CIM Computer Integrated Manufacturing: Towards the Factory of the Future

Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) can be realized through modern information processing. The idea of integrating different areas of CIM like Production Planning and Control (PPC), Computer Aided Design (CAD) and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) is explained through operation chains and put into a hierarchical CIM architecture. The book serves as a guide for scientists as well as for people in business.

A. The Meaning of the “I” in CIM.- I. Data and Operations Integration.- II. A Typical CIM Process Chain.- III. The CIM-Enterprise: The Computer Steered Industrial Firm.- IV. CIM Definitions.- B. The Components of CIM.- I. Stage of Development of CIM Components.- a. Production Planning and Control.- 1. Primary Data Management.- 2. Planning Levels.- 3. Degree of Implementation.- 4. New Approaches to PPC Systems.- 4.1 Simultaneous Material and Capacity Management.- 4.2 Load-Oriented Order Release.- 4.3 Kanban.- 4.4 Running Total Concept.- 4.5 MRP II.- 4.6 Decentralization.- b. Computer Aided Design (CAD).- 1. Tasks.- 2. Geometric Models.- 3. CAD Standard Interfaces.- 4. Interactive Control.- c. Computer Aided Planning (CAP).- 1. Work Scheduling for Conventional Processing.- 2. Work Scheduling for NC Machines.- d. Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM).- 1. Automated Production.- 1.1 Machine Tools.- 1.2 Robots.- 1.3 Storage Systems.- 1.4 Conveyance Systems.- 2. Computerized Organizational Forms for Flexible Production.- 2.1 Processing Centers.- 2.2 Flexible Production Cells.- 2.3 Flexible Production Systems.- 2.4 Production and Assembly Islands.- 2.5 Flexible Transfer Lines.- e. Computer Aided Quality Assurance (CAQ).- f. Maintenance.- II. Interfaces Between CIM Components.- a. Data Relationships Between CAD and CAM.- b. Data Relationships Between PPC and CAD/CAM.- 1. Data Flow From CAD/CAM to PPC.- 1.1 Primary Data.- 1.2 Customer Order Data.- 1.3 Production Order Data.- 2. Data Flow From PPC to CAD/CAM.- 2.1 Primary Data.- 2.2 Customer Order Data.- 2.3 Production Order Data.- C. Implementation of CIM: Information Management.- I. Procedures and Project Management for Developing a CIM Strategy.- II. Establishing Objectives.- III. Definition of CIM Process Chains.- a. Sub-Chain 1: Linking Planning and Control.- b. Sub-Chain 2: Linking CAD and CAM.- c. Sub-Chain 3: Linking Master Data Management (Product Description Database).- d. Sub-Chain 4: Linking Production Control and CAM.- e. Sub-Chain 5: Inter-Company Process Chains.- 1. PPC Integration.- 1.1 Initial Position.- 1.2 Data Exchange.- 1.3 Application Integration.- 1.4 General Effects.- 2. CAD/CAM Integration.- 2.1 Initial Position.- 2.2 Data Exchange.- 2.3 Application Integration.- 2.4 General Effects.- f. Sub-Chain 6: Linking Operative Systems with Accounting and Controlling Systems.- IV. Critical Success Factors.- V. CIM Function Levels.- a. Levels Concept.- b. Tasks of a CIM Level.- VI. Data Structures.- VII. Applications Software.- a. Standard Software.- b. In-House Development Using Pre-Fabricated Components and Standards.- c. Expert Systems in CIM.- 1. Structure and Areas of Application (Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing. Dieter Steinmann, Institut für Wirtschaftsinformatik (IWi), University of Saarbrücken).- 2. Expert System for Design Stage Cost Estimation (Dipl.-Inform. Martina Bock, Dipl.-Inform. Richard Bock, Institut für Wirtschaftsinformatik (IWi), University of Saarbrücken).- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Structure and Mode of Operation of Expert Systems.- 2.2.1 Design Stage Cost Estimation in the Planning Phase.- 2.2.2 Design Stage Cost Estimation in Phase 2 of the Design Process.- 2.2.3 Design Stage Cost Estimation in Phase 3 of the Design Process.- 2.3 System Architecture.- VIII. Computer-Technical Model.- a. Hardware Architecture.- b. Integration Instruments.- 1. Organizational Solution.- 2. Use of Tools.- 2.1 Microcomputers/Workstations.- 2.2 Database Query.- 2.3 Networking of Computer Systems.- 2.3.1 Types of Network.- 2.3.2 The Aims of MAP.- 2.3.3 MAP Functions.- 2.3.4 Embedding of MAP in General Network Architectures.- 3. Data Exchange.- 4. Common Database.- 5. Inter-Application Communication.- c. CIM Data Handlers as Integration Bridges.- IX. Implementation Paths.- D. CIM Implementations.- I. CIM Solutions in the German Industry.- a. CIM Implementation at ABS Pumpen AG, Lohmar (Dipl.-Ing. (TU) Klaus Blum, ABS Pumpen AG, Lohmar; Dipl.-Kfm. Wilfried Emmerich, IDS Prof. Scheer GmbH, Saarbrücken).- b. Information and Control System in the Production Area as a Central Agency for the Dataflow of a CIM concept at BMW AG, Dingolfing (Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Richard Baumgartner, BMW AG, Dingolfing).- c. Computerized Flexible Production Chains for Pressed Sheet Metal Parts at MBB, Bremen (Dr.-Ing. Ulrich Grupe).- d. CIM Implementation at Metabowerken, Nürtingen (Dipl.-Ing. Manfred Heubach, Metabowerke, Nürtingen; Dipl.-Kfm. Helmut Kruppke, IDS Prof. Scheer GmbH, Saarbrücken).- 1. Developing a CIM Strategy.- 2. Focal Areas of the Metabo CIM Strategy.- 2.1 Levels Approach in the Production Planning and Control Area.- 2.2 Applications Integration in the Technical Areas.- 2.3 Hardware and Database Model.- 3. Status and Development of the CIM Implementation at Metabo.- e. Fully Automated Material Flow and Information Systems in a Siemens AG Factory (Dipl. rer. pol. Erich Berner, Siemens AG, Poing; Dr. Günter Friedrich, Siemens AG, Munich).- 1. New Directions in CIM Integration.- 2. Structure of the Production and Material Flow in the Factory.- 2.1 Automated Transport System.- 2.2 Receipt of Goods.- 2.3 Parts Production and Flat Assembly Unit Production.- 2.4 Material Supply System for Assembly.- 3. Integration of the Automated Logistic System and Production Planning and Control (PPC).- 4. Integration Axis: Databases and Programs.- 5. Complete CIM System.- f. HP OpenCAM - Realization of a CIM-Strategy for Production Control with ARIS (Architecture of Integrated Information Systems) (Prof. Dr. August-Wilhelm Scheer, Dipl.-Ing. Wolfgang Hoffmann, Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing. Ralf Wein, Institut fuer Wirtschaftsinformatik (IWi), University of Saarland).- 1. The HP OpenCAM Approach to Problem Solving.- 2. Classification of HP OpenCAM with ARIS.- 3. Transparency of the System-Architecture of HP OpenCAM with a Hypermedia Documentation Tool.- 4. Standards used for Realizing HP OpenCAM.- 5. Principles of the Interfaces.- 6. Conclusion.- g. Computer-supported Reengineering of Business Processes: Requirements for Successful Lean Management (Prof. Dr. A.-W. Scheer, Institut fuer Wirtschaftsinformatik (Iwi), University of Saarland).- 1. Introduction.- 2. Architecture for Process-Oriented Information Systems.- 3. Alternative Approaches for Business Process Organization.- 4. Integration, Decentralization and Simplification.- 5. Conclusion.- II. CIM-Solutions in the USA.- a. IBM Works, Lexington (Kentucky).- b. HP Works in Lake Stevens (Washington) and Cupertino (California).- c. LTV Aircraft Products Group, Dallas (Texas).- d. Westinghouse Electrical Corporation, College Station (Texas).- e. DEC Works, Springfield (Massachusetts).- f. Summary.- E. CIM Promotion Measures.- I. The CIM-Technology-Transfer-Centers’ Program Using the Example of the Saarbrücken Site (Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Geib, Dipl.-Ing. Arnold Traut, Institut fuer Wirtschaftsinformatik (IWi), University of Saarland).- a. Tasks of the CIM-Technology-Transfer-Centers.- b. Seminars on CIM.- c. Demonstration Possibilities.- II. CIM in Central and Eastern European Countries (Dr. Thaddäus Eisner, Institut für Wirtschaftsinformatik (Iwi), University of the Saarland).- a. Introduction.- 1. Universities.- 2. The Economy.- b. Cooperation with the European Union.- 1. Cooperation in ”Higher Education”, the TEMPUS program.- 2. Cooperation in ”Research and Development”, the COPERNICUS program.- c. Summary.- III. Cooperation Model of CIM Technology Development and Transfer to Brazil (Prof. Dr. August-Wilhelm Scheer, Dipl.-Ing. Arnold Traut, Dipl.-Kfm. Markus Nüttgens, Institut für Wirtschaftsinformatik (IWi), University of Saarland.- Prof. Dr. Heitor Mansur Caulliraux, Prof. Dr. Roger Boyd Walker, Eng. Arnaldo Ferreira Sima, Coordenação dos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia (COPPE), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)).- a. CIM potential in Brazil.- b. CIM-COOP: Example of an International Cooperation Model.- 1. CIM-COOP Consortium.- 2. CIM-COOP Strategy.- 3. CIM-COOP Demonstration Facilities.- IV. CIM in the Peoples Republic of China: The Chinese 863-program - an introduction (Prof. Dr. August-Wilhelm Scheer, Mag. Wirtsch.-Ing. Rong Chen, Institut fuer Wirtschaftsinformatik (Iwi), University of Saarland).- a. Overview.- b. The General Framework of 863/CIMS.- c. The Progress of 863/CIMS.- d. The Prospect.- F. References.- G. Index.