Intelligent Macromolecules for Smart Devices : From Materials Synthesis to Device Applications

Demand for this book will be generated by the large number of companies and academic institutions interested in research in nanomaterials and devices. Both academics and industrial engineers needing to know the background and latest research in the area of smart materials will want to read this book.

1 The Concepts of Intelligent Macromolecules and Smart Devices 1.1 Introduction 1.2 The Concept of Intelligent Macromolecules 1.2.1 Synthetic Macromolecules 1.2.1.1 Chain Structure and Classification 1.2.1.2 Synthesis 1.2.1.3 Chain Conformation 1.2.1.4 Macromolecular Structure in Solution 1.2.1.5 Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternary Structure 1.2.2 Biological Macromolecules 1.2.2.1 Structure of DNA 1.2.2.2 Structure of Proteins 1.2.2.3 Structure of Polysaccharides 1.2.3 Carbon Nanomaterials 1.2.4 Intelligent Macromolecules 1.3 The Concept of Smart Devices 1.3.1 Self-assembling and Micro-/Nano-fabrication 1.3.2 Functional Structures and Smart Devices 1.4 References Part I. Intelligent Macromolecules 2 Conducting Polymers 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Conjugated Conducting Polymers 2.2.1 Structure and Properties 2.2.1.1 - * Conjugation 2.2.1.2 Doping 2.2.2 Synthesis 2.2.2.1 Syntheses of Soluble Conjugated Polymers 2.2.2.2 Syntheses of Conjugated Polymer Films 2.3 Charge Transfer Polymers 2.3.1 Organic Charge Transfer Complexes 2.3.2 Polymeric Charge Transfer Complexes 2.3.3 Charge Transfer Between Fullerene C60 and Polymers 2.4 Ionically Conducting Polymers 2.4.1 Structural Features of Polymer Electrolytes 2.4.2 Transport Properties and Chain Dynamics 2.5 Conductively Filled Polymers 2.5.1 Polymers Filled with Conductive Solids 2.5.2 Polymers Filled with Conjugated Conducting Polymers 2.6 References 3 Stimuli-responsive Polymers 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Solvent-responsive Polymers 3.3 Temperature-responsive Polymers 3.3.1 Temperature-responsive Polymers in Solution 3.3.2 Temperature-responsive Polymers on Surface 3.4 pH-responsive Polymers 3.5 Ionically Responsive Polymers 3.6 Electrically Responsive Polymers 3.7 Photoelectrochromism 3.8 PhotoresponsivePolymers 3.9 Biochromism 3.10 Photomodulation of Enzyme Activity 3.11 References 4 Dendrimers and Fullerenes 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Dendrimers 4.2.1 Synthesis 4.2.1.1 Divergent Approach 4.2.1.2 Convergent-growth Approach 4.2.1.3 Other Miscellaneous Approaches 4.2.2 Structure 4.2.2.1 Dendrimers with a Metal Core 4.2.2.2 Dendrimers with a Hollow Core 4.2.2.3 Dendrimers with a Hydrophobic Interior and Hydrophilic Exterior Layer 4.2.2.4 Dendrimers with Guest Molecules Trapped in their Cavities 4.2.2.5 Dendrimers with Different Terminal Groups 4.3 Fullerene C60 4.3.1 Chemistry of C60 4.3.1.1 Addition Reactions 4.3.1.2 Dimerization and Polymerization 4.3.2 Polymeric Derivatives of C60 4.3.2.1 Fullerene Charm Bracelets 4.3.2.2 Fullerene Pearl Necklaces 4.3.2.3 Flagellenes 4.4 References 5 Carbon Nanotubes 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Structure 5.3 Property 5.4 Synthesis 5.4.1 Multi-wall Carbon Nanotubes (MWNTs) 5.4.2 Single-wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWNTs) 5.5 Purification 5.6 Microfabrication 5.6.1 Opening, Filling and Closing 5.6.2 Filling 5.6.3 Tip-closing 5.7 Chemical Modification 5.7.1 End-functionalization 5.7.1.1 Oxidation of Carbon Nanotubes 5.7.1.2 Covalent-Coupling via the Oxidized Nanotube Ends 5.7.2 Modification of Nanotube Outerwall 5.7.2.1 Sidewall Fluorination of Carbon Nanotubes 5.7.2.2 The Attachment of Dichlorocarbene to the Sidewall 5.7.2.3 Modification via 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides 5.7.2.4 The Reaction Between Aniline and Carbon Nanotubes 5.7.3 Functionalization of Carbon Nanotube Innerwall 5.7.4 Other Physical Chemistries of Carbon Nanotubes 5.7.4.1 Modification of Carbon Nanotubes via Mechanochemical Reactions 5.7.4.2 Modification of Carbon Nanotubes via Electrochemical Reactions 5.7.4.3 Modification of Carbon Nanotubes via Photochemical Reactions 5.8 Non-covalen