Today more than 5 million chemicals are known and roughly 100,000 of them are frequently used, with both numbers rising. Many of these chemicals are ultimately released into the environment and may cause adverse effects to ecosystems and human health. Effect-directed analysis (EDA) is a promising tool for identifying predominant toxicants in complex, mostly environmental mixtures combining effect testing, fractionation and chemical analysis. In the present book leading experts in the field provide an overview of relevant approaches and tools used in EDA. This includes diagnostic biological tools, separation techniques and advanced analytical and computer tools for toxicant identification and structure elucidation. Examples of the successful application of EDA are discussed such as the identification of mutagens in airborne particles and sediments, of endocrine disruptors in aquatic ecosystems and of major toxicants in pulp and paper mill effluents. This book is a valuable, comprehensive and interdisciplinary source of information for environmental scientists and environmental agencies dealing with the analysis, monitoring and assessment of environmental contamination.
Early Evolution of the Toxicity Identification Evaluation Process: Contributions from the United States Environmental Protection Agency Effluent Testing Program
Gerald T. Ankley, James R. Hockett, Donald I. Mount, David R. Mount
Recent Developments in Whole Sediment Toxicity Identification Evaluations (TIEs): Innovations in Manipulations and Endpoints
Robert M Burgess, Kay T Ho, Adam D Biales, Werner Brack
Considerations for Incorporating Bioavailability in Effect-Directed Analysis and Toxicity Identification Evaluation
Werner Brack, Robert M Burgess
Diagnostic tools for Effect-Directed Analysis of mutagens, AhR agonists and endocrine disruptors
Gisela Umbuzeiro, Miroslav Machala, Jana Weiss
Separation Techniques in Effect-Directed Analysis
Werner Brack, Nadin Ulrich, Mahmoud Bataineh
Simultaneous screening and chemical characterization of bioactive compounds using LC-MS based technologies (affinity chromatography)
Martin Giera and Hubertus Irth
Advanced GC-MS and LC-MS tools for structure elucidation in effect-directed analysis
Pim Leonards, Rikke Brix, Damià Barceló, and Marja Lamoree
Computer Tools for Structure Elucidation in Effect-Directed Analysis
Emma Schymanski, Tobias Schulze, Jos Hermans and Werner Brack
Effect-directed analysis of mutagens in ambient airborne particles
John L. Durant and Arthur L. Lafleur
Effect-Directed Analysis of endocrine disruptors in aquatic ecosystems
Corine J. Houtman, Juliette Legler, Kevin Thomas
Effects-directed studies of pulp and paper mill effluents
Mark Hewitt
Effect-directed analysis of Ah-receptor mediated toxicants, mutagens and endocrine disruptors in sediments and biota
Markus Hecker and John P. Giesy
Ecological relevance of key toxicants in aquatic systems
Mechthild Schmitt-Jansen, Peter von der Ohe, Stephanie Franz, Stefanie Rotter, Sergi Sabater, Dick de Zwart, Helmut Segner
