Dimensional Approaches in Diagnostic Classification

Since its initial publication more than 50 years ago, the DSM has systematized the complex intellectual and clinical process of diagnosing mentally ill persons through the use of categories and classification. The manuals have provided a consistent diagnostic language for clinical work, research, and teaching; have established a common international taxonomic standard; and have provided psychiatrists with a means of communicating with patients and the public. With a new iteration of the DSM on the horizon, the APA has initiated a multiphase research review process designed to set the stage for the fifth revision, due to be published in 2013.

This book brings together the most promising research presented at the conference "The Future of Psychiatric Diagnosis: Refining the Research Agenda," which was convened by the APA, in collaboration with the World Health Organization and the U.S. National Institutes of Health. Conferees were challenged to go beyond the current categorical definitions set forth in DSM-III and DSM-IV and suggest ways of incorporating more quantitative, dimensional concepts into DSM-V. The resulting work: Addresses the challenge of creating dimensional measures that are compatible with existing categorical definitions and do not unduly disrupt clinical practice Applies a dimensional approach to a broad range of diagnoses, including substance dependence, major depressive episode, psychosis, anxiety disorders, developmental psychopathology, and personality disorders Facilitates the development of broadly agreed upon criteria that researchers worldwide can use in planning and conducting future research exploring the etiology and pathophysiology of mental disorders Identifies and encourages the empirical research necessary to allow informed decision making regarding deficiencies acknowledged in DSM-IV Promotes international collaboration with the objective of eliminating the remaining disparities between DSM-V and the International Classification of Diseases Mental and Behavioural Disorders Section, the next edition of which is due to be released in 2014.

The book's painstaking scholarship and thoughtful conclusions should stimulate interest in finding new ways of combining categorical and dimensional approaches in psychiatric nosology. Clinicians and researchers in the United States and the international psychiatric community will discover, in these pages, the beginnings of a new, quantitative methodology that represents the next stage in the evolution of DSM.

John E. Helzer, M.D., is Professor of Psychiatry and Director of the Health Behavior Research Center at University of Vermont College of Medicine in Burlington, Vermont.

Helena Chmura Kraemer, Ph.D., is Professor Emerita of Biostatistics in Psychiatry in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University in Palo Alto, California.

Robert F. Krueger, Ph.D., is Professor of Clinical Psychology, and Personality, Individual Differences, and Behavior Genetics in the Department of Psychology at the University of Minnesota in Minneapo¬lis, Minnesota.

Hans-Ulrich Wittchen, Ph.D., is Director of the Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy at Technische Univer¬sität Dresden in Dresden, Germany.

Paul J. Sirovatka, M.S., was Director of Research Policy Analysis at the Division of Research and American Psychiatric Institute for Research and Education at the American Psychiatric Association in Arlington, Virginia.

Darrel A. Regier, M.D., M.P.H., is Executive Director of the American Psychiatric Institute for Research and Education and Director of the Division of Research at the American Psychiatric Association in Arlington, Virginia.