Active Galactic Nuclei : Proceedings of the 134th Symposium of the International Astronomical Union, Held in Santa Cruz, California, August 15-19, 1988

IAU Symposium No. 134 on Active Galactic Nuclei was hosted by the Lick Observatory, as part of the celebration of its centennial, for the Observatory went into operation as part of the University of California on June 1, 1888. Twenty years later, in 1908, Lick Observatory graduate student Edward A. Fath recognized the unusual emission-line character of the spectrum of the nucleus of the spiral "nebula" NGC 1068, an object now well-known as one of the nearest and brightest Seyfert galaxies and active galactic nuclei. Ten years after that, and seventy years before this Symposium, Lick Observatory faculty member Heber D. Curtis published his description of the "curious straight ray" in M 87, "apparently connected with the nucleus by a thin line of matter," which we now recognize as an example of one of the jets which are the subject of so much current AGN research. The symposium was held at Kresge College on the campus of the University of California, Santa Cruz, only a short walk through the redwood groves to the Lick Observatory offices. A total of 232 astronomers and astrophysicists from 24 countries attended and took part in the Symposium. About 200 more had applied to come, but could not be accepted in order to keep the meeting at a reasonable size. Most of the participants lived in the Kresge College apartments immediately adjacent to the Kresge Town Hall in which the oral sessions took place.

2.- A Search for Companions to High Redshift (z ? 3.0) Quasars.- A 12 ?m Flux Limited Sample of Galaxies: Preliminary Results on the IR Luminosity Function.- How Do Radio Quasars (for z < 2) Evolve?.- Quasar and AGN Evolution.- The Masses of Quasars and AGN: Correlating the Accretion-Disk and the Emission-Line Methods.- The Evolution of Starburst Galaxies to Active Galactic Nuclei.- 2 BLR and Variability.- Structure and Nature of AGNs.- Rapid Line Variations in High Luminosity AGN and Anisotropic Emission of the Optical/UV Continuum.- The NGC 1275 Galaxy Nucleus Emission Spectrum Variability at Various Stages of Activity.- On the Broad H? Component of IC 5063, IC 5135 and NGC 2992.- Investigations of Broad Line Region Structure and Kinematics Using Variability.- The Discrete Correlation Function: A New Method for Analyzing Unevenly Sampled Variability Data.- Emission-Line Variability and the Nature of the Broad-Line Region.- Emission-Line Variability in AGN.- Spectropolarimetry and Variability of Seyfert 1.8 and 1.9 Galaxies.- Short Time Scale Variability of Active Galactic Nuclei: Einstein IPC Observations of PKS 2155-304 — A Report of Rapid Variations of Instrumental Origin.- Optical Short-Term Variability in the X-Ray-Selected BL Lac Object IE 0317+186 and the Radio-Selected BL Lac Objects ON231.- Rapid Infrared and Optical Variability in 3C 273.- 4 Years of Radio to X-ray Observations of 3C 273.- Broad Line Variations in NGC 5548.- The Character of the Optical Variability for the BL Lacertae Objects OJ 287.- Soft X-ray Variability and the Covering Fraction of Active Galactic Nuclei.- The Complex Structure of the C IV Emission Line in the Seyfert 1 Galaxy NGC 4151 at Minimum States.- QSO Emission Line Redshift Differences.- Quasar Emission-Line Strengths.- Helium I ?10830 Observations of Seyfert 2 Galaxies.- Ca II - Fe II Correlation in Active Galactic Nuclei.- Quasar Emission Line Profile Modelling.- Observations of Quasar Broad-Line Profiles in the Optical and Infrared.- Optically Thin Gas in the BLR of Seyfert Galaxies.- Star Clusters in Quasars: Bloated Stars as Broad Emission Line Clouds.- Is There a Scaling Law for the Size of the BELR in AGNs?.- 3 X-Rays and the Central Source.- Physics of the Central Engine.- The EXOSAT Spectral Survey of Emission Line AGN.- The X-ray Spectra of High Redshift Quasars.- Iron Line Emission from NGC 1068.- Soft X-ray Spectra of Seyfert Galaxies.- The Shape of Soft X-ray Spectra of Quasars.- EXOSAT Observations of Flux and Spectral Variability in the Seyfert Galaxy NGC 5548.- The Flux and Spectral Variability of NGC 6814 as Observed with EXOSAT.- Variable X-ray Absorption in NGC 4151.- The Infrared and X-ray Continua of Quasars: Is there a Connection?.- Is There a Relation Between Optical Emission Line Strengths and Continuum Shapes?.- Composite Spectra of Some Active Galactic Nuclei.- An X-ray Spectral Survey of BL Lac Objects.- Pair Production in AGN.- A Comparison of the X-ray Spectra of Quasars and BL Lac Objects.- A Multi-Wavelength Study of X-ray Selected AGN.- Spectral Index Versus Frequency and Models for the Continua of AGN and QSOs.- X-ray Selected AGN from the Extended Medium Sensitivity Survey.- X-ray Background Constraints on the Log N-Log S Relation for AGN.- Cosmic X-ray Background from Early Active Galactic Nuclei.- Relativistic Beaming of X-rays from Quasars.- Power-Law Spectra from Fermi Acceleration at Relativistic Shocks.- Photon and Neutrino-Emission From Shockwaves in Active Galactic Nuclei.- Relativistic Neutrons in Active Galactic Nuclei.- 4 Black Holes, Accretion Disks and Gravitational Lenses.- Observational Evidence for Supermassive Black Holes.- Quasar Evolution and the Growth of Black Holes in the Nuclei of Active Galaxies.- Bright Quasars as Rapid Precessors.- New Evidence for Accretion Disks in AGNs.- The Spectrum of Massive Thin Accretion Disks: Theory and Observations.- Combined Accretion Disk and Nonthermal Source Model for AGN.- Line Emission from Accretion Disks in Active Galactic Nuclei.- Spectra of AGN Accretion Disks — Preliminary Results.- Revisiting the Geometry of the BLR in AKN 120: Preliminary Results from UV Data and Line Profile Analysis.- Is the Lyman Absorption Edge a Good Observational Test for AGN Accretion Disks?.- Is the Flat Spectrum Double 1830-211 a Result of Gravitational Lensing?.- Some Remarks on Gravitational Micro-Lensing.- An Optical Imaging Search for Gravitational Lenses.- Discovery of a Probable Gravitational Lens.- 5 Structure of the Central Object and NLR.- Observational Studies of the Structure of Active Galactic Nuclei and QSOs.- Theory of the Intermediate Zone.- Calcium Infrared Triplet Emission in AGN.- Narrow Line Region in NGC 4151 Nucleus.- Near-Infrared Emission-Line Spectra of the Orion Nebula, NGC 4151, and Other Seyfert Galaxies.- Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of Seyfert and Starburst Galaxies.- Stability of Emission-Line Clouds in Seyfert Galaxies.- Using Narrow Emission Lines to Test Physical Models Unifying AGNs.- Anisotropic Continuum Emission in Seyferts.- Red Giant Winds as Emission Line Clouds (Broad or Narrow) in Active Galactic Nuclei.- Substructures in the Narrow-Line Region of AGN.- Cloud Disruption and Formation.- Composite Models: A Tool for Interpreting the Emission-Line Spectra of Active Galactic Nuclei.- Theoretical Narrow Emission-Line Profiles of Active Galactic Nuclei.- The Origin of the Coronal Lines in Seyfert Galaxies.- Photopolarimetry of Seyfert Galaxies — NGC 2992, NGC 3081, NGC 3227, and IC 4329 A.- High Optical Polarization in Flat-Spectrum Radio Sources.- Polarization of IRAS Quasars and the Inner Structure of Active Galactic Nuclei.- How High a Density is for Photoionization in AGN?.- Reddening in the Narrow-Line Region of Active Galactic Nuclei.- 6 Velocity Fields, Kinematics, NL Profiles.- TAURUS Observations of Active Galaxies: NGC 1275 and NGC 4151.- First Results with HIFI — Studies of Extended Anomalous Emission Regions with an Imaging Fabry-Perot.- The Large-Scale Activity in NGC 1068.- Imaging Spectrophotometry of the Narrow-Line Region of NGC 1068.- Emission-Line Asymmetries and the Kinematics of the Narrow-Line Region in AGNs.- Gravitational Acceleration and Forbidden Line Widths in Seyfert Galaxies.- A Separation of Systematic and Turbulent Motions in the Narrow-Line Region of NGC 4151.- H? Emission Lines in High Redshift Quasars.- The Velocity Field of NGC 1068.- 7 Dust, Molecules, Infrared and MM Radiation.- CO in Seyfert Galaxies.- Infrared [Fe II] and H2 Line Emission in Active Galactic Nuclei.- Millimeter Observations of Markarian Galaxies.- Optical and Near Infrared Imaging of NGC 1275.- Are ELFs Little Monsters?.- Delayed Infrared Emission from Luminous Seyfert 1 Galaxies.- Optical-Infrared Continuum Spectra and Polarization of Quasars: An Outburst in 3C 279 During 1987–88.- Hot Dust on the Outskirts of the BLR in Fairall 9.- Spectral Energy Distributions of PG Quasars.- New Millimetre Measurements and the Radio to X-ray Continua of Active Galactic Nuclei.- Millimeter Observations of Optically Selected Quasars.- Submillimeter Observations of NGC 4151: Evidence for Thermal Dust Emission.- Optical and Far-Infrared Properties of UM Survey Emission-Line Galaxies.- Megamasers in Young Active Galactic Nuclei.- Infrared Emission from Radio Galaxies.- Dust-Embedded AGN in Unusually Warm IRAS Galaxies.- Morphological Properties of Unusually Warm IRAS Galaxies.- Testing the Emission Mechanism of the Quasar Infrared Component.- Infrared Imaging and Photometry of a Sample of Seyfert Galaxies.- Longslit Optical Spectroscopy of Powerful Far-Infrared Galaxies.- Faint IRAS Number Counts and Galaxy Evolution.- IRAS Galaxies: Near-Infrared Colours and Starformation.- Infrared-Selected “Warm” Galaxies Observed in X-rays.- The Origin of the 25 ?m Emission in Seyfert 2 Galaxies.- 8 Relationships Of Nucleus, Galaxy and Environment.- Relationships of the Active Nucleus, Galaxy, and Environment.- The New Double Nuclei Markarian Galaxies.- Activity of Interacting Galaxies Mkn 673: A Close-By “E+A” Galaxy.- The Twin-Nucleus Merging Galaxy MKN 266.- Circumnuclear Emission in Nearby, Non-Interacting Seyfert Galaxies.- Optical Nuclear Activity in Radio Galaxies in Clusters.- Color Maps of A 1795 and A 2597—Cooling Flow Cluster Central Galaxies with Active Nuclei.- Bar Instabilities and Nuclear Activity in Disk Galaxies.- Nuclear Starbursts in Barred Spirals.- Interactions of Jets with Interstellar and Intergalactic Media.- Interaction of the Beams of Active Galactic Nuclei with Their Environment at High Redshifts.- 3C 120. Properties of 4 Condensations Neighbouring the Nucleus and Emitting in the Continuum.- NGC 613: Nuclear Region Narrow Band Imagery.- The Extended Ionized Nebulosities Surrounding the Active Galaxies NGC 6215, A 0945-30 and MCG-2-58-22.- Physical Properties of the Extranuclear Emitting Regions in Irregular and Interacting AGNs.- Long-Slit Spectroscopy of IC 5135 and NGC 4388.- Long Slit CCD Observations of Active and Normal Galaxies.- Gas Disks in Radio Galaxies.- Morphology and Luminosity Distribution of Seyfert Galaxies.- Formation of Bi-Polar Spiral Features in Galactic Nuclei.- Far-Infared Properties of Markarian Galaxies with Multiple Nuclei.- X-ray Constraints on AGN Clustering.- 9 Intrinsically Weak AGNs.- Low-Luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei.- High-Resolution Observations of the M81 Nucleus.- Low Activity Nuclei with Strong [N II] Lines.- Low-Activity Nuclei in Spiral Galaxies.- Optical Spectra of Low Flux Radio Sources.- Activity in the Nuclei of Normal Sbc Galaxies — A Multiwavelength Study.- Low-Power Radio Sources in the Nuclei of Nearby E/S0 Galaxies: Evidence for Active Nuclei and for Current Star Formation.- 10 Radio Galaxies, Components and Structure.- The Milliarcsecond Structure of Active Galactic Nuclei Observed with VLBI.- Superluminal Motion in CTA 102.- VLA Observations of an Optically Deep Sample of Molonglo Quasars: Aspect Dependence of the Optical Continuum.- Compact Radio Components in Seyfert Nuclei.- Physical Conditions in Active Galactic Nuclei.- Radio Observations of Moderately Compact Steep Spectrum Sources.- Monitoring of Southern QSOs at 843 MHz.- Multicolor Images of a Complete z ? 1 Sample of 3CR Galaxies.- Optical Properties of High Redshift Radio Galaxies.- Radio-Optical Correlations in Distant Radio Galaxies.- 11 Miscellaneous.- Statistical Properties of the Lyman ? Forest.- Lyman Edges in Quasar Spectra.- Lyman ? Emission from Disk Absorption Systems in QSOs: Star Formation in Young Galaxy Disks.- Calcium Features in the “Featureless” Continuum of Seyfert Nuclei: Evidence for a Young Stellar Population?.- The Ejection of QSOs from Galaxies.- Photometric Properties of AGNs from the Absolute Spectrophotometry of De Bruyn and Sargent.- Run of the Scale Factor R(t) in Some Universes with Zero and Nonzero Pressure.- 12 Future.- The Future of Observational Research on Active Galactic Nuclei.- Future AGN Research II.