Riassunto:
Information systems science is advancing in many directions with rapid strides. Many diversified ideas, methodologies, and techniques have been conceived and developed for improving the design of information systems and for inventing new methods for solving complex information problems. This volume, the seventh of a continuing series on information systems science, covers five timely topics which are in the mainstream of current interest in this growing field. In each chapter, an attempt is made to famil iarize the reader with some basic background information on the advances discussed, so that this volume may be used independently or in conjunction with the previous volumes. The emphasis in this volume is centered upon diagnosis for digital systems, distributed information networks, micro computer technology, and data structures for pattern recognition. In recent years, digital systems have found widespread applications in on-line real-time processing. Such applications demand high reliability, availability, and serviceability. Reliability may be improved through the use of highly reliable parts. Improvement in integrity may be accompanied by retry operation and redundant configuration. Serviceability may be improved by making use of fault diagnosis techniques. Chapter 1 is devoted to this important subject. Fault diagnosis techniques are developed to improve serviceability and to shorten mean time for repair. Kitamura, Tashiro, and Inagaki discuss many recent methods for fault diagnosis and explain them with illustrative examples.
Contenuti:
1 Diagnosis Techniques and Methodologies for Digital Systems.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Diagnostic Data Generation Theory.- 2.1. Digital System and Its Faults.- 2.2. Test Data Generation Method.- 2.3. Test Data Optimization.- 2.4. Fault Simulation.- 2.5. Fault Dictionary.- 3. Diagnostic Execution.- 3.1. Test Data Input and Symptom Output.- 3.2. Test and Diagnosis Execution.- 4. Applied Fault Diagnosis Techniques.- 4.1. FLT (Fault Location Technology).- 4.2. Microdiagnostics.- 4.3. ESS (Electronic Switching System) Approach.- 4.4. Practical and Useful Diagnosis Method in Real-World Digital Systems.- 5. Some Problems for Further Research.- 6. Conclusions.- References.- 2 Design for a Distributed Information Network.- 1. Introduction.- 1.1. Overview.- 1.2. The Distributed Network: Design Criteria.- 1.3. The Distributed Network : Implementation Criteria.- 2. Hardware Systems.- 2.1. Basic Modular Unit.- 2.2. Switching Station.- 2.3. Communications.- 3. Software Systems.- 3.1. The System Implementation Language.- 3.2. The Network Communication Language.- 3.3. The Retrieval System.- 3.4. Network Resource Management.- 3.5. The User Oriented Language Interface (UOLI).- 3.6. Information Processing.- 3.7. Network Controller.- 4. Selected Applications.- 4.1. Medical Sciences.- 4.2. Physical Sciences.- 4.3. Nonacademic Applications.- References.- 3 Modeling and Design of Distributed Information Systems.- 1. General Introduction.- 1.1. Distributed Information Systems.- 1.2. Background.- 2. Modeling Distributed Computer Systems.- 2.1. Modeling a Distributed Computer System.- 2.2. Transaction Processing by a Distributed Computer System.- 2.3. An Example.- 3. A Design Procedure for Distributed Computer Systems.- 3.1. Transaction Allocation.- 3.2. Processor Allocation.- 3.3. Line Allocation.- 3.4. File Allocation.- 4. Modeling Distributed Databases.- 4.1. Database Skeleton.- 4.2. An Example of a Database Skeleton.- 4.3. Logical Database Synthesis.- 5. Intelligent Coupler.- 5.1. Locating Information.- 5.2. Query Formulation and Test Run for Queries.- 5.3. Query Languages.- 5.4. Security.- 5.5. Locking in Distributed Information Systems.- 5.6. System Recovery.- 5.7. Performance Measurements and Evaluation.- 6. Concluding Remarks.- References and Suggested Further Reading.- 4 Hardware, Firmware, Software Technology in Microcomputer Systems.- 1. Hardware Organization.- 1.1. Introduction.- 1.2. A Simple Microprocessor.- 1.3. An Improved Microprocessor.- 1.4. A Sophisticated Microprocessor.- 2. Firmware.- 2.1. Definitions.- 2.2. Software LSI.- 2.3. Grand-Scale Integration.- 3. Software.- 3.1. Problems.- 3.2. A System Implementation Language.- 3.3. Pushbutton Programming.- 3.4. Improved Pushbutton Programming.- 4. What Computing Has Come To.- 4.1. How Large Should a Computer Be?.- 4.2. The Cost of Complexity.- 4.3. Large-Scale Versus Micro Hardware.- 4.4. Large-Scale Versus Micro Software.- 4.5. Summary.- References.- 5 Data Structures and Pattern Recognition.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Pattern Recognition Problem.- 3. The Data Structure Concept.- 4. Pictorial Pattern Recognition and Image Processing.- 5. Review of Applications to Pattern Recognition.- 6. Line Drawings and Chain Codes.- 7. Histograms and Integral Projections.- 8. Medial Axis Transformation.- 9. Generalized Cones.- 10. Syntactic Methods.- 11. Trees in Analysis: Text, Speech, and Line-Drawing Data.- 12. Webs and Trees in Applications.- 13. Structure Learning.- 14. Conclusion.- References.
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