Nowadays, newly developed software packages are often obsolete already at the time of their introduction. Object-oriented software development is a possible—if not the only—solution to this dilemma: applications are modeled as software objects that describe the properties and the behavior of real-world entities. Such objects are encapsulated, in that they hide—behind a publicly known interface—the complexity of their internal data structures and behaviors. This enables objects to be used in a wide range of program packages without needing to know the details of their internal implementation.
Linking object-oriented modeled applications with a database places special demands on a database management system and development environment when the usual performance and semantics losses are to be avoided. This book provides a detailed description of the object model of the Caché postrelational database. In addition, it guides the reader step-by-step through the development of postrelational applications. The accompanying CD-ROM contains the complete associated software:
InterSystems Caché™ 4.0 Single-User
© 1997-2000 InterSystems Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft® Visual Basic® 6 Working Model Edition
© 1997-1999 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft® Internet Explorer® 5.5 Service Pack 1
© 1995-2000 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
The use of this licensed software is governed by an end user license agreement contained in the software.
System requirements
PC with Intel CPU (Pentium or better), CD-ROM drive, Windows 95/98/Me or Windows NT/2000, 64 MB main memory (128 MB recommended), 100 MB free disk space.
1 First Steps.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 System Requirements.- 1.3 Installation.- 1.3.1 Installation of Supplementary Software.- 1.3.2 Installation of Caché.- 1.4 Using Caché.- 1.4.1 The Caché Cube.- 1.4.2 The Caché Utilities.- 1.5 Step-by-Step Through the First Example.- 1.5.1 The Task.- 1.5.2 Caché Object Architect.- 1.5.3 Create a Query.- 1.5.4 Caché Form Wizard.- 1.6 Outlook.- 2 Introduction to Object Technology.- 2.1 Overview.- 2.2 Objects, Properties, Methods, and Messages.- 2.3 Object Classes and Instances.- 2.4 Class Hierarchies and Inheritance.- 2.5 Abstract and Final Classes.- 2.6 Polymorphism.- 2.7 Complex Objects.- 2.8 Persistency and Other Requirements of Object Technology on a Database System.- 2.9 The Process of Object-Oriented Software Development.- 3 The Caché Object Model.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.1.1 Characteristics of Caché Objects.- 3.1.2 Components of Caché Objects.- 3.2 Class Types.- 3.2.1 Data Type Classes.- 3.2.2 Object Classes.- 3.2.3 Non-Registered Object Classes.- 3.2.4 Registered Object Classes.- 3.2.5 Embeddable Object Classes.- 3.2.6 Persistent Object Classes.- 3.3 Elements of Classes.- 3.3.1 Keywords.- 3.3.2 Properties.- 3.3.3 Methods.- 3.3.4 Class Parameters.- 3.3.5 Queries.- 3.3.6 Indexes.- 3.4 Inheritance.- 3.4.1 Single Inheritance.- 3.4.2 Multiple Inheritance.- 3.5 Compile Classes.- 4 The Definition of Classes.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Caché Object Architect.- 4.2.1 Packages.- 4.2.2 Class Definition.- 4.2.3 Properties.- 4.2.4 Methods.- 4.2.5 Class Parameters.- 4.2.6 Queries.- 4.3 Managing Classes with Caché Explorer.- 4.4 The Class Definition Language (CDL).- 4.4.1 Conventions.- 4.4.2 Code Formatting and Comments.- 4.4.3 Definition of Classes.- 4.4.4 Definition of Properties.- 4.4.5 Definition of Methods.- 4.4.6 Definition of Class Parameters.- 4.4.7 Definition of Queries.- 4.4.8 Definition of Indexes.- 4.4.9 Definition of Triggers.- 4.4.10 Complete Example.- 4.5 Caché Objects Utilities at the Command Level.- 4.5.1 Caché Terminal and the Command Level.- 4.5.2 Load and Compile CDL Files.- 4.5.3 Export Class Definitions.- 4.5.4 The flag and errorlog Arguments and Status Codes.- 4.5.5 Delete Classes.- 4.5.6 Indirect Call of a Method.- 4.5.7 Determine the Version Number.- 4.5.8 Default Settings for Concurrency and Transaction Mode.- 4.5.9 Query Error Messages.- 5 Fundamentals of Caché ObjectScript.- 5.1 Basic Structures of Caché ObjectScript.- 5.1.1 Variables.- 5.1.2 Operators and Expressions.- 5.1.3 Commands.- 5.1.4 Intrinsic Functions.- 5.1.5 Lists.- 5.2 Routines in Caché.- 5.2.1 Types of Routines.- 5.2.2 Creating Routines with Caché Studio.- 5.2.3 Basic Structures of a Routine.- 5.2.4 Local Variables in Routines.- 5.2.5 Explicit Passing of Values.- 5.2.6 Procedures.- 5.2.7 Extrinsic Functions.- 5.3 Procedural, Structured Programming.- 5.3.1 Command Constructs for Flow Control.- 5.3.2 General Rules for Code Blocks.- 5.3.3 Line-Oriented Flow Control.- 5.3.4 Alternatives with $CASE.- 5.4 Error Processing.- 5.4.1 Introduction.- 5.4.2 Overview of Error Processing.- 6 Object Access and Persistency.- 6.1 Objects in Caché ObjectScript.- 6.1.1 Object Identity and Access to Objects.- 6.1.2 Naming, Conventions, and Restrictions.- 6.1.3 Dot Syntax.- 6.1.4 Features of Properties.- 6.1.5 Features of Methods.- 6.1.6 Declaration and Casting.- 6.2 Object Persistency.- 6.2.1 Overview.- 6.2.2 The Persistency Interface.- 6.2.3 The Storage Interface.- 6.3 Set Operations on Objects.- 6.3.1 Result Sets.- 6.4 Using Objects.- 6.4.1 Practical Use of Objects.- 6.4.2 Practical Use of Result Sets.- 7 Multidimensional Access and Globals.- 7.1 Multidimensional Variables.- 7.1.1 Arrays with String Subscripts.- 7.1.2 Global Multidimensional Arrays.- 7.1.3 File Organization of Globals.- 7.2 Navigation in Multidimensional Arrays.- 7.2.1 Existence of Data in the n-th Dimension.- 7.2.2 The Next Subscript with $Order.- 7.2.3 Further Processing of n-Dimensional Structures.- 7.2.4 Copying n-Dimensional Arrays with Merge.- 7.3 Advanced Global Operations.- 7.3.1 Locking Globals.- 7.3.2 Transaction Processing (TP).- 8 SQL Access and Tables.- 8.1 Unified Data Architecture.- 8.1.1 Representation of Classes as Objects and Tables.- 8.1.2 The Relational Model.- 8.1.3 The Projection of Classes to Tables.- 8.2 Structured Query Language SQL.- 8.2.1 ANSI Standard SQL.- 8.2.2 Extensions in Caché SQL.- 8.3 Embedded SQL.- 8.3.1 Use of Embedded SQL in Method Definitions.- 8.3.2 Use of Macros in Embedded SQL.- 8.3.3 Cursor and Non-Cursor-Based SQL.- 8.3.4 Evaluating Query Results.- 8.3.5 Inserting and Updating Values.- 8.3.6 Error Messages.- 8.4 Caché SQL Manager.- 8.5 Caché SQL Server―Access Using ODBC.- 9 GUI Programming with Visual Caché.- 9.1 Overview.- 9.2 Caché Object Server for ActiveX.- 9.2.1 Caché ActiveX Objects.- 9.3 Caché Objects and Visual Basic.- 9.3.1 Creating a Visual Basic Project.- 9.4 Working with Caché Objects in Visual Basic.- 9.4.1 Connecting to a Server.- 9.4.2 Creating a New Object Instance.- 9.4.3 Saving an Object.- 9.4.4 Opening an Existing Object.- 9.4.5 Using Caché Objects in Visual Basic.- 9.4.6 Executing a Query in Visual Basic.- 9.4.7 Handling Errors in Visual Basic.- 9.5 The Factory Class.- 9.5.1 Factory Elements.- 9.6 The SysList Class.- 9.6.1 SysList Elements.- 9.7 The ResultSet Class.- 9.7.1 ResultSet Elements.- 9.8 The BinaryStream and CharStream Classes.- 9.8.1 BinaryStream and CharStream Elements.- 9.9 Visual Caché.- 9.9.1 Caché Object Link Control.- 9.9.2 Caché List Control.- 9.9.3 The Caché Form Wizard.- 10 Object Interaction with Java.- 10.1 Overview.- 10.2 Generated Java Classes.- 10.2.1 Creating Java Classes from Caché Classes.- 10.2.2 Structure of the Generated Java Classes.- 10.2.3 Caché Java Classes.- 10.3 Using Caché Objects and Java.- 10.3.1 Creating a Java Project.- 10.3.2 Caché Object Server for Java.- 10.3.3 Connecting to a Server.- 10.3.4 Creating Object Instances in Java.- 10.3.5 Using Caché Objects in Java.- 10.4 Queries and Result Sets.- 11 Web Programming with Caché.- 11.1 Introduction.- 11.1.1 CSP in Practice.- 11.1.2 Some Internals.- 11.2 First Steps with CSP Web Gateway.- 11.2.1 Configuring CSP Web Gateway.- 11.2.2 Creating an Application.- 11.2.3 Overview of CSP Programming.- 11.2.4 Working with Variables in Caché Server Pages.- 11.2.5 Advanced CSP Features.- 11.3 Interaction with CSP.- 11.3.1 Using Forms.- 11.3.2 Session Management.- 11.3.3 Concepts for User Management.- 11.4 A Sample Application.- 11.4.1 Creating CSP Pages.- 11.4.2 Connecting to a Database.- 11.4.3 Updating the Database.- 11.4.4 End Web Application.- 11.5 Advanced Capabilities of CSP.- 12 Device Management.- 12.1 Input/Output.- 12.1.1 Basic Characteristics of the I/O Programming.- 12.1.2 Input/Output-specific System Variables.- 12.2 The Open, Use, and Close Commands.- 12.2.1 Formal Definition.- 12.2.2 Device Designations.- 12.3 Practical Use of Input/Output in Caché.- 12.3.1 Sequential Files.- 12.3.2 Printers and Terminals.- 12.3.3 Input/Output at Terminals.- Appendix A. Caché ObjectScript Reference.- Commands.- Functions.- System Variables.- Structured System Variables.- Operators.- Pattern Match Characters.- Appendix B. CDL Reference.- Keywords for Classes.- Keywords for Properties.- Keywords for Methods.- Keywords for Class Parameters.- Keywords for Queries.- Keywords for Indexes.- Appendix C. SQL Reference.- Data Query Language (DQL).- Data Manipulation Language (DML).- Transaction Control Language (TCL).- Data Definition Language (DDL).- Reserved Words in Caché SQL.
