Advances in Cryogenic Engineering Materials

The Fifth International Cryogenic Materials Conference (ICMC) was held in Colorado Springs, Colorado in collaboration with the Cryogenic Engineering Conference (CEC) on August 15-19, 1983. The growth and success of the joint conferences is a result of their complementary program and close cooperation. Materials remain a challenge in the application of cryogenic technology and sometimes, as in the case of superconductors, are the driving force for the technology. The association of materials and cryogenic engineers increases their awareness of recent research in their respective fi. elds and influences the course of future research and applications. Many contributed to the success of the 1983 conference: E. W. Collings of Battelle Memorial Institute was the ICMC Confer­ ence Chairman; M. Suenaga of Brookhaven National Laboratories, the ICMC Program Chairman; and L. L. Sparks of the National Bureau of Standards, the ICMC Local Arrangements Chairman. J. M. Wells and A. I. Braginski of Westinghouse R & D Center, G. Hartwig of the Nuclear Research Center of Karlsruhe, and K. T. Hartwig of the University of Wisconsin assisted the Program Chairman in metallic metals, superconducting materials, nonmetallic materials, and cryo­ physical properties, respectively. Excellent conference management was provided by Centennial Conferences. We especially thank M. Stieg, who coordinated the preparation of the papers for this volume. The CEC Board, especially their conference chairman, C. D. Henning of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, contributed very substan­ tially to conference planning and implementation.

Stiffness and Internal Stresses of Woven-Fabric Composites at Low Temperatures.- Dynamic Young’s Modulus and Internal Friction in a Composite Material at Low Temperatures.- Fatigue of Glass-Epoxy Composite at 77K and 300K: Observation and Prediction.- Acoustic Emission from Composite Materials at Low Temperatures.- Problems of Cryogenic Interlaminar Shear Strength Testing.- Mechanical Properties of Organic Insulators for Superconducting Magnets after Low Temperature Irradiation.- Epoxies for Low Temperature Application Impregnating Technology.- Correlation of Dielectric and Mechanical Damping at Low Temperatures.- Optical Relaxation Processes in Polymers at Low Temperatures (Invited).- Low Temperature Fracture Strain at High Deformation Rates.- The Chemistry of Radiation Damage in Epoxide Resins.- Tensile, Compressive, and Shear Properties of a 64-kg/m3 Polyurethane Foam at Low Temperatures.- The Low-Temperature Thermal Conductivity of Rubber.- Photomechanical Stress Analysis under Cryogenic Environments.- Nondestructive Evaluation of Thick Austenitic Stainless Steel Weldments by Shear Horizontal Acoustic Waves.- Low Temperature Strengthening of Austenitic Stainless Steels with Nitrogen and Carbon.- Nitrogen-Containing 25Cr-13Ni Stainless Steel as a Cryogenic Structural Material.- The Development of a Nitrogen-Strengthened High-Manganese Austenitic Stainless Steel for a Large Superconducting Magnet.- Mechanical Properties of High Yield Strength High Manganese Steels at Cryogenic Temperatures.- An Fe-Mn-Al Austenitic Steel for Cryogenic Uses.- Development of a High-Strength High-Manganese Stainless Steel for Cryogenic Use.- The Influence of Processing on the Cryogenic Mechanical Properties of High Strength High Manganese Stainless Steel.- Effect of Strain Rate on Measured Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steel at 4 K.- Strengthening and Serrated Flow of High-Manganese Nonmagnetic Steel at Cryogenic Temperatures.- Mechanical Properties of Cold-Rolled and Aged Fe-Ni-Cr-Ti Austenitic Alloys for Low Temperature Use.- A New Nickel-Free Cryogenic Steel, 06AlNbCuN, and Its Fracture-Safety Evaluation.- Development of the New Cryogenic Structural Material for Fusion Experimental Reactor.- The Influence of Prestrain and Transformation Mode on the Mechanical Properties of Nitrogen Stabilized Austenitic Steel.- The Microstructure and Properties of a Cryogenic Steel Fe-12Cr-6Ni-9Mn-N.- 32Mn-7Cr Austenitic Steel for Cryogenic Applications.- Magneto-mechanical Effects in 304 Stainless Steels.- The Temperature Dependence of the Tensile Yield Strength of Selected Austenitic Steels.- Progress in Cryostructural Materials and Their Welding in the USSR (Invited).- Low Temperature Strength and Toughness of Thermomechanically Treated and EB Welded Fe-13%Ni-3%Mo-Ti Alloys.- Welding Superalloy Sheet for Superconducting Cable Jackets.- The Mechanism of Embrittlement of the Heat-Affected Zone of Metastable Austenitic Steel Welded Joints.- Fracture Toughness of 25Mn Austenitic Steel Weldments at 4 K.- Aging Response and Cryogenic Mechanical Properties of an In-Sn Eutectic Solder Alloy for Josephson Packaging.- Cryogenic Creep of Metals (Invited).- Transitions in Fatigue Processes at Low Temperature.- Cryogenic Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Properties of JBK-75 Base and Autogenous Gas Tungsten Arc Weld Metal.- The Use of Inconel Alloy 706 as a Structural Material in the 300 MVA Superconducting Generator.- Low Temperature Mechanical Properties of CeO2-Alloyed Tetragonal Zirconia.- Heat Treatments and Low Temperature Fracture Toughness of a Ti-6Al-4V Alloy.- Physical Properties: Knowing, Guessing and Measuring (Invited).- Low Temperature Thermal Conduction in Solids (Invited).- Metals and Alloys: Expansion and Contraction (Invited).- Metallic Glasses (Invited).- An Apparatus to Determine the Heat Capacity and Thermal Conductivity of a Material from 1 to 300 K in Magnetic Fields up to 9 T.- Ceramic Composites for Enthalpy Stabilization of Superconducting Wire.- Electrical Resistivity of Metals and Alloys at Cryogenic Temperatures: A Review (Invited).- The Effect of Mill Temper on the Mechanical and Magnetoresistive Properties of Oxygen-Free Copper in Liquid Helium.- Degradation of Copper Stabilizer in a Superconducting Wire Induced by Cyclic Stressing at Cryogenic Temperature.- Magnetic Properties and Ferromagnetic Shielding of Ni-Fe-Mo Alloys at Cryogenic Temperatures.- Magnetic Susceptibility and Strain-Induced Martensite Formation at 4 K in Type 304 Stainless Steel.- Peculiarities of the Low-Temperature Electrical and Magnetic Properties in Fe-Cr-Ni-Mn Alloys.- Effect of the Structure of Fe-Cr-Ni Alloys Strained at Low Temperatures on Their Electrical Resistivity.- Materials for Superconducting Electronics (Invited).- Tunneling and Surface Properties of Oxidized Metal Overlayers on Nb (Invited).- Barrier/Electrode Interface Structure and I–V Characteristics of NbN Josephson Junctions (Invited).- All Refractory, High Tc Josephson Device Technology (Invited).- Preparation of High Tc Nb-(Ge,Si) Thin Films at Low Substrate Temperature (Invited).- Superconducting NbN Film Treatments.- Dependence of Tc Phase Composition for Superconducting Nb-Ge Films Prepared by DC-Magnetron Sputtering.- Oxidation Mechanism of the Surface of A15 Superconductors.- Tunneling Studies of VN Thin Films.- Fabrication of High Tc NbN Films by Ion Beam Deposition Technique.- Homoepitaxial Growth of Nb3Ge on Nb3Ge.- Preparation of NbCxN1?x Thin Films by High Rate Reactive Sputtering.- Determination of Optimum Preparation Parameters for Thin High-Tc Nb3Ge Films.- Local Investigation of Superconducting Transition of Nb3Ge Films.- Flux Pinning in Ultrafine Filamentary Composites (Invited).- Phase Relationships and Superconducting Properties of Ternary Systems Used in the Bronze Process (Invited).- The Relationship between the Martensitic Phase Transition and the Superconducting Properties of A15 Compounds (Invited).- High Field NbN Superconductor on Carbon Fibers (Invited).- Preparation of Superconducting Germanium Alloy Filament Using the Method of Glass-Coated Melt Spinning.- Superconducting Properties of V2(Hf,Zr) Laves Phase Multifilamentary Wires.- Superconducting Wires of Pb-Mo-S by Electro-Plating Technique.- An Overview of Practical Superconductor Development in Japan (Invited).- Superconducting Properties of Nb3Sn Multifilamentary Wires Fabricated by Internal Tin Process.- Properties of (Nb-Ta)3Sn-Filamentary Conductors.- Manufacture and Superconducting Properties of Bronze Processed Nb3Sn Monofilamentary Wires with Be Additions.- On the Nature of Coupling of In Situ Superconductors.- High-Field Current-Carrying Capacities of ‘Titanium Bronze’ Processed Multifilamentary Nb3Sn Conductors with Pure and Alloys Cores.- The Effects of Indium Addition on the Properties of Internal Tin Diffusion Processed Nb3Sn Wires.- Development of Nb3Sn Cabled Conductor by External Diffusion Process and the Effect of Strain on the Critical Current.- The Effect of Silicon Impurities on Superconducting Properties of V3Ga-Cu Wire.- Improved Performance Powder Metallurgy and In Situ Processed Multifilamentary Superconductors.- Optimization of High Current Density A-15 Superconductors Made by the ECN Powder Method.- Strain Effects in Superconducting Compounds (Invited).- Acoustic Emission in Materials for Superconductor Applications, A Review (Invited).- Long-Range Atomic Order, Crystallographical Changes and Strain Sensitivity of Jc in Wires Based on Nb3Sn and Other A15 Type Compounds.- Elastic Behavior of Polycrystalline Nb3Sn, V3Ga, and Nb3Ge.- Study of Strain Effects on Critical Current and Mechanical Property in “In Situ” Nb3Sn Conductor.- Effect of Internal Reinforcement on the Critical Current Density of Nb Sn Wires.- Effects of Incoloy 903 and Tantalum Conduits on Critical Current in Nb3Sn Cable-In-Conduit Conductors.- Effects of Hot Isostatic Pressing on the Superconducting Properties of Nb3Sn Multifilamentary Wires.- Electromagnetic Theory for In Situ Superconductors (Invited).- Magnetic Impurity Scattering in In Situ Superconductors.- Smooth Transition of Nb3Al Wire Fed by AC Current in High Magnetic Field.- Hysteresis in a Fine Filament NbTi Composite.- AC Losses in Superconducting Mono and Multifilamentary NbTi Wires Fed by AC Current at Different Frequency Values.- AC Losses of 19-Strain Subcables for the ANL 3.3 MJ Coil.- Current-Carrying Capacity and Energy Losses in Hydrostatically Extruded NbTi Wires.- Critical Current Measurements on a NbTi Superconducting Wire Standard Reference Material.- Pulsed Magnetic Field Testing of Multifilamentary Nb3Sn Superconducting Wire.- Influence of Stabilizing Copper on the Quench Characteristics of Nb3Sn Wire.- Training Studies of Epoxy-Impregnated Superconductor Windings — Part III: Epoxies, Conductor Insulations and Copper Ratio.- Indexes.- Author Index.- Materials Index.