Finite elements in water resources. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference, Hannover, Germany, June 1982.

These proceedings contain the papers presented at the Fourth International Conference on Finite Elements in Water Resources, held in June, 1982, at the University of Hannover, Federal Re- public of Germany. This Conference continued the successful series of previous conferences held at Princeton University in 1976, at Imperial College in 1978, and at the University of Mississippi in 1980. Since Finite Elements have proved to be a powerful means for analysing water resource problems, the principal objective of the Conference was to provide an exchange of experiences in practical applications of the finite element method and to establish a forum for discussion regarding accuracy, economy, limitations and improvements. Related discretization methods were included within the scope of the Conference. New develop- ments in numerical and computational techniques, basic mathe- matical formulations, and soft- and hardware aspects were considered to be equally important topics for an exchange of ideas between both theoretically and practically oriented re- searchers. The Conference Organizing Committee is very grateful to the many distinguished scientists who attended the Conference, and for their contributions towards the proceedings. This collection of papers in being made available to a wider audience of en- gineers and scientists by CML Publications in Southampton, U.K.

1. General Lectures.- Numerical Modelling of the Global Atmosphere.- Overview of the Finite Element Method in Groundwater Hydrology.- Solving Turbulent Flow Problems Using the FEM.- 2. Mathematics und Numerical Techniques.- Petrov-Galerkin Schemes for the Steady State Convection-Diffusion Equation.- Hybrid and Mixed Finite Elements in Fluid Mechanics.- The Reliability Estimates and Adaptivity in Finite Element Engineering Computations.- On the Accuracy and Efficiency of a Finite Element Algorithm for Hydrodynamic Flows.- Implementation of a Direct Method for the Biharmonic Problem in the Context of a Code Using Substructuration.- Discrete Optimization of Finite-Element Solutions: A Concept Discussed for the Diffusion-Advection Problem.- On a Direct Approach for the Solution of Linear Space-Invariant 2-D Differential Convolution Models.- Mixed Finite Element Methods for Nonlinear Problems.- Certain Variational Principles with no Constraints for Fluid-Solid Strong Interaction.- 3. Solution of the Navier-Stokes Equations.- Convective and Radiative Transfer Past a Porous Flat Plate in Compressible Flow.- Effective Transient Compressible Flow Analysis in Pipe Networks.- Continuation Methods for the Finite Element Solution of Turbulent Flow.- The Application of FEM and FDM to Flow Separation Pattern; A Comparison Study.- Current Progress in Solving the Time-Dependent, Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations in Three-Dimensions by (Almost) the FEM.- 4. Open Channel Flow Calculations.- A Distributed Rainfall-Runoff Model.- Numerical Computation of Supercritical and Subcritical Flows in Open Channels with Varying Cross-Sections.- Finite Element Solution of the Lagrangian Equations of Unsteady Free-Surface Flows on Dry River Beds.- A Hydrodynamic Model for Open Channel Flow Problems.- On the Use of Explicit Methods of Solution of the Saint Venant Equations for Open Channel Flow.- 5. Numerical Techniques for Tidal and Ocean Flow.- Some Recent Developments and Prospects in Finite Difference Methods.- A Time Integration Technique for Modelling of Small Amplitude Tidal Waves.- Formulating a Three-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Sea Model Using a Mixed Galerkin-Finite Difference Method.- Feasability of Finite Element Methods for Oceanic General Circulation Modelling.- The Use of Kalman-Bucy Filters in Forecasting the Water Levels in the Dutch Coastal Area.- Time-Weighting of the Momentum Equation in Explicit Wave Equation Models of Surface Water Flow.- Formulating Layered and Semi-Analytic Finite Element Flow Programs with Variable Eddy Viscosity.- Tidal Propagation in a Rectangular Basin of the Bay of Fundy.- F. E. Analysis of Waves in a Semi-Infinite Layer of Fluid.- 6. Simulation of Tidal and Ocean Flow Processes.- Numerical Modeling of Storm Surge Generation Phenomena.- Typhoon Surge Analysis by Selective Lumping Two Step Explicit Finite Element Method.- Tidal River Flow Calculations with Measured Velocities on the Open Boundaries.- Residual Currents During Changing Meteorological Circumstances.- Some Computational Problems of Oceanography.- 7. Lake Circulation.- Computation of Wind-Driven Circulation in Shallow Lakes.- A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Model For Stratified Flow.- Finite Element Analysis of Water Quality in Lake Erie.- Calculation of Lake Circulation with Threedimensional Finite Elements.- 8. Modern Software Developments.- A Microcomputer Program for Design of the Self Retiming Mechanics of Large Tidal Power Sites.- Automatic Generation of Finite Element Network for Bi-Dimensional and Quasi-Three-Dimensional Equations Governing the Groundwater Flow.- Procedure of Mesh Data Generation in Codes for the Analysis of Viscous Flow.- 9. Numerical Techniques in Groundwater Flow.- Some Experiences Using Finite Element Methods for Fluid Flow Problems.- Software Developments for Finite Element Applications.- Finite Element Analysis of Interface Problem in Non-Steady Seepage.- A Frontal Method Based Solution of the Quasi-Three-Dimensional Finite Element Model for Interconnected Aquifer Systems and Fluid Mass Balance Evaluation. Steady and Unsteady Equations.- Solution of Immiscible Displacement in Porous Media Using the Collocation Finite Element Method.- The Streamfunction Method A Direct Approach to Simulate Groundwater Flow.- 10. Simulation of Groundwater Flow.- Influence of a Soil Pipe Network on Catchment Hydrology.- Adaptation of FEAP for Seepage with a Free Surface.- Finite Element Computations of Horizontal Groundwater Flow with Moving Boundaries.- Finite-Element Investigation of the Groundwater Basin of the Szentendre Island, Hungary.- Interconnected Groundwater Systems Simulation (IGROSS) Description of the System and its Application to the Western Libya Regional Aquifer.- Finite Element Simulation of the Transient Exploitation of a Coastal Aquifer.- Numerical Simulation of Infiltration into Porous Media and Response of the Water Table.- Comparison of Three Models of a Dual Aquifer System.- 11. Groundwater, Soil and Interaction.- A Hybrid Model to Simulate Landsubsidence Due to Groundwater Recovery.- Finite Element Analysis of Soil Moisture Flow and Moisture Stress in a Dessicating Soil.- 12. Flow in Rocky Material.- Numerical Modelling of Rubble Mound Breakwaters.- Finite Element Simulation of Contaminant Transport in Fractured Rock near Karlshamn, Sweden.- 13. Transport Processes in Groundwater Flow.- Finite Element Solutions of Coupled Groundwater Flow and Transport Equations under Transient Conditions Including the Effect of the Selected Time Step Sizes.- Numerical Estimation of the Solution of the Diffusion Equation with fixed Dirichlet-Type Boundary Conditions.- The Principal Direction Technique: A New Approach to Groundwater Contaminant Transport Modelling.- Numerical Solution of Heat and Water Transport in an Unsaturated Freezing Soil.- FE Model of Stochastic Ground Water Pollution.- 14. Numerical Techniques for the Solution of the Transport Equation.- On the Numerical Solution of the Diffusion-Convection Equation.- Transport Simulation Using Three Dimensional Alternating Direction Collocation.- The Discrete Element Method for Different Upwind Schemes and Curving Boundaries.- Finite Element Techniques in Transport Phenomena.- Eulerian-Lagrangian Methods for Advection-Dispersion.- Numerical Solution of Diffusive-Convective Differential Problems by General Finite Difference Forms.- Petrov-Galerkin Methods for Two Dimensional Flow Calculations.- Numerical Solution of Three-Dimensional and Time-Dependent Advection-Diffusion Equations by Collocation Methods.- 15. Simulation of Transport Processes.- Thermal Discharge Analysis in St.-Lawrence River by Finite Elements: A Case Study.- Water Quality Modeling with Finite Elements and Interactive Graphics.- Tidal Current and Substance Dispersion by Finite Element Method Using Finite Difference Technique.- Simulation Analysis for Diffusion of Discharged Warm Water in the Bay by Finite Elements.- 16. Numerical Models of Sediment Transport.- Hydrotransportation as a Point Process.- Finite Element Modelling of Sediment Transport in an Estuary.- Mathematical Modelling of Time Dependent Wave Attenuation and Discrete Solid Body Transport in Gravity driven Partially Filled Pipe Flows.- Computer Simulation of Sedimentation Processes.- 17. Flow Induced Forces in Structures.- A New Hydrodynamic Model for Restricted Fluid Domains.- Wave Action on Floating Structures and Wave Propagation Using Finite Elements Method.- Numerical Solution of Some Linear Evolution Problems in Naval Hydrodynamics.- Calculation of the Value of the Hydrodynamic Forces Acting on a Culvert Tainter Valve by Means of the Finite Elements Method.- Simulation of Free Jet Trajectories for the Design of Aeration Devices on Hydraulic Structures.- 18. Parameter Estimation and Optimization.- A General Approach doe Water Quality.- Aquifer Parameter Identification Using Stochastic Approximation.- Identification of Soil Parameters for an Infiltration Problem.- Optimal Operation of Wells in a Multilayered Leaky Aquifer.- 19. Boundary Element Method.- Some Applications of the Boundary Element Method for Potential Problems.- Boundary Element Method: Processing of the Source Term of the Poisson Equation by Means of Boundary Integrals only.- Finite Element Analysis of Momentum Transfer in Rivers of Complex Cross Section.