Riassunto
This book is about compressing data to make digital systems work more effi ciently. According to the dictionary, when something is compressed, it is con densed, squeezed, constricted, or pressed together to fit into less space. Air is compressed for a variety of useful purposes. Businesses are downsized to make them more efficient. We pack our daily schedules tighter and tighter to accomplish more. Who has not crushed an empty soda can for recycling? Many different things can be compressed, including the data in computers, communications links, consumer-electronics gear, and all sizes and shapes of digital systems. Are you curious about how data compression squeezes the "air" out of digital bits? Would you like to know where it is used and, increasingly, why the marketplace demands it be used? Would you like to learn the right way to build data compres sion into your products? Then, this book is for you. This exciting technology and its importance for current and future digital systems are explained in easy to understand terms. No previous knowledge of data compression is required because the necessary technical background is carefully developed. Neither is an extensive understanding of mathematics be cause there are few equations and important ideas are graphically illustrated. If you read any of the popular or professional monthly magazines that cover the latest advances in digital systems, your background is adequate. If you understand this preface, you are ready to tackle this book.
Contenuti
1 Overview.- 1.1 Representation of Information.- 1.2 Data Compression—What Is It and Why Is It Needed.- 1.3 Historical Origins of Data Compression.- 1.4 Marketplace Trends Relating to Data Compression.- 1.5 Data Compression Algorithms.- 1.6 Applications for Data Compression.- 1.7 Integrating Data Compression in Digital Systems.- 1.8 Summary.- I—Marketplace.- 2 Data Compression in the Marketplace.- 2.1 Digital Systems and Applications Trends.- 2.2 The Role of Data Compression.- 2.3 End-User Expectations for Data Compression.- 2.4 Applications: From Dreams to Mass Markets.- 2.5 Summary.- Appendix 2A—Channel Bandwidth.- Appendix 2B—Media Characteristics.- 3 Marketplace Factors.- 3.1 Industry Convergence on Digital Data Representation.- 3.2 Standards for Open Systems.- 3.3 Data Compression Standards and Standards Compliance.- 3.4 Data Compression for Closed Processes.- 3.5 Proprietary, Patented, and Shared Data Compression Technology.- 3.6 Summary.- II—Algorithms.- 4 Compression Algorithms for Symbolic Data.- 4.1 Modeling and Coding.- 4.2 Symbolic Data Compression.- 4.3 Run-Length Coding.- 4.4 Huffman Coding.- 4.5 Arithmetic Coding.- 4.6 Dictionary Compression.- 4.7 State-of-the-Art Symbolic Data Compression and Beyond.- 4.8 Summary.- 5 Compression Algorithms for Diffuse Data.- 5.1 Diffuse Data Compression.- 5.2 Speech Coding.- 5.3 Audio Coding.- 5.4 Image Compression.- 5.5 Video Compression.- 5.6 Alternative Image and Video Compression Methods.- 5.7 Summary.- III—Applications.- 6 Computer Applications.- 6.1 Industry Overview.- 6.2 Computer Storage Hierarchy.- 6.3 Tape Storage Devices.- 6.4 Magnetic Disk Storage.- 6.5 Optical Disc Storage.- 6.6 Solid-State Files.- 6.7 Main Storage.- 6.8 System Software.- 6.9 Database Systems.- 6.10 User Programs.- 6.11 User Data.- 6.12 Chip-to-Chip Compression.- 6.13 Multimedia Computers.- 6.14 Summary.- 7 Communications—Network Applications.- 7.1 Industry Overview.- 7.2 Voice Telecommunications.- 7.3 Data Communications Networks.- 7.4 FAX.- 7.5 Teleconferencing.- 7.6 Audiographics.- 7.7 Videophone.- 7.8 Videoconferencing.- 7.9 Telemetry Systems.- 7.10 Summary.- 8 Communications—Broadcasting Applications.- 8.1 Broadcasting Overview.- 8.2 Terrestrial Broadcast Television.- 8.3 Direct Broadcast Satellite.- 8.4 Cable Television.- 8.5 Telco Video.- 8.6 Wireless Cable.- 8.7 Digital Radio.- 8.8 Summary.- 9 Consumer-Electronics Applications.- 9.1 Industry Overview.- 9.2 Digital Audio—Stereo Gear and Home Theater.- 9.3 Digital Television.- 9.4 Digital Set-Top Boxes.- 9.5 Digital VCRs and Camcorders.- 9.6 Digital Video Disc.- 9.7 Digital Photography.- 9.8 Digital Cameras.- 9.9 Photo CD.- 9.10 Interactive Multimedia Systems.- 9.11 Multimedia PCs.- 9.12 Multifunction Office Machines.- 9.13 Digital Speech Products.- 9.14 Summary.- 10 Publishing Applications.- 10.1 Industry Overview.- 10.2 Traditional Publishing.- 10.3 Electronic Publishing.- 10.4 Summary.- 11 Entertainment Applications.- 11.1 Industry Overview.- 11.2 Media Production and Distribution.- 11.3 Media Archiving.- 11.4 Summary.- 12 Healthcare Applications.- 12.1 Industry Overview.- 12.2 Medical Imaging Systems.- 12.3 IMACS Operation.- 12.4 The Role of Data Compression in IMACS.- 12.5 IMACS Compression Issues.- 12.6 Summary.- IV—Digital Systems.- 13 Digital System Design.- 13.1 Data Compression—Do You Need It?.- 13.2 Selecting an Algorithm.- 13.3 Selecting an Implementation Technique.- 13.4 Where To Do Data Compression.- 13.5 Summary.- 14 Managing Compressed Data.- 14.1 Self-Identifying Compressed Data.- 14.2 Error-Proofing Compression Algorithms.- 14.3 Interaction Between Compression and Other Functions.- 14.4 Interaction Between Compression Algorithms.- 14.5 Operating on Compressed Data.- 14.6 Archiving Compressed Data.- 14.7 Summary.- 15 A Window On The Future.- 15.1 Trends and Directions.- 15.2 Future Applications.- 15.3 Future Digital System Technology.- 15.4 Living in a Changing World.- 15.5 Future Compression Algorithms.- 15.6 Conclusion.- Acronyms and Abbreviations.- References.
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