Connectionist Modelling in Cognitive Neuropsychology : A Case Study: A Special Issue of Cognitive Neuropsychology

Lingua: inglese

Editore: Taylor & Francis Ltd (Sales) Sep 1994, 1994

0863773362 / 9780863773365

Serie: Libro 34 di 34 - Essays in Cognitive Psychology

Da: AHA-BUCH GmbH, Einbeck, GermaniaAHA-BUCH GmbH

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Neuware - Computational models offer tools for exploring the nature of human cognitive processes. In connectionist, neural network, or parallel distributed processing models, information processing takes the form of cooperative and competitive interactions among many simple, neuron-like processing units. These models provide new ways of thinking about the neural basis of cognitive processes, and how disorders of brain function lead to disorders of cognition. This monograph is an expanded version of a recent issue of the journal Cognitive Neuropsychology. It presents the most comprehensive existing 'case study' of how the effects of damage in connectionist models can replicate the detailed and diverse patterns of cognitive impairments that can arise in humans as a result of brain damage.It begins with a review of the basic methodology of cognitive neuropsychology and of other attempts at modeling neuropsychological phenomena. It then focuses on a particular form of acquired reading disorder, 'deep dyslexia,' in which previously literate adults with brain damage exhibit a wide range of symptoms in pronouncing written words, the most striking of which is the production of semantic errors (e.g. reading RIVER as 'ocean').A series of simulations investigate the effects of damage in connectionist models that pronounce written words via their meaning. The work systematically explores each main aspect of the design of the models, identifying the basic computational properties that are responsible for the occurrence of deep dyslexia when the models are damaged.Although the investigation concerns a specific form of reading impairment, the computational principles that emerge as critical are very general ones: representation of concepts as distributed patterns of activity, encoding of knowledge in terms of weights on connections between units, interactivity between units to form stable attractors for familiar activity patterns, and greater richness of concrete vs. abstract semantics. The fact that damage to models embodying these principles and damage to the brain can produce strikingly similar behaviour supports the view that the human cognitive system operates according to similar principles.

Codice articolo 9780863773365

Titolo
Connectionist Modelling in Cognitive Neuropsychology : A Case Study: A Special Issue of Cognitive Neuropsychology
Autore
Tim Shallice
Editore
Taylor & Francis Ltd (Sales) Sep 1994
Anno di pubblicazione
1994
Condizione
Neu
Rilegatura
Buch
Lingua
inglese
ISBN 10
0863773362
ISBN 13
9780863773365
Peso dell'articolo
354 grammi
Dimensioni
229x154x17 mm
Serie
Libro 34 di 34: Essays in Cognitive Psychology

AHA-BUCH GmbH

Einbeck, Germania

Venditore con 5 stelle

Venditore AbeBooks dal 14 agosto 2006

Tariffe di spedizione da Germania a U.S.A.

ArticoloDa 5 a 7 giorni lavorativiDa 7 a 10 giorni lavorativi
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