Proliferation of Different Cell Types in the Brain

Korr, H.

ISBN 10: 3540098992 / ISBN 13: 9783540098997

Editore: Springer 1980-06, 1980

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Codice articolo 6666-IUK-9783540098997

Dati bibliografici

• Titolo: Proliferation of Different Cell Types in the Brain
• Editore: Springer 1980-06
• Data di pubblicazione: 1980
• Lingua: Inglese
• ISBN 10: 3540098992
• ISBN 13: 9783540098997
• Rilegatura: PF
• Condizione: New

Descrizione articolo

Riassunto

Studies on cell kinetics in untreated animals have for the most part been done on or­ gans in which many proliferating cells can be found. In general the proliferating cells have been identified either in histologic sections as mitoses or by autoradiography as labeled interphase cells following the injection of a labeled precursor of DNA, such as 3H_ or 14C-thymidine (TdR). A great many proliferating cells can be observed in the rat and mouse brain during the embryonic period and for a short time after birth, and many studies on cell kinetics have been performed for this phase of life. By contrast, very few proliferating cells are found in the brain of adult rodents (except for the subependymallayer, see below). As a result, only isolated studies have been done on cell kinetics during this period. Al­ though there is an increase in proliferating cells in adult animals which had been pre­ treated (e g. , by wounding, X-irradiation, viral infection, withdrawal of water), this proliferation too has not been investigated in detail. A number of studies have been done since 1959 on the proliferation of cells in the sub­ ependymal layer of the lateral ventricles of the forebrain. This cell type is well suited for such investigations because mitoses can be found there even in animals which are quite old. Since the studies ofLe blond and co-workers (Walker and Leblond 1958 ;Messier et al.

Contenuti

1 Introduction.- 2 Thymidine Labeling as an Indication of Cell Proliferation.- 3 Period of Proliferation of Different Cell Types in the Rat and Mouse Brain.- 3.1 Methods.- 3.2 Period of Proliferation.- 3.2.1 Neurons.- 3.2.2 Neuroglia (Astrocytes, Oligodendrocytes).- 3.2.3 Cells of the Subependymal Layer.- 3.2.4 Ependymal Cells.- 3.2.5 Epithelial Cells of the Choroid Plexus.- 3.2.6 Endothelial Cells.- 3.2.7 Microglia and Pericytes.- 3.2.8 Meningeal Cells.- 3.2.9 Graphic Summary of the Proliferation of the Different Cell Types.- 4 Cell Cycle Parameters of the Different Cell Types in the Rodent Brain During Pre- and Postnatal Ontogeny.- 4.1 Methods for the Experimental Determination of Cell Cycle Parameters.- 4.1.1 Percent Labeled Mitoses Method.- 4.1.2 Continuous Infusion with 3H-Thymidine.- 4.1.3 Grain-Count Halving Method.- 4.1.4 Double-Labeling Methods with 3H- and 14C-TdR.- 4.2 Methods of Calculating Cell Cycle Parameters.- 4.2.1 Mean Cycle Time.- 4.2.2 Turnover Time.- 4.2.3 Growth Fraction.- 4.3 Compilation of Cell Cycle Parameters.- 5 Mode of Proliferation.- 5.1 Proliferation with Cell Loss.- 5.1.1 Pyknotic Neuroglial Cells.- 5.1.2 Pyknotic Cells of the Subependymal Layer.- 5.1.3 Pyknotic Precursor Cells of Neurons.- 5.1.4 Pyknotic Endothelial Cells.- 5.2 Proliferation with Exchange of Cells between the Growth Fraction and Nongrowth Fraction.- 5.2.1 Neuroglia.- 5.2.2 Endothelial Cells.- 5.2.3 Cells of the Subependymal Layer.- 5.2.4 Neurons.- 5.2.5 Ependymal Cells and Epithelial Cells of the Choroid Plexus.- 5.2.6 Microglia and Pericytes.- 5.3 Comparison of the Mode of Proliferation of Various Cell Types During Pre- and Postnatal Ontogeny.- 6 Summary.- References.