Artificial immune systems are highly distributed systems based on the principles of the natural system. This is a new and rapidly growing field offering powerful and robust information processing capabilities for solving complex problems. Like artificial neural networks, artificial immune systems can learn new information, recall previously learned information, and perform pattern recognition in a highly decentralized fashion. This volume provides an overview of the immune system from the computational viewpoint. It discusses computational models of the immune system and their applications, and provides a wealth of insights on immunological memory and the effects of viruses in immune response. It will be of professional interest to scientists, academics, vaccine designers, and practitioners.

Contenuti

An Overview of Artificial Immune Systems and Their Applications.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Computational Aspects of the Immune System.- 3 The Nervous System and the Immune System.- 4 Immune System Based Models.- 5 Some Applications of Artificial Immune Systems.- 6 Summary.- References.- The Endogenous Double Plasticity of the Immune Network and the Inspiration to be Drawn for Engineering Artifacts.- 1 Introduction.- 2 An Elementary Immune Network and the Basic Principles to be Obeyed by a Double Plastic Adaptive System.- 3 The Endogenous Double Plasticity in Neural Net Classifiers.- 4 The Endogenous Double Plasticity in Autonomous Agents Learning by Reinforcement.- 5 The Endogenous Double Plasticity for the Control of Chaos.- 6 Conclusions.- References.- Artificial Immune Systems: Modeling & Simulation.- The Central and the Peripheral Immune Systems: What is the Relationship?.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Second Generation Network Models.- 3 An Immune Network Incorporating B-T Cell Co-operation.- 4 Concluding Remarks.- References.- Immunology Viewed as the Study of an Autonomous Decentralized System.- 1 Introduction.- 2 A Nano-course in Immunology.- 3 Overall Characterization of the Immune System.- 4 Postulating a Role for Feedback.- 5 Optimizing Effector Performance.- 6 Optimizing Effector Choice.- 7 The Importance of Geography.- 8 Communication.- 9 A Brief Comparison to Some Other Approaches to Decentralized Systems.- 10 Overview.- References.- Immune Network: An Example of Complex Adaptive Systems.- 1 Introduction.- 2 A Brief Summary of Experimental Phenomena to be Modelled Theoretically.- 3 Clonal Selection and Its Mathematical Modelling.- 4 Beyond Clonal Selection; Immune Network.- 5 Summary and Conclusion.- References.- Immunological Memory is Associative.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Immunological Memory.- 3 Sparse Distributed Memory (SDM).- 4 Correspondence between Immunological Memory and SDM.- 5 Aspects of Associative Recall in the Immune Response.- 6 Summary.- References.- Estimating and Predicting the Number of Free HIV and T Cells by Nonlinear Kalman Filter.- 1 Introduction.- 2 A Stochastic Model of the HIV Pathogenesis.- 3 A State Space Model for the HIV Pathogenesis.- 4 An Illustrative Example.- 5 Some Monte Carlo Studies.- 6 Conclusion and Discussion.- References.- Modeling the Effects of Prior Infection on Vaccine Efficacy.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Materials and Methods.- 3 Results and Discussion.- References.- Artificial Immune Systems: Applications.- Jisys: The Development of an Artificial Immune System for Real World Applications.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Research into ISYS.- 3 The JISYS System.- 4 Jisys System Structure.- 5 The Mortgage Fraud Application.- 6 Analysis of JISYS.- 7 Comparison with Related Work.- 8 Future Work.- 9 Conclusions.- References.- Decentralized Behavior Arbitration Mechanism for Autonomous Mobile Robot Using Immune Network.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Biological Immune System.- 3 Proposed Behavior Arbitration Mechanism Based on the Immune System.- 4 Adaptation Mechanisms.- 5 Conclusions and Further Work.- References.- Parallel Search for Multi-Modal Function Optimization with Diversity and Learning of Immune Algorithm.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Immune Algorithm.- 3 Experiments and Implementation Details.- 4 Conclusion.- References.- Immunized Adaptive Critic for an Autonomous Aircraft Control Application.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Levels of Intelligent Control.- 3 The Autonomous Aircraft Control Problem.- 4 Immunized Computational Systems.- 5 Immunized Adaptive Critics.- 6 Conclusion.- References.- Blueprint for a Computer Immune System.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Requirements for a Computer Immune System.- 3 Implementing an Immune System for Cyberspace.- 4 Evaluation and Final Remarks.- References.- An Anomaly Detection Algorithm Inspired by the Immune System.- 1 Introduction.- 2 A Negative Selection Algorithm.- 3 Anomaly Detection.- 4 Experiments.- 5 Conclusions.- References.- Immunity-Based Management System for a Semiconductor Production Line.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Problem of Semiconductor Production System.- 3 Immunity-Based System and Multi-Agent Nets.- 4 Conclusion.- References.- Indexed Bibliography.- Author Index.

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