Multisensory Control of Posture. Questo articolo non è disponibile.Multisensory Control of Posture

From recent developments in the rapidly growing area of neuroscience it has become increasingly clear that a simplistic description of brain function as a broad collection of simple input-output relations is quite inadequate. Introspection already tells us that our motor behavior is guided by a complex interplay between many inputs from the outside world and from our internal "milieu," internal models of ourselves and the outside world, memory content, directed attention, volition, and so forth. Also, our motor activity normally involves more than a circumscribed group of muscles, even if we intend to move only one effector organ. For example, a reaching movement or a reorientation of a sensory organ almost invariably requires a pattern of preparatory or assisting activities in other parts of the body, like the ones that maintain the body's equilibrium. The present volume is a summary of the papers presented at the symposium "Sensory Interaction in Posture and Movement Control" that was held at Smolenice Castle near Bratislava, Slovakia, as a Satellite Symposium to the ENA Meeting 1994 in Vienna. The focus of this meeting was not only restricted to the "classical" sensory interactions such as between vestibular and visual signals, or between otolith and semicircular canal inputs. Rather, the symposium tried to consider also the interplay between perception and action, between reflexive and volitional motor acts as well as between sensory driven or self-initi­ ated motor acts and reafferent inputs.

Multisensory Control of Movements at Spinal Levels and Its Supraspinal Modulation; E.D. Schomburg. Involvement of Deep Cerebellar Nuclei in Attentive and Orienting Motor Responses; J.M. Delgado-García, A. Gruart. Adaptability of Adult Mammalian Motoneurons to New Motor Tasks; A. Gruart, et al. Type I Medial Vestibular Neurons during Alertness, following Adaptation, and during REM Sleep Episodes in the Headfixed Guineapig; M. Serafin, et al. Adaptive Changes in Gain of the Vestibulospinal Reflex during Sustained Neckvestibular Stimulation; O. Pompeiano. Neural Integration of Visual Information and Direction of Gravity in Prestriate Cortex of the Alert Monkey; X.M. Sauvan, E. Peterhans. Proprioceptive and Cutaneous Feedback in the Modulation of Cortical Output in Man; P.H. Ellaway. The Role of Proprioceptive and Vestibular Signals in Triggering and Modulating Postural Synergies; J.H.J. Allum. Characteristics of Head and Neck Stabilization in Two Planes of Motion; E. Keshner, et al. Principal Component Analysis of Axial Synergies during Upper Trunk Forward Bending in Humans; A. Alexandrov, et al. Do Equilibrium Constraints Determine the Center of Mass Position during Movement? J. Massion, et al. 35 additional articles. Index.