation View, Third Edition, helps students understand and appreciate psychology as a science and as an integrated whole. Informed by student data, the third edition's program extends these themes and enhances their pedagogical value by guiding students toward topics they find the most challenging and then offering new learning resources to help students master them.

Su questo libro

L'autore:

Laura King did her undergraduate work at Kenyon College, where, an English major, she declared a second major, in psychology, during the second semester of her junior year. She completed her A.B. in English with high honors and distinction and in psychology with distinction in 1986. Laura then did graduate work at Michigan State University and the University of California, Davis, receiving her Ph.D. in personality psychology in 1991.Laura began her career at Southern Methodist University in Dallas, moving to the University of Missouri, Columbia, in 2001, where she is now a professor. In addition to seminars in the development of character, social psychology, and personality psychology, she has taught undergraduate lecture courses in introductory psychology, introduction to personality psychology, and social psychology. At SMU, she received six different teaching awards, including the M award for sustained excellence in 1999. At the University of Missouri, she received the Chancellors Award for Outstanding Research and Creative Activity in 2004.Her research, which has been funded by the National Institutes for Mental Health, has focused on a variety of topics relevant to the question of what it is that makes for a good life. She has studied goals, life stories, happiness, well-being, and meaning in life. In general, her work reflects an enduring interest in studying what is good and healthy in people. In 2001, her research accomplishments were recognized by a Templeton Prize in positive psychology. Lauras research (often in collaboration with undergraduate and graduate students) has been published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Cognition and Emotion, the Journal of Personality, and other publications . A new paper on the place of regrets in maturity is forthcoming in the American Psychologist.Currently editor-in-chief of the Journal of Research in Personality, Laura has also served as associate editor of Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin and the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, as well as on numerous grant panels. She has edited or co-edited special sections of the Journal of Personality and the American Psychologist. In real life, Laura is an accomplished cook and enjoys listening to music (mostly jazz vocalists and singer-songwriters), gardening, and chasing Sam, her 3-year-old son.

Contenuti:

Chapter 1: What is Psychology?

Defining Psychology

Critical Controversy: Are Young Americans in the Middle of a Narcissism Epidemic?

Psychology in Historical Perspective

Psychological Inquiry: Explore Evolution from Giraffes to Human Beings

Contemporary Approaches to Psychology

What Psychologists Do

Psychological Inquiry: Questions That Psychology Specialists Ask

Intersection: Social Psychology and Cross-Cultural Psychology: How Does Culture Influence the Meaning of Success?

The Science of Psychology and Health and Wellness

Chapter 2: Psychology's Scientific Method

Psychology's Scientific Method

Types of Psychological Research

Psychological Inquiry: Miserable but Helpful?

Intersection: Personality and Social Psychology: Does Socialability Lead to Happiness or Is It the Other Way Around?

Research Samples and Settings

Analyzing and Interpreting Data

Psychological Inquiry: Experimentation in Natural Setting

Conducting Ethical Research

Critical Controversy: Is it Ethical to Use Deception in Research?

Thinking Critically About Psychological Research

The Scientific Method and Health and Wellness

Chapter 3: Biological Foundations of Behavior

The Nervous System

Neurons

Critical Controversy: Do Mirror Neurons Hold the Key to Social Understanding?

Structures of the Brain and Their Functions

Psychological Inquiry: The Brain in Different Species Intersection: Neuroscience and Emotion: How Does the Brain Recognize What Is Funny?

The Endocrine System

Brain Damage, Plasticity, and Repair

Genetics and Behavior

Psychological Inquiry: The Jim Twins

Psychology's Biological Foundations and Health and Wellness

Chapter 4: Sensation and Perception

How We Sense and Perceive the World

Psychological Inquiry: Old Woman or Young Woman?

Critical Controversy: Can We Feel the Future?

Psychological Inquiry: Subliminal Perception: Working Up a Thirst

The Visual System

The Auditory System

Other Senses

Intersection: Emotion and Sensation: What Do Feelings Smell Like?

Sensation, Perception, and Health and Wellness

Chapter 5: States of Consciousness

The Nature of Consciousness

Critical Controversy: Does Conscious Reflection Matter to Matters of Conscience?

Sleep and Dreams

Psychological Inquiry: Taking a Ride on the Sleep Cycles

Psychoactive Drugs

Intersection: Consciousness and Neuroscience: Can We Tell What the Brain is Dreaming About?

Psychological Inquiry: Drug Use by U.S. Teenagers

Hypnosis

Consciousness and Health and Wellness: Meditation

Chapter 6: Learning

Types of Learning

Classical Conditioning

Intersection: Learning and Clinical Psychology: Can Classical Conditioning Help Us Understand Drug Abuse?

Psychological Inquiry: From Acquisition to Extinction (to Spontaneous Recovery)

Operant Conditioning

Psychological Inquiry: Schedules of Reinforcement and Different Patterns of Responding

Observational Learning

Cognitive Factors in Learning

Biological, Cultural, and Psychological Factors in Learning

Critical Controversy: Do Learning Styles Matter to Learning?

Learning and Health and Wellness

Chapter 7: Memory

The Nature of Memory

Memory Encoding

Memory Storage

Psychological Inquiry: The Inner Workings of Working Memory

Intersection: Cognitive and Cultural Psychology: How Does Culture Influence Episodic Memory?

Memory Retrieval

Psychological Inquiry: The Serial Position Effect: Lost in Midstream

Critical Controversy: Can Adults Tell If Children's Memories are Accurate

Forgetting

Study Tips from the Science of Memory

Memory and Health and Wellness

Chapter 8: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language

The Cognitive Revolution in Psychology

Thinking

Psychological Inquiry: Thinking Outside the Box

Intersection: Cognitive Psychology and Personality: Do Sophisticated Thinkers Avoid the Bias Blind Spot? Critical Controversy: Is There a Link Between Creative Genius and Psychopathology

Intelligence

Psychological Inquiry: The Normal Curve

Language

Thinking, Problem Solving, and Health and Wellness

Alternative Chapter: Thinking and Language

The Cognitive Revolution in Psychology

Thinking

Psychological Inquiry: Thinking Outside the Box

Two Systems of Information Processing

Critical Controversy: Should we be taking drugs to enhance our thinking?

Biases and Heuristics

Language

Intersection: Language, Culture, and Cognition: How Does Language Shape Answers to the Question “Where”?

Thinking, Language, and Health and Wellness

Alternative Chapter: Intelligence

The History and Definition of Intelligence

Measuring Intelligence

Psychological Inquiry: The Normal Curve

Sources of Bias in Intelligence Testing

Nature, Nurture, and Intelligence

Extremes of Intelligence

Intersection: Educational Psychology and Social Psychology: Do teachers have stereotypes about gifted children?

Multiple Intelligences, Creativity, and Emotional Intelligence

Intelligence and Health and Wellness

Chapter 9: Human Development

Exploring Human Development

Child Development

Psychological Inquiry: Thinking Critically About Object Permanence

Intersection: Developmental and Social Psychology: Is Attachment an Enduring Aspect of Life?

Psychological Inquiry: Looking at Identity Exploration

Adolescence

Emerging Adulthood, Adult Development, and Aging

Critical Controversy: Is Parenthood Associated with Happiness

Human Development and Health and Wellness

Alternative Chapter: Human Development

(topical approach)

Exploring Human Development

Physical Development

Cognitive Development

Psychological Inquiry: Thinking Critically About Object Permanence

Socioemotional Development

Intersection: Developmental and Social Psychology: Is Attachment of an Enduring Aspect of Life?

Psychological Inquiry: Looking at Identity Exploration

Moral Development

Human Development and Health and Wellness

Chapter 10: Motivation and Emotion

Theories of Motivation

Hunger, Obesity, and Eating Disorders

Psychological Inquiry: Obeying the (Yerkes-Dodson) Law

Approaches to Motivation in Everyday Life Critical Controversy: Do Extrinsic Rewards Undermine Intrinsic Motivation? Emotion

Intersection: Emotion and Health Psychology: Can a Smile Protect Against Stress?

Psychological Inquiry: The Full Circle of Emotions

Motivation, Emotion, and Health and Wellness: The Pursuit of Happiness

Chapter 11: Gender, Sex, and Sexuality

Defining Sex and Gender

Theories of Gender Development

Intersection; Gender and Neuroscience: Are There His and Hers Brains (and Should We Even Ask That Question?

The Psychology of Gender Differences

Critical Controversy: Does Autism Spectrum Disorder Represent an Extreme Male Brain?

Psychological Inquiry: Sex and Casual Sex

Sexual Orientation

Sexual Behaviors and Practices

Psychological Inquiry: Sex in America

Sexual Variations and Disorders

Sexuality and Health and Wellness

Chapter 12: Personality

Psychodynamic Perspectives

Critical Controversy: Do Defense Mechanisms Underlie Homophobia?

Humanistic Perspectives

Trait Perspectives

Psychological Inquiry:

Intersection: Personality and Health Psychology: Are Traits Linked to Obesity?

Personological and Life Story Perspectives

Social Cognitive Perspectives

Biological Perspectives

Personality Assessment

Personality and Health and Wellness

Psychological Inquiry: A Can-Do Attitude Means You Can Quit Smoking

Chapter 13: Social Psychology

Social Cognition

Social Behavior

Social Influence

Intersection: Social Psychology and Cross-Cultural Psychology: Why Are Some Nations More Conforming Than Others?

Psychological Inquiry: Obedience Then and Now

Intergroup Relations

Critical Controversy: Is Intelligence Related to Prejudice and Political Beliefs?

Psychological Inquiry: Improving Group Relations Through Cooperative Activities

Close Relationships

Social Psychology and Health and Wellness

Chapter 14: Industrial and Organization Psychology

Origins of Industrial and Organizational Psychology

Industrial Psychology

Psychological Inquiry: The Fastest-Growing Jobs in the United States

Critical Controversy: Does Self-Efficacy Always Lead to Better Performance?

Organizational Psychology

Organizational Culture

Intersection: I-O Psychology and Personality Psychology: Are Transformational Leaders in the Eye of the Beholder?

I-O Psychology and Health and Wellness

Psychological Inquiry: You Need a Vacation!

Chapter 15: Psychological Disorders

Defining and Explaining Abnormal Behavior

Critical Controversy: Does Everyone Have ADHD?

Anxiety and Anxiety-Related Disorders

Disorders Involving Emotion and Mood

Psychological Inquiry: Depression Among Women and Men Across Cultures

Dissociative Disorders

Schizophrenia

Psycholo gical Inquiry: The Association of Genes with Schizeophrenia

Personality Disorders

Intersection: Clinical Psychology and Personality Psychology: Are Aspects of Psychopathy Related to Leadership Success?

Suicide

Psychological Disorders and Health and Wellness

Chapter 16: Therapies

Approaches to Treating Psychological Disorders

Psychotherapy

Psychological Inquiry: Does Therapy Work?

Psychological Inquiry: Classical Conditioning: The Backbone of Aversive Conditioning

Biological Therapies

Critical Controversy: Do Antidepressants Increase Suicide Risk in Children?

Sociocultural Approaches and Issues in Treatment

Clinical and Cultural Psychology: How Does Culture Influence Responses to Treatment?

Therapies and Health and Wellness

Chapter 17: Health Psychology

Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine

Making Positive Life Changes

Resources for Effective Life Change

Intersection: Health Psychology and Cross-Cultural Psychology: How Does Culture Influence the Meaning of Social Support?

Psychological Inquiry: Praying for Good Health

Toward a Healthier Mind (and Body): Controlling Stress

Critical Controversy: How Powerful Is the Power of Positive Thinking?

Toward a Healthier Body (and Mind): Behaving as If Your Life Depends upon It

Psychological Inquiry: Physical Activity: A Matter of Life and Death

Psychology and Your Good Life

Su questa edizione

• Editore: McGraw-Hill Education
• Data di pubblicazione: 2013
• ISBN 10: 1259060578
• ISBN 13: 9781259060571
• Rilegatura: Copertina flessibile
• Numero edizione: 3
• Numero di pagine: 736