Data Science, Classification, and Related Methods

This volume, Data Science, Classification, and Related Methods, contains a selection of papers presented at the Fifth Conference of the International Federation of Oassification Societies (IFCS-96), which was held in Kobe, Japan, from March 27 to 30,1996. The volume covers a wide range of topics and perspectives in the growing field of data science, including theoretical and methodological advances in domains relating to data gathering, classification and clustering, exploratory and multivariate data analysis, and knowledge discovery and seeking. It gives a broad view of the state of the art and is intended for those in the scientific community who either develop new data analysis methods or gather data and use search tools for analyzing and interpreting large and complex data sets. Presenting a wide field of applications, this book is of interest not only to data analysts, mathematicians, and statisticians but also to scientists from many areas and disciplines concerned with complex data: medicine, biology, space science, geoscience, environmental science, infonnation science, image and pattern analysis, economics, statistics, social sciences, psychology, cognitive science, behavioral science, marketing and survey research, data mining, and knowledge organization.

General Aspects of Data Science.- Probabilistic Aspects in Classification.- Cluster Validation.- What is Data Science ? Fundamental Concepts and a Heuristic Example.- Fitting Graphs and Trees with Multidimensional Scaling Methods.- Classification and data analysis in finance.- How to validate phylogenetic trees? A stepwise procedure.- Some Trends in the Classification of Variables.- Convexity Methods in Classification.- Methodologies in Classification.- How Many Clusters? An Investigation of Five Procedures for Detecting Nested Cluster Structure.- Partitional Cluster Analysis with Genetic Algorithms: Searching for the Number of Clusters.- Explanatory Variables in Classifications and the Detection of the Optimum Number of Clusters.- Random dendrograms for classifiability testing.- The L p -product of ultrametric spaces and the corresponding product of hierarchies.- Towards Comparison of Decomposable Systems.- Performance of Eight Dissimilarity Coefficients to Cluster a Compositional Data Set.- Consensus of Hierarchical Classifications.- On the Minimum Description Length (MDL) Principle for Hierarchical Classifications.- Consensus Methods for Pyramids and Other Hypergraphs.- On the Behavior of Splitting Criteria for Classification Trees.- Fitting Pre-specified Blockmodels.- Robust impurity measures in decision trees.- Induction of Decision Trees Based on the Rough Set Theory.- Visualizing Data in Tree-Structured Classification.- Adaptive Cluster Analysis Techniques — Software and Applications.- Classification and Discrimination.- The Most Random Partition of a Finite Set and its Application to Classification.- A Mixture Model To Classify Individual Profiles Of Repeated Measurements.- Irregularly Spaced AR (ISAR) Models.- Two Types of Partial Least Squares Method in Linear Discriminant Analysis.- Resampling Methods for Error Rate Estimation in Discriminant Analysis.- A Short Overview of the Methods for Spatial Data Analysis.- Choice of Multiple Representative Signatures for On-line Signature Verification Using a Clustering Procedure.- Related Approaches for Classification.- Algorithms for L 1 and L p Fuzzy c-Means and Their Convergence.- General Approach to the Construction of Measures of Fuzziness of Fuzzy K-Partitions.- Additive Clustering Model and Its Generalization.- A Proposal of an Extended Model of ADCLUS Model.- Comparison of Pruning Algorithms in Neural Networks.- Classification Method by Using the Associative Memories in Cellular Neural Networks.- Application of Kohonen maps to the GPS Stochastic Tomography of the Ionosphere.- Capacities, Credibilities in Analysis of Probabilistic Objects by Histograms and Lattices.- Symbolic Pattern Classifiers Based on the Cartesian System Model.- Extension based proximities between constrained Boolean symbolic objects.- Towards A Normal Symbolic Form.- The SODAS Project: a Software for Symbolic Data Analysis.- Classification Structures for Cognitive Maps.- Unsupervised Concept Learning Using Rough Concept Analysis.- Implicative statistical analysis.- Correspondence Analysis, Quantification Methods, and Multidimensional Scaling.- Correspondence Analysis, Discrimination, and Neural Networks.- Exploratory data analysis for Hayashi’s quantification method III by graphics.- Exploring Multidimensional Quantification Space.- Homogeneity Analysis for Partitioning Qualitative Variables.- Determining the Distance Index, II.- Meta-data and Strategies of Textual Data Analysis: Problems and Instruments.- Clustering of Texts using Semantic Graphs. Application to Open-ended Questions in Surveys.- How to find the nearest by evaluating only few? Clustering techniques used to improve the efficiency of an Information Retrieval system based on Distributional Semantics.- Fitting the CANDCLUS/MUMCLUS Models with Partitioning and Other Constraints.- A Distance-Based Biplot for Multidimensional Scaling of Multivariate Data.- Latent-class scaling models for the analysis of longitudinal choice data.- Multivariate and Multidimensional Data Analysis.- Nonlinear Multivariate Analysis by Neural Network Models.- Generalized Canonical Correlation Analysis with Linear Constraints.- Principal Component Analysis Based on a Subset of Variables for Qualitative Data.- Missing Data Imputation in Multivariate Analysis.- Recent Developments in Three-Mode Factor Analysis: Constrained Three-Mode Factor Analysis and Core Rotations.- Tucker2 as a Second-order Principal Component Analysis.- Parallel Factor Analysis with Constraints on the Configurations: An overview.- Regression Splines for Multivariate Additive Modeling.- Bounded Algebraic Curve Fitting for Multidimensional Data Using the Least-Squares Distance.- Using the Wavelet Transform for Multivariate Data Analysis and Time Series Analysis.- Visual Manipulation Environment for Data Analysis System.- Human Interface for Multimedia Database with Visual Interaction Facilities.- Case Studies of Data Science.- Proposition of a new Paradigm for a scientific Classification for Leadership Behavior Research Perspective.- Structure of Attitude toward Nuclear Power Generation.- Research Concerning the Consciousness of Women’s Attitude toward Independence.- A Cross-National Analysis of the Relationship between Genderedness in the Legal Naming of Same-Sex Sexual/Intimate Relationships and the Gender System.- A Constrained Clusterwise Regression Procedure for Benefit Segmentation.- Application of Classification and Related Methods to SQC Renaissance in Toyota Motor.- Application of Statistical Binary Tree Analysis to Quality Control.- Analysis of Preferences for Telecommunication Services in Each Area.- Effects of End-Aisle Display and Flier on the Brand-Switching of Instant Coffee.- On the classification of environmental data in the Bavarian Environment Information System using an object-oriented approach.- Cluster Analysis of Associated Words Obtained from a Free Response Test on Tokyo Bay.- Data Analysis of Deer-Train Collisions in Eastern Hokkaido, Japan.- Comparison of some numerical data between the belisama group of the genus Delias Hübner (Insecta: Lepidoptera) from Bali Island, Indonesia.- A method for classifying unaligned biological sequences.- An Approach to Determine the Necessity of Orthognathic Osteotomy or Orthodontic Treatment in a Cleft Individual.- Data Analysis for Quality of Life and Personality.