Air Pollution Modelling and Simulation

These proceedings gather the written contributions presented during the second Conference APMS'2001 (Air Pollution Modeling and Simulation), which was jointly organized by the Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussees (ENPC) and the Institut National de Recherche en Inforrnatique et en Automatique (INRIA). 3D comprehensive models are now widely used for Air Quality Modeling. They compute the distribution of trace gases in the troposphere by taking into account numerous processes simultaneously: transport (advection and diffusion), chemie al transformations, emissions and depositions processes. The applications range from physical understanding to forecast and we have to tackle many challenges. of each process, which is highly The first challenge concems the MODELING complex in itself. This inc1udes a key issue: multiphase modeling of gas-phase species, clouds and particulate matter (aerosols). A second challenge is numerical SIMULATION. These comprehensive models are computationally intensive due to the nonlinearity, the coupling and the wide range of scales to be handled with. The ability to use such models is subjected to the restrictions of today's computer technology. Appropriate numerical tools are necessary in order to benefit from the state of the art numeries. In addition, each phenomenon has to be supported by a large body of data, which are often difficult to describe with accuracy. This is related to the third challenge: DATA ASSIMILATION (more generally INVERSE MODELING) and all the relevant topics (use of adjoint models for instance).

Chemistry- Transport Models.- Parallelisation and Application of a Multi-layer Atmospheric Transport Model to Quantify Dispersion and Deposition of Ammonia over the British Isles.- Entrainment Process in Mesoscale Models: Observational Validation.- Applicability of Indicator-Based Approach to Assess Ozone Sensitivities: A Model Study in Switzerland.- HYSPLIT Model Estimates of Atmospheric Deposition of Toxic Contaminants to the Great Lakes (An Overview).- Eulerian Photochemical Modeling, Multi-nesting Approach The Rhône-Alpes Case Study.- Validation of LMD-ZT Model with ETEX-1 Experiment.- Indicators Concept Applied to a European City: The Ile de France Area during ESQUIF Campaign.- Transport at Resolved and Unresolved Scales in the CTM MOCAGE.- Numerical Modelling of Pollution Dispersion in 3D Atmospheric Boundary Layer.- Recent Advances in CAMx Air Quality Modelling.- Applying Model Calculations to Estimate Future Urban Air Quality with Respect to the Requirements of the EU Directives on NO2 and PM10.- Numerical Modeling of the Atmospheric Transport of Toxic Pollutants in the Northern Hemisphere.- Exchange of Sulphur Pollution Between Bulgaria and Greece.- Emission Modeling and Related Issues.- Biogenic Emissions Contribution on Air Quality at Regional Scale.- The Dependence of Tropospheric Hydroxyl Content on the Alignment Between the NOx and CO Total Emissions.- Numerical Simulation of NOx and CO Mass Budgets as Integral Part of an Experimental Evaluation of Modelled Emission Data for the City of Augsburg (Germany).- Chemistry and Dispersion of Pollutants from a Rural Motorway: Measurements and Modelling.- Model Study of Distribution and Intensity of Methane Fluxes in West Siberia and Russian Arctic.- A Reactive Plume Model for the NO-N02 Transformation Close to the Stack Emission.- Modeling of Traffic-Induced Emission Inventories in Urban Areas. Effect of Roadway Network Aggregation Levels Traffic Management and Technology.- Numerical Algorithms.- Advection Experiments with DMI-HIRLAM-TRACER.- Parallel Processing and Non-uniform Grids in Global Air Quality Modelling.- A New Algorithm for Two-Way Nesting in Global Models: Principles and Applications.- Some Reduction Techniques for Simplifying Atmospheric Chemical Kinetics.- The Estimation of Intrinsic Low Dimensional Manifold Dimension in Atmospheric Chemical Reaction Systems ,.- Modelling Photochemical Air Pollution in Hungary Using an Adaptive Grid Model.- Aerosol Modeling.- Development and Testing of an Aerosol Module for Regional/Urban Scales.- Evaluation of the Equilibrium, Dynamic, and Hybrid Aerosol Modeling Approaches in a One-Dimentional Lagrangian Trajectory Model.- Initial Results from Long-Range Transport of Particulate Matter in Europe.- Modeling Aerosol Dynamics: A Stochastic Algorithm.- Adjoint Data Assimilation for Aerosol Dynamic Equations.- Particulate Air Quality over Europe in the Growing Season of 1995 and 2010 as Simulated with the MADE/EURAD Model.- Dynamical Aspects.- Use of Wind Tunnel Measurements for Mathematical Model Comparison and Validation.- Influence of Underlying Surface Forest Fraction to the Meso-Scale Wind Fields and Dispersion Conditions.- Simulations of Roof Pitch and Symmetry Effects on Urban Canyon Circulations Using a 2D Lattice Boltzmann Model.- A Study on Synoptically Influenced Local Wind Circulation in Complex Terrain and Its Application to Air Quality Modeling.- A Langevin Approach to the Diffusion Equation.- Sensitivity Analysis.- Air Quality Simulations over Europe Using the CAMx-RSM-MM5 System: Sensitivity to Meteorology and Initial Concentrations.- Sensitivity Studies with the Adjoint of a Chemistry Transport Model for the Boundary Layer.- Multiphase Chemistry Modeling.- Mechanism Development for Tropospheric Multiphase Chemistry with CAPRAM.- The Role of Variable Droplet Size-Resolution in Aqueous-Phase Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling.- Three-Dimensional Calculation of Photolysis Frequencies in the Presence of Clouds.- Modeling of Atmospheric Multiphase Chemistry: Numerical Integration and Sensitivity Analysis.- Data Assimilation and Inverse Modeling.- Identification of Chemical Species Emission with Variational Assimilation of Restricted Artificial Observations Using a Reduced Urban Chemistry Transport Scheme.- Data Assimilation with a Multi-scale Chemistry Transport Model and Validation.- Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Applied to the Adaptive Location of the Observations.- Modelling the UTLS Region with a Comprehensive Multi-scale CTM and Using Data Assimilation.- Some Remarks Concerning Inverse Modeling and Data Assimilation for Slow-Fast Atmospheric Chemical Kinetics.- Statistical Methods.- Modelling of Meteorological Factor Impacts on Urban Air Pollution Species by Fuzzy Logic Approach.- Non-parametric Short-Term Prediction of Ozone Concentration in Berlin: Preconditions and Justification.- Ozone Modeling in an Urban Atmosphere Using Artificial Neural Network. Hybrid Hidden Markov Model/Multi-layer Perceptron. The NEUROZONE Model.- Forecasting Ozone Peaks Using Self-organizing Maps and Fuzzy Logic.- Poster Session.- Idealised Numerical Simulations of Aerodynamic Roughness Length Effects on Sea Breeze Characteristics.- A Neural Prediction Model for the Maximum Daily Ozone Concentration.- INTERNET Operational Air Quality Modelling: Bilbao (Spain) and Leicester (UK).- Numerical Modelling of Atmospheric Particles Dispersion over an Heterogenous Landscape.- A Study on the Aerosol Dispersion Model Implemented in ISC3 Code of US-EPA.- Use of Computed Trajectories in Aerobiology and Air Pollution Studies.- Application of Artificial Neural Network in Forecasting of Air Pollution in a Large Industrial Urban Area.- Surface Exchanges in the Multiscale Chemistry and Transport Model MOCAGE.- A Combined Modelling System for the Simulation of the Transport and Dispersion in Coastal Areas.- Parameter Selection for Pollutant Emission Modeling by Neural Networks. Application to a Re-heating Furnace.- Optimization of an Urban Air Monitoring Network.- Volatile Organic Compounds Source Apportionment in the City of Rome.- Samaa: A Software Adapted to Air Pollution Scenarios Modelling.