Advances in Clinical Neurophysiology

In recent years, the resourcefulness of researchers together with the steady development of new techniques have given a renewed energy to the different fields of clinical neurophysiology. The interdisciplinary approach with special emphasis on neuroimaging and genetics has opened new and exciting avenues for the study of the nervous system. This volume contains many of the lectures on basic and clinical topics presented at the XV International Congress of Clinical Neurophysiology, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 16-20 May 2001. The proceedings will provide not only a state-of-the-art review on the most recent advances in our enlarging field, but also will stimulate further research in all areas of clinical neurophysiology.

Preface. List of Contributors.

Section I. Special Lectures.

The Berger Lecture. 1. Cognition, gamma oscillations and neuronal synchrony (W. Singer). The Kugelberg Lecture. 2. The role of the basal ganglia in the control of tremor and epilepsy (C.H. Lücking, B. Hellwig, C. Deransart).

Section II. Ion Channel Disorders.

3. Basic mechanisms of ion channel function (B.A. Kotsias). 4. Ion channel disorders in neuropathy (K. Arimura, Y. Sonoda, O. Watanabe et al.). 5. Calcium channelopathies in neuromuscular transmission (O.D. Uchitel). 6. Disorders of membrane channels or channelopathies (G.G. Celesia). 7. Ion channels, epilepsy and anticonvulsants (G.G. Celesia). 8. Sodium channelopathies in skeletal muscle and brain (H. Lerche, N. Mitrovic, K. Jurkat-Rott et al.).

Section III. Neuromuscular and Autonomic Disorders.

9. Basic mechanisms of muscle fatigue in humans (V. Galea, A. Hicks, A.J. McComas). 10. Motor unit estimates in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (V. Galea, M. Dantes, H. DeBruin et al.). 11. Pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (R.E.P. Sica). 12. Leprosy neuropathy (W. Marques Jr.). 13. An appraisal of the role of clinical neurophysiology in toxic neuropathy (G. Singh, J.S. Chopra). 14. Immune mediated peripheral neuropathies (A.M. Villa). 15. HIV-related peripheral neuropathies (R.K. Olney). 16. Some neurophysiological aspects in Chagas' disease (J.H. Xavier de Castro). 17. Neurophysiological features in HAM/TSP (HTLV-I associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis) (J.L. Castillo). 18. The autonomic neuropathies (P.A. Low). 19. Microneurography may differentiate between neural and effector organ dysfunctions in autonomic disorders (M. Elam). 20. Breathing control in neurological diseases (M.A. Nogués).

Section IV. Pain and Paresthesias.

21. Methods of study of neuropathic pain (R.J. Verdugo). 22. Neurophysiologic assessment of pain (R. Kakigi, S. Watanabe, D.T. Tran et al.). 23. Pathophysiology of paraesthesiae (M.C. Kiernan). 24. Neuroimaging of human pain and virtual reality modelling (A.C.N. Chen, F.A. Nielsen, L.K. Hansen). 25. Pain processing in the central nervous system (S. Knecht).

Section V. Sleep Disorders.

26. Excessive daytime sleepiness (S. Nevsímalová). 27. Sleep apnea syndrome and high neurological risk factors (P.A. Despland). 28. Clinical and polysomnographic findings in patients with chronic insomnia (H. Encabo, C. Calderón, G. Carrara et al.). 29. Restless legs syndrome and nocturnal myoclonus (N. Chiofalo).

Section VI. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: Cortical Excitability and Brain Plasticity.

30. Time course of contralateral and ipsilateral motor excitability before and after a task-related movement (H. Pratt, A. Starr, M. Zaaroor). 31. Transcranial magnetic stimulation studies of contralesional space attention deficits (M. Oliveri). 32. Modulation of cortical plasticity (U. Ziemann, L.G. Cohen). 33. Stimulation at the foramen magnum level as a tool to separate cortical from spinal cord excitability changes (Y. Ugawa). 34. The timing of human visual perception: estimates based on language vocalization and the recognition potential (V.E. Amassian, A.P. Rudell, R.Q. Cracco). 35. Enhancement and depression of cortical excitability by a paired associative stimulation protocol (J. Classen, K. Stefan, F. Sandbrink et al.). 36. Neurophysiological markers of recovery of function after stroke (P. Cicinelli, R. Traversa, M. Oliveri et al.). 37. Neural correlates of cerebral plasticity after brain infarction (R.J. Seitz, C.M. Bütefisch, V. Hömberg). 38. Neurophysiological correlates of cortical plasticity after stroke (M. Hallett).

Section VII. Attention Vigilance Consciousness and Cognitive Disorders.

39. Neurophysiologic tools to explore visual cognition (S. Tobimatsu). 40. Quantitative electroencephalography in dementia diagnosis (R. Anghinah). 41. Sources of EEG activity during a verbal working memory task in adults and children (T. Fernández, T. Harmony, J. Gersenowies et al.). 42. Quantitative EEG: modeling time, space, and phase of brain oscillatory activity (C. Babiloni, F. Babiloni, F. Carducciet al.). 43. Dementia and qEEG (Alzheimer's disease) (D. Cibils). 44. Preconscious auditory processing in coma (C. Fischer, D. Morlet). 45. P300 and conscious perception (C. Tomberg). 46. Bernabe Cantlon Memorial Lecture. Some neurophysiological features of stress: stress as an evolutionarily stable strategy (E.T. Segura).

Section VIII. Neuromonitoring.

47. EEG transitions and depth of anesthesia (E.H. Rubinstein). 48. Carotid endarterectomy monitoring (J.-M. Guérit, C. Witdoeckt, R. Verhelst et al.). 49. Anesthesia effects and evoked potentials (T.B. Sloan). 50. Monitoring the spinal cord and roots (S.J. Jones). 51. Continuous ICU EEG monitoring (M.R. Nuwer, P.M. Vespa, L.M. Schrader).

Section IX. Neuroimaging as a Tool to Understand Brain Function.

52. fMRI and the evaluation of patients with epilepsy (W.D. Gaillard). 53. Positron emission tomography: localization for epilepsy surgery (E. Asano, C.Juhász, D.C. Chugani). 54. MRS for imaging neuronal dysfunction in epilepsy (F. Cendes, L.M. Li, D. Arnold). 55. High resolution EEG of sensorimotor brain functions: mapping ERPs or mu ERD? (C. Babiloni, F. Babiloni, F. Carducci et al.).

Section X. Motor Control and EEG-EMG Coherence.

56. Mathematical principles and physiologic applications of coherence analysis (J. Raethjen, M. Lindemann, G. Deuschl). 57. EEG-EMG coherence in movement disorders (P. Brown, P. Grosse). 58. Clinical neurophysiology of tics (M. Hallett). 59. Mechanisms of deep brain stimulation (E. Moro, P. Krack, P. Pollak). 60. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in Parkinson's disease and focal dystonia (H.R. Siebner, C. Loeer, C. Mentschelet al.). 61. Effects of deep brain stimulation for treatment of Parkinson's disease (R. Chen). 62. Transcranial magnetic stimulation in epilepsy and Parkinson's disease: drug induced changes in motor excitability (R. Michelucci, F. Valzania, C.A. Tassinari).

Section XI. Oscillations.

63. Event related desynchronization/synchronization in Parkinson's disease (G. Comi, L. Leocani, M. Cursi, G. Magnani). 64. The functional significance of event related spectral changes (ERD/ERS) from the perspective of electrocorticography (N.E. Crone, L. Hao). 65. Time-frequency analysis of sensorial brain activity (O.A. Rosso, J. Yordanova, V. Kolev et al.). 66. Neuromodulation of the brain gamma band oscillatory systems (M. Beelke, P. Canovaro, W.G. Sannita).

Section XII. EEG and Epilepsy.

67. Wavelet analysis preceding seizures (S. Kochen, B. Giagante, C. D'Atellis, R. Sirne et al.). 68. Malformations due to abnormal cortical development: expression and mechanisms of epileptogenicity (I.M. Najm, Z. Ying, K. Boonyapisit et al.). 69. Reflex epilepsy (C.D. Binnie). 70. Benign myoclonic epilepsy in infancy (N. Álvarez). 71. Neurophysiology of benign childhood focal epilepsies (C. Medina, R. Caraballo). 72. Neurophysiological aspects of cerebral cysticercosis (A. Carpio).

Section XIII. Vestibular System.

73. Click activation of the vestibular system (J.G. Colebatch). 74. Vestibulo-spinal neurophysiology in spasmodic torticollis (A. Münchau, A.M. Bronstein). 75. The vestibular functions: an overview (T. Mergner, C. Maurer, R.J. Peterka). 76. Cervico-ocular reflex in central and peripheral vestibular syndromes (S. Carmona).

Subject Index.