Atherosclerosis V : Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium. Questo articolo non è disponibile.Atherosclerosis V : Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium

The objective of the program committee of the Fifth International Symposium on Atherosclerosis was to bring together experts in many disciplines to broaden the scope of the attack on this disease and to foster interaction. Our hope was that such interaction would accelerate the eradication of the disease. The symposium achieved that objective and con­ tinued the tradition of the previous symposia in providing a forum for summaries of recent research developments in the study, treatment and prevention of atherosclerosis. The leading authorities and researchers in this field and in the related areas of interest have presented the newest information, concepts and ideas that have evolved in the past three years since the previous meeting in Tokyo. The most promising fields for future investigation are clearly identified, as are the nature of the controversies that persist in some highly important aspects of treatment of this disease. The appearance of these proceedings so soon after the meeting will greatly enhance the impact of the symposium on current research in atherosclerosis. The program committee is particularly indebted to the excellent response of the inves­ tigators for their willingness to participate in the symposium and for their successful efforts in bringing high quality to their presentations. Their cooperation in the expeditious delivery of manuscripts for this volume has been particularly gratifying. The efforts of Ms. Barbara Allen in preparing this volume bear special note.

Plenary Session: Cardiovascular Surgery (Co-Chairpersons: E. S. Crawford, D. C. Sabiston Jr.).- Atherosclerosis: Patterns and Rates of Progression.- Surgery for Coronary Artery Disease.- Review of 30 Years of Surgery of the Heart and the Great Vessels.- Mechanism of Progress. Page from the History of Cardiovascular Surgery.- Workshop: Coronary Bypass Surgery (Co-Chairpersons: M. E. DeBakey, J. W. Hurst).- My Current Views Regarding Coronary Bypass Surgery.- Results of Coronary Bypass: A Long-Term Perspective.- Current Views Regarding Coronary Bypass Surgery.- Comparison of Medical and Surgical Mortality in a High Risk Subset of Coronary Patients with Extreme Degrees of Exercise-Induced Ischemia.- Workshop: Epidemiology of Atherosclerotic Lesions (Co-Chairpersons: Y. Goto, J. P. Strong).- to Epidemiology of Atherosclerotic Lesions.- Epidemiology of Coronary Atherosclerosis: Postmortem vs Clinical Risk Factor Correlations. The Framingham Study.- Risk Factors for Coronary and Cerebral Atherosclerosis in the Oslo Study.- Atherosclerosis and Its Risk Factors Among Hawaii Japanese.- Atherosclerosis, Smoking and Other Risk Factors.- Workshop: Drug Treatment of Hyperlipidemia (Co-Chairpersons: D. Kritchevsky, R. Paoletti).- Drug Treatment of Hyperlipidemias.- Drug Treatment of Type II Hyperlipoproteinemia. Effects on Plasma Lipid and Lipoprotein Levels.- Synergism in Drug Treatment of Familial Hypercholesterolemia.- Effect of Plasma Lipoextraction and Infusion of Heterologous HDL on the Development of Experimental Atherosclerosis in Rabbits.- New Drug Treatments in Hyperlipidaemia.- Apoprotein Changes Following Treatments with Hypolipidemic Drugs.- Workshop: The Arterial Wall—I (Co-Chairpersons: M. D. Haust, K. W. Walton).- Milieu and Function of Arterial Wall—The Clues to Unique Reactivity.- Atherogenetic Factors Intrinsic to the Artery Wall.- Arterial Endothelium in the Initial Stages of Atherogenesis.- Ultrastructure of the Normal Arterial Endothelium and Intima.- Biochemical Studies on Permeability and the Interaction Between Blood Constituents and Arterial Components in Atherosclerosis.- Smooth Muscle Cells in Atherosclerosis.- Mononuclear Phagocytes in Atherosclerosis.- Altered Permeability in Atherosclerosis—Morphological Evidence.- The Elastic Element in the Arterial Wall: Biosynthesis and Degradation.- Prostacyclin Production by Vascular Smooth Muscle and Endothelial Cells.- Workshop: Lipid, Apoprotein and Lipoprotein Origin and Synthesis (Co-Chairpersons: R. J. Havel, B. Lewis).- Lipid, Apoprotein and Lipoprotein Origin and Synthesis.- Origin in Plasma of Low Density and High Density Lipoproteins.- Biological and Biochemical Aspects of ML-236B (Compactin) and Monacolin K, Specific Competitive Inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Re-ductase.- Biosynthesis of Rat Apolipoprotein E.- Apoprotein Secretion from the Human Intestine.- Nascent VLDL and Nascent HDL from Liver.- Synthesis and Secretion of Very Low Density Lipoprotein by Cultured Rat Hepatocytes.- Workshop: Lipoprotein Structure (Co-Chairpersons: H. B. Brewer, Jr. W. Stoffel.- Topochemical Studies on Human High Density Lipoprotein.- The Associating System of Small Subunits in ApoLDL.- Lipoprotein Structure and the Mechanism of Action of Lipoprotein Lipase.- Structure of High Density Lipoproteins.- Cholesteryl Ester-Rich Very Low Density Lipoproteins: Magnetic Resonance Studies.- Plenary Session: Dietary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease (Co-Chairpersons: R. I. Levy, G. Schettler.- Dietary Prevention of Coronary Artery Disease—A Policy Overview.- Dietary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease.- Evaluation of the Evidence Relating National Dietary Patterns to Disease.- Diet-Lipid-Atherosclerosis Relationship: Epidemiological Evidence and Public Health Implications.- Dietary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease: The Role of Essential Fatty Acids.- Workshop: Hyperlipidemia: Prevalence and Inheritance (Co-Chairpersons: H. A. Eder, J. Slack.- Identification of Children Who Are Heterozygotes for Familial Hypercholesterolaemia.- Lipoprotein and Apoprotein, Adipose Tissue and Hepatic Lipoprotein Lipase Levels in Patients with Familial Hyperchylomicronemia and Their Immediate Family Members.- Studies of a Large French-Canadian Kindred with Two Forms of Hyperlipoproteinemia.- The Complex Genetics of Type III Hyperlipoproteinemia: Influence of Co-inherited Monogenic Hyperlipidemia upon the Phenotypic Expression of Apolipoprotein E3 Deficiency.- Prevalence of Hyperlipoproteinemia in Selected North American Populations.- Hypercholesterolemia Type IIa: Incidence of Secondary, of Familial and of Non-Familial Forms in Central Europe.- Workshop: Risk Factors in Children (Co-Chairpersons: G. S. Berenson, M. J. Jesse).- Clues to Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Disease from an Epidemiologic Study of Children—The Bogalusa Heart Study.- Cigarette Smoking: A Risk Factor for Atherosclerosis in Childhood?.- Nutrient Intake, Lipids, and Lipoproteins in 6–19 Year Old Schoolchildren.- Pediatric Lipoprotein Metabolism and Atherosclerosis: A Prospectus.- Tracking of Coronary Risk Factors in Children: The Muscatine Study.- Risk Factors in Children: Role of Hereditary Hyperlipoproteinemia.- Workshop: Diet Treatment of Atherosclerosis (Co-Chairpersons: W. E. Connor, I. D. Frantz, Jr.).- Diet Treatment of Atherosclerosis.- Body Weight, Dietary Fat, Hyperlipidemia, and Coronary Heart Disease.- Effects of Dietary Fiber on Serum Lipids and Cholesterol Metabolism in Man.- Effects of Dietary Changes on Plasma Lipoprotein Lipids.- Hypolipidemic Diets and Biliary Lipid Composition.- Workshop: Immunology (Co-Chairpersons: J. D. Mathews, C. R. Minick).- Interaction of Genetic and Environmental Factors Causing Atherosclerosis by Immunologic Mechanisms.- Immunologic Arterial Injury and Atherogenesis.- Autoimmune Hyperlipidemia and Autoimmune Xanthomatosis.- Tobacco, Immunologic Injury, and Cardiovascular Disease.- Immunoregulatory Lipoproteins, Viral Hepatitis, and Cancer.- Regulation of Pathways of Lymphocyte Differentiation by the Serum Lipoprotein: LDL-In.- Autoimmune Mechanisms in the Development of Atherosclerosis.- Workshop: Animal Models (Co-Chairpersons: T. B. Clarkson, H.C. McGill).- Nutritional Factors in Atherosclerosis.- Cholesterol-Induced Hyperlipoproteinemia and Atherosclerosis in Dogs, Swine and Monkeys: Models for Human Atherosclerosis.- Dietary Animal Models for Studying Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors.- Transformation of Naturally Occurring Quiescent Intimal Smooth Muscle Cell Masses into Atherosclerotic Lesions in Swine Fed a Hyperlipidemic Diet.- Reversal of Atherosclerosis: Comparison of Non-Human Primate Models.- Workshop: Enzymes of Lipoprotein Metabolism (Co-Chairpersons: J. A. Glomset, K. R. Norum.- Triglyceride Hydrolysis by Lipoprotein Lipase Bound to Endothelial Cells in Culture.- LDL-mediated Endocytosis and Cholesteryl Ester Transfer—Alternative Metabolic Pathways for the Regulation of Cellular Cholesterol Synthesis.- Mode of Action of the Hepatic Endothelial Lipase: Recycling Endocytosis via Coated Pits.- Lipoprotein Lipase and Hepatic Endothelial Lipase are Key Enzymes in the Metabolism of Plasma High Density Lipoproteins, Particularly of HDL2.- How Does Lipoprotein Lipase Bind to Substrate Lipoproteins and How Is Its Activity Regulated?.- Activation of Lipoprotein Lipase by Synthetic Fragments of ApoC-II.- Plenary Session: The Vessel Wall in Atherosclerosis (Co-Chairpersons: J. F. Mustard, R. W. Wissler).- The Vessel Wall and Atherosclerosis.- The Artery Wall and the Pathogenesis of Progressive Atherosclerosis.- Endothelial Dysfunction and the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis.- Prostacyclin and Thromboxane A2 in Platelet Vessel Wall Interactions.- The Platelet-Derived Growth Factor.- Workshop: Non-Dietary, Non-Pharmacological Treatment of Hyperlipidemia (Co-Chairpersons: T. E. Starzl, G. R. Thompson).- Portacaval Shunt for Type II Hyperlipidemia.- Combined Medico-Surgical Strategy for Severe Familial Hypercholesterolaemia.- Plasma Exchange in the Treatment of Familial Hypercholesterolemia.- Partial Heal Bypass: A Test of the Lipid-Atherosclerosis Hypothesis.- Selective Removal of Low Density Lipoproteins from Blood by Affinity Chromatography.- Comparison of Cholestyramine, Heal By-Pass and Portacaval Shunt in the Treatment of Familial Hypercholesterolemia.- Homozygous Hypercholesterolemia; Treatment by Portacaval Shunt.- Workshop: HDL: Negative Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease (Co-Chairpersons: W. P. Castelli, F. H. Epstein).- High Density Lipoproteins: An Overview.- Role of HDL in Individual Prediction and Community Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease.- Cross-Cultural, Ethnic, Demographic, and Environmental Factors Affecting High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Their Mutual Interrelationships with Coronary Heart Disease.- Epidemiology and High Density Lipoproteins.- HDL Cholesterol, Tissue Cholesterol and Coronary Atherosclerosis: Epidemiological Correlations.- Workshop: Clinical Trials (Co-Chairpersons: W. T. Friedewald, J. Stamler).- The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial.- Test of the Lipid Hypothesis: The Coronary Primary Prevention Trial (CPPT) of the Lipid Research Clinics Program.- The Chicago Heart Health Curriculum Program.- Workshop: The Arterial Wall—II (Co-Chairpersons: D. M. Small, E. B. Smith).- Summary of Concepts Concerning the Arterial Wall and Its Atherosclerotic Lesions.- Transport of Macromolecules Across the Artery Wall.- Cholesteryl Ester-Rich Lipid Inclusions in the Development of Experimental Atherosclerosis in Rabbits.- Low Density Lipoproteins in the Aorta: Relation to Atherosclerosis.- Cyclic Nucleotides and Atherosclerosis.- Differences in the Metabolism of Abnormal Atherogenic Low Density Lipoproteins from Cholesterol-Fed Nonhuman Primates by Cells in Culture.- Workshop: Vessel Wall—Platelet Interaction (Co-Chairpersons: H. R. Baumgartner, G. V. R. Born).- Factor VIII/Willebrand Factor and the Interaction of Blood Platelets with Subendothelium.- Do Platelets Contribute to Atherogenesis?.- Platelet and Endothelial Alterations in Experimental Arteriosclerosis.- Endothelium in Experimental Atherosclerosis.- Smooth Muscle Cell Kinetics In Vivo: A Comparative Study.- Workshop: Catabolism of Lipids, Apolipoproteins and Lipoproteins (Co-Chairpersons: D. S. Goodman, P. J. Nestel).- Turnover and Metabolism of Body Cholesterol in Humans.- Turnover of Very Low Density Lipoprotein Proteins.- Low Density Lipoprotein Metabolism in Familial Hypercholesterolemia.- Metabolism of Very Low Density Lipoprotein-Triglyceride in Man.- Effects of Drugs on High Density Lipoprotein Metabolism.- Liver and Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Amongst Lipoprotein—One Suggested Model.- Role of Chylomicrons in Atherogenesis.- Relationship Between the Properties of the Apo B Containing Low-Density Lipoproteins (LDL) of Normolipidemic Rhesus Monkeys and their Mitogenic Action on Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells Grown In Vitro.- Lipoprotein Structure and Metabolism: Inhomogeneity, Variability and Species Specificity.- Structure and Function of the Human Plasma Apolipoproteins.- Enzymatic Regulation of Lipoprotein Catabolism.- Cholesterol Feeding: Effects on Lipoprotein Structure and Metabolism.- Metabolism of Plasma Lipoproteins.- Workshop: Mutants Affecting Lipoproteins and Apoproteins (Co-Chairpersons: G. Assmann, J. A. Little).- Possible Mechanisms of Lipid Storage in Tangier Disease.- to Deficiencies of Apolipoproteins CII and EIII With Some Associated Clinical Findings.- Apolipoprotein CII Deficiency.- Tangier Disease.- Abetalipoproteinemia and Hypobetalipoproteinemia: Questions Still Exceed Insights.- Polymorphism of Apolipoprotein E.- Workshop: Hypertension (Co-Chairpersons: J. M. Laragh, J. R. Mitchell).- Renin Sodium Profiling and Vasoconstriction Volume Analysis of Hypertensive Patients. A New Era for Diagnosis and Treatment.- Aortic Endothelial Changes During the Development and Reversal of Experimental Hypertension.- Atherosclerosis and Its Risk Factors in Japan.- Controlled Therapeutic Trial in Mild Hypertension—Initial Results.- Clinical and Pathogenic Relevance of Erythrocyte Cation Fluxes Measurement in Human Hypertension.- Workshop: Regression (Co-Chairpersons: D. H. Blankenhorn, J. P. Strong).- Estimated Rates of Progression and Regression of Human Femoral and Coronary Atherosclerosis in 45-Year-Old Men.- Community Pathology of Atherosclerosis and Coronary Heart Disease in New Orleans: Relationship of Risk Factors to Atherosclerotic Lesions.- Regression Sequences After Experimental Atherosclerosis.- Changes in Atherosclerotic Lesions Following Surgical Cholesterol Reduction.- Approaches to the Study of Atherosclerosis Regression in Rhesus Monkeys: Interpretation of Morphometric Measurements of Coronary Arteries.- Regression of Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions in Swine.- Differences in the Degradation-Rate of Intracellular Lipid Droplets in the Intimal Smooth Muscle Cells and Macrophages of Regressing Atherosclerotic Lesions of Primates.- Quantitating Rhesus Monkey Atherosclerosis Progression and Regression with Time.- Workshop: The Interrelationship Between Lipid and Prostaglandin Metabolism (Co-Chairpersons: S. Bergstrom, G. S. Boyd).- Prostacyclin and Atherosclerosis—A Hypothesis.- Modulation by Prostaglandins of Vascular Reactivity to Adrenergic Stimuli.- Prostaglandins, Thrombin Receptors and Platelet Aggregation in Normal and Hyper-cholesterolemic Subjects.- Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes and Leukotrienes.- Workshop: Cellular Metabolism of Lipoproteins (Co-Chairpersons: E. L. Bierman, N. Myant.- Role of Hormones Associated with Atherogenesis in Modulating Cellular Metabolism of Lipoproteins.- Platelet Production of Pathological LDL.- Modulation of Cellular Cholesterol Metabolism by LCAT Treated Lipoproteins.- Deposition and Hydrolysis of Cytoplasmic Triglyceride and Cholesterol Ester in Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells in Culture.- The Role of the Liver in LDL Catabolism.- Workshop: Apoprotein Quantification (Co-Chairpersons: P. Alaupovic, D. Seidel).- Standardization of Apolipoprotein Immunoassays by an Isotope Dilution Method.- Rate-Nephelometry of A-I and Electrophoresis.- Methodological Considerations in Apolipoprotein Immunoassay.- Plasma Levels of Some Apolipoproteins in Human Atherosclerosis.- Quantitation of C Apolipoprotein Metabolism in Human Subjects.- Quantitation of Apolipoproteins C-II and C-III in Plasma.