Biodeterioration Research 2 (Paperback)

The present volume contains the majority of the papers presented at the Second Pan-American Biodeterioration Society Meeting held at The George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA, on July 28, 29, 30, and 31, 1988. The sponsors for this symposium included The George Washington University, The Smithsonian Institution, The Virginia Department of Health, The University of Connecticut, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Atlanta University, Ball State University, the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, the Agriculture Research Service/U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the University of Georgia. The program was organized by members of the Program and Planning Committee. They invited leading scientists in specific topic areas and accepted contributed papers from individuals and laboratories actively involved in relevant areas of research and study. The participation of established scientists was encouraged. The Society (PABS) undertook to ensure that the program reflected current developments, informed reviews, embryonic and developing areas, and critical assessment for several aspects of the present state of knowledge as it relates to the major sections of the proceedings. Obviously, not all aspects of biodeterioration or biodegradation are represented.

and Overview.- Biodeterioration: Its Role in Economics, Agriculture, Human Health, Ecology, and Conservation.- Section I General Biodeterioration and Biodegradation.- Public Concerns Regarding Applications of Biotechnologies.- Survival of Archeological Textiles in an Arctic Environment.- Biological Corrosion and Biofilm Effects on Metal Biodeterioration.- A Study Of Al°, Zn°, Sn°, V°, Ti°, Co°, Cu°, Ni°, or Fe° as Sole Electron Sources for Methanogenesis and the Effects of Organotins on Methanogenic Bacteria.- Control of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in Hydrocarbon Fuel Tanks.- Effect of Toxicants on Chitin Decomposition.- Differential Mode of Chitinase Hydrolysis of Chitin And Chitan.- Biodeterioration of Man-Made Textiles in Various Soil Environments.- A Study of Hair Degradation in Agricultural Soil.- The Long Term Effect of Vapona on Textiles: Preliminary Findings.- Kinetics of Microbial Transformation of Organic Pollutants in Natural Aquatic Systems.- Horizontal Gene Transfer among Bacteria in Aquatic Systems: Effects of Nutrient Concentrations.- Endotoxin Contamination and Immunological Analyses of Bulk Samples from a Mushroom Farm.- Cardinal Temperatures for Germination and other Factors Affecting the Germination of Rhizomucor pusillus Sporangiospores.- Use of a Mixed Microbial System in the Removal of Lead from Contaminated Water.- Microbial Deterioration of Lamparosa (Vomer setapinnis) Stored at 2°C.- Section II Mycotoxins as Biodeteriogens.- Importance of Mycotoxins in the Brewing Process.- Health Impact of Mycotoxins in the Home and Workplace: An Overview.- Preharvest Aflatoxin Contamination of Peanuts, Corn, and Cottonseed: A Review.- Survival of Aspergillus flavus Conidia in Soil.- Aflatoxin Occurrence in 1985–86 Corn from Venezuela and its Destruction by the Extrusion Process.- Evaluation of Mycotoxin Production of Two Isolates of Aspergillus flavus on Illicit Marihuana.- Occurrence of Bright Greenish Yellow-Fluorescing Spots Associated with Aspergillus flavus Infection in Fiber of the U.S. Cotton Crop of 1987.- Responses of the American Cockroach, Periplaneta americana (L.), to High Concentrations of Dietary Aflatoxin B1.- Field Testing for Mycotoxins Using the Spectrochrom Myco-Quick Kit and Others.- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay of Aflatoxins B1, B2, and G1 in Corn, Cottonseed, Peanuts, Peanut Butter, and Poultry Feed.- Conversion of Aflatoxins to Bisulfite Adducts for Quantitation and Confirmation.- Mycotoxins in North Carolina 1985 Crop Soybeans. I. Zearalenone and Deoxynivalenol in Soybeans and Soybean Meal.- Mycotoxin Contamination in North Carolina 1985 Crop Soybeans. II. Toxigencity of Fusarium Species Isolated from Contaminated Soybeans.- Chlorella, Ustilago, and Trichoderma Biological Assay for Detection of Macrocyclic Trichothecenes.- Acute Toxicity of Cyclopiazonic Acid in Selected Avian Species.- Allelopathic Potential of Plant-Derived Macrocyclic Trichothecenes on Selected Crop Species.- Temperature-Dependent Toxin Production by Stachybotrys Species.- A Survey for Mold Contaminated Marihuana in the Forensic Laboratory.- Studies on Equine Leukoencephalomalacia.- Altered Differential Leukocyte Counts Induced by Acute and Chronic Administration of Trichothecene T-2 Toxin or Aflatoxin B1.- Section III Timber and Wood Decay.- Dynamics of Decay in Trees and Timber.- In Vitro Growth of Coriolus versicolor, a Wood-Decay Fungus, Responds Differentially to Catechol and Tannic Acid.- Decomposition of Wood by Brown-Rot Fungi.- Manganese as a Probe of Fungal Degradation of Wood.- Oxygen Free Radical Detection in Wood Colonized by the Brown-Rot Fungus, Postia placuenta.- Effects of Brown-Rot Fungi on Cellulose.- Guayule Resin as a Protectant for Wood Against Attack by Various Marine and Terrestrial Wood-Destroying Organisms.- Bacteria, Fungi, and Endotoxin in Stored Timber Logs and Airborne Sawdust in Poland.- Ultrastructure and Amino Acid/Protein Contents of Pinus strobes needles: A Potential Monitor for Ozone (O3).- An Ultrastructural Analysis of Spruce Budworm-Promoted Defoliation in Abies balsamea.- Time of Fertilization in Pinus taeda L. (Loblolly Pine).- Section IV The Role of Biodeteriogens Relevant to Infectious Diseases and Ultrastructure.- Structure of “Sensory” Nerves and Serotonin-like Immunoflorescent Activity in Schistosoma mansoni Miracidia and Cercariae.- Biomphalaria glabrata, a Continuing Environmental Biodeteriogen: Alterations in the Levels of Some Hydrolases Following Schistosoma mansoni Infection. 1. Phosphatases and N-Acetyl-Beta-D-Glucosaminidase.- Cilia Polymorphism among Schistosome Snail Hosts as Revealed by Scanning Electron Microscopy.- Surface Ultrastructural Changes in the Tegument of Cysticercus fasciolaris and Schistosoma mansoni Following In Vitro Low Doses of the Antihelminthic Drug, Oltipraz.- Participants and Addresses.- Author Index.