Artificial Intelligence and Other Innovative Computer Applications in the Nuclear Industry

This conference brought together experts from 15 countries to discuss application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques to the nuclear industry. It was apparent from the meeting that even those active in the field were surprised at the extent of work and the progress made. There was a strong impression that application of this technology to nuclear power plants is inevitable. The benefits to improved operation, design, and safety are simply too significant to be ignored. This is a much different conclusion than might have been reached a few years ago when the technology was new and people were struggling to understand its significance. We believe that this meeting reflects a major turning point for the technology. It has moved from being a topic understood only by specialists to a situation where users are the most active people in the field. A broad array of innovative work is described from all of the participating countries. The activity in the u.s. is large and diverse. Although there is no nationally focussed policy for AI research in the U.S., many of these activities are reported here. Japan and France have a strong drive to integrate AI technology into their nuclear plants, and this is reflecteq in these proceedings.

1 International Overview.- Knowledge Based Systems for Nuclear Applications in Germany.- Applications of Artificial Intelligence in the U.S. Nuclear Industry.- NKA/INF - Advanced Information Technology.- A Survey of Framatome–s Expert Systems Activity.- Artificial Intelligence Applications for Operation and Maintenance: Japanese Industry Cases.- Development in the Application of Knowledge Base Systems in the Canadian Nuclear Industry.- 2 Robotics and Maintenance.- Beyond Human Performance.- Expert Robots in Nuclear Plants.- Reliability Analysis of the Inspection by a Man and a Robot for the Maintenance of a Nuclear Power Plant.- Automatic Scheduling of Maintenance Work in Nuclear Power Plants.- The Instrumentation Calibration Reduction Program (ICRP) at Northeast Utilities.- A Knowledge-Based Assistant for Valve Maintenance Planning.- Steam Generator Inspection Planning Expert System.- 3 Alarm and Signal Validation.- Extra: A Real Time Knowledge-Based Alarm System.- A Nuclear Reactor Alarm Display System Utilizing AI Techniques for Alarm Filtering.- An Expert System for Alarm Diagnosis and Filtering.- Applying AI Techniques to Improve Alarm Display Effectiveness.- Development of Knowledgebase System for Assisting Signal Validation Scheme Design.- An Expert System for Sensor Data Validation and Malfunction Detection.- Smart Sensor Application to Nuclear Plant Thermocouple Channels.- An Integrated Approach for Signal Validation in Nuclear Power Plants.- 4 Emergency Response.- Potential Applications of Advanced Information Technology in Emergency Management.- OPA: Operator Advisor, an Emergency Response Guide and Monitoring System.- Reactor Emergency Action Level Monitor.- Development of an Accident Management Expert System for Containment Assessment.- An Expert System for Improving Nuclear Emergency Response.- The Knowledge-Based Off-Site Emergency Response System for a Nuclear Power Plant.- Reactor Safety Assessment System.- A Production-Rule Analysis System for Nuclear Plant Monitoring and Emergency Response Applications.- 5 Process Diagnostics and Transient Advisor.- A Generalized System State Analyzer for Plant Surveillance.- Developing an Expert System for Monitoring Power Plant Processes.- The DISYS Real-Time Diagnostics/Control System and its Application to the EBRII.- Accident Diagnosis and Prognosis Aide (ADPA).- Sextant: An Expert System for Transient Analysis of Nuclear Reactors and Integral Test Facilities.- Deep Knowledge Expert System for Diagnosis of Multiple-Failure Severe Transients in Nuclear Power Plant.- Digital Data Monitoring Display and Logging - an Approach to Intelligent Data Display and Control.- MOAS: A Real-Time Operator Advisory System.- Artificial Intelligence Expert System for Nuclear Power Plant Control and Maintenance.- 6 Human-Machine Interface.- An Expert System for Modelling Operators’ Behaviour in Control of a Steam Generator.- Knowledge-Based Dialogue in Intelligent Decision Support Systems.- A Map Multilevel System as a Man-Machine Interface for Emergencies Management.- A Model-Based Display.- Focusing on the Human Factor in Future Expert Systems.- Operator Performance with the Halo II Advanced Alarm System for Nuclear Power Plants - A Comparative Study.- 7 Intelligent Data Base Development.- Reactor Emergency Action Level Monitor: Knowledge Acquisition Experiences.- A Conceptual View Data Model of a Distributed Control and Monitoring System for a Nuclear Power Plant.- An Approach to Build a Knowledge Base for Reactor Accident Diagnostic Expert System.- Incorporating “Fuzzy” Data and Logical Relations in the Design of Expert Systems for Nuclear Reactors.- A Nuclear Facility Security Analyzer Written in Prolog.- An OPS5-English English-OPS5 Parser and Language Generator.- PROLGRAF-B: A Knowledge-Based System for the Automated Construction of Nuclear Plant Diagnostic Models.- 8 Plant Control Systems.- Application of an AI Method to Optimal Reactor Control Problems.- Knowledge-Based Systems and Interactive Graphics for Reactor Control Using the Automated Reasoning Tool (ART) System.- Promises in Intelligent Plant Control Systems.- Using an Integration Development Methodology to Produce a Reactor Control System for the Advanced Test Reactor at the INEL.- Linguistic Control of a Nuclear Power Plant.- Time-Optimal Control of Reactor Power.- A Computer Control System for a Research Reactor.- Structure of Controllers for the Direct Digital Control of Reactor Power: Licensing Implications.- 9 Equipment Diagnostics.- TRIBES - A CPC/CEAC TRIp Buffer Expert System Written in PROLOG.- CRAW - An Expert System for Nuclear Reactor Cover Gas Alarm Analysis.- The Use of Deep Knowledge Qualitative Models as a Basis for Real-Time Diagnostic Support Systems for Power Plant Control Room Operators.- An Expert System for Diesel Generator Diagnostics.- Early Detection and Diagnosis of Disturbances in Nuclear Power Plants.- Macroscopic Mass and Energy Balance for Nuclear Plant Diagnostics Using Fuzzy Logic.- Power Plant Experience with Artificial Intelligence Based, On-Line Diagnostic Systems.- An On-Line Diagnostic Expert System.- Developing an Expert System for Fault Diagnosis of a Turbo Generator Group Using an OPS5 Production Rules Programming Environment.- Expert System for Nuclear Power Plant Feedwater System Diagnosis.- A New Method of Knowledge Processing for Equipment Diagnosis of Nuclear Power Plants.- 10 Operation Analysis Aids.- THEXSYST - An Intelligent Monitor for Reactor Safety Calculations.- Development of “ADRA” - An Alara Design Review Assistant.- Documentation of Knowledge in the Development of CLEO, a Refueling Assistant for FFTF.- ATHENA AIDE - An Expert System for ATHENA Code Input Model Preparation.- A BWR Fuel Channel Tracking System.- Fuel Insert Shuffler: A Case Study of Expert System Development.- An Expert System for Operational Control of PWR Cores.- An Automated Search Procedure for Fuel Shuffling in PWRs Including Rotation Effects.- Plant Status Monitor System Description.- 11 Plant Operations and Support.- An Expert System for Spare Parts Inventory Control.- INSPECTR: A Power Plant Performance Diagnostic Expert System Using Evidential and Model-Based Reasoning.- Production-Rule Analysis System for Nuclear Plant Technical Specifications Tracking.- The Use of PROLOG for Computerized Technical Specifications.- Emergency Procedures Tracking System for Nuclear Power Plants.- A Computerized System for Improved Management and Execution of Plant Procedures.- Computer Aided Procedure Execution.- Interface of an Expert System with On-Line Data for Technical Specification Monitoring.- Integrated Disturbance Analysis (IDA), a Basis for Expert Systems in Nuclear Power Plants.- Development of a Knowledge-Based System for Loop Diagnosis.- Knowledge Based Diagnostics in Nuclear Power Plants.- 12 Probabilistic Risk Assessment.- An Expert System for Fault Tree Analysis.- Reasoning and Representation in RiTSE.- EXPRESS: An Expert System to Perform System Safety Studies.- The Development of an Expert System for Finding Fragility Curves of Building Structural Systems in the Preliminary Design Stage.- A PRA-Based Data Analysis for Use in Computerized Decision Aids.- An Intelligent Man-Machine Interface for Diagnosis.- Time-Dependent Reliability Analysis of Nuclear Reactor Operators Using Probabilistic Network Models.- Using Risk Based Tools in Emergency Response.- 13 Advanced Concepts and Non-Nuclear Applications.- Heuristic Simulation of Nuclear Systems on a Supercomputer Using the HAL-1987 General-Purpose Production-Rule Analysis System.- SOPHIE: An Expert System for the Selection of Hazard Evaluation Procedures.- Advanced Technology for Nuclear Powerplants.- Efficient Diagnostic Search Via Information Entropy Reduction.- The Structure of an Expert System to Diagnose and Supply a Corrective Procedure for Nuclear Power Plant Malfunctions.- CAA - An Expert System for Analysis Management in Chemical Processes.- Diagnostics Aid for Mass Spectrometer Trouble-Shooting.- Uncertainty Propagation in Production-Rule Systems Using a Probability-Possibility Approach.- SIA: A Safeguard Inspector Assistant to Plutonium Isotopic Composition Measurements by Means of Gamma Ray Spectrometry.- Overview of DIVA: An Expert System for Turbine-Generator Diagnosis.- A Computerized Experiment for Comparison Between Methods of Uncertainty Propagation.- Attendees.