Real Time Microcomputer Control of Industrial Processes

The introduction of the microprocessor in computer and system engineering has motivated the development of many new concepts and has simplified the design of many modern industrial systems. During the first decade of their life. microprocessors have shown a tremendous evolution in all possible directions (technology. power. functionality. I/O handling. etc). Of course putting the microprocessors and their environmental devices into properly operating systems is a complex and difficult task requiring high skills for melding and integrating hardware. and systemic components. software This book was motivated by the editors' feeling that a cohesive reference is needed providing a good coverage of modern industrial applications of microprocessor-based real time control, together with latest advanced methodological issues. Unavoidably a single volume cannot be exhaustive. but the present book contains a sufficient number of important real-time applications. The book is divided in two sections. Section I deals with general hardware. software and systemic topics. and involves six chapters. Chapter 1. by Gupta and Toong. presents an overview of the development of microprocessors during their first twelve years of existence. Chapter 2. by Dasgupta. deals with a number of system software concepts for real­ time microprocessor-based systems (task scheduling. memory­ management. input-output aspects. programming language reqUirements.

Section I Methodology: Hardware, Software and Systemic Topics.- 1 Microprocessors-The First Twelve Years.- 1. Introduction.- 2. 4-bit Microprocessors.- 3. 8-bit Microprocessors.- 4. 16-bit Microprocessors.- 5. 32-bit Microprocessors.- 6. System Issues.- 7. Multiprocessor Capabilities.- 8. Special-purpose Processors.- 9. Conclusion.- References.- 2 Introduction to Real-Time System Software.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Real-Time Program Environment.- 3. Task Scheduling.- 4. Memory Management.- 5. The Input-Output Sub-Systems.- 6. Programming Languages.- 7. System Performance Monitoring.- References.- 3 Digital Control Algorithms.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Process Model.- 3. Process Control Strategies.- - Controllers for SISO Systems.- - Controllers for MIMO Systems.- - Autotuning.- - Expert Control.- References.- 4 Estimation and Signal Processing Algorithms.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Stochastic Signal Models.- 3. The Kalman Filtering and Prediction Techniques.- 4. Linear Prediction Based on the CARMA Model.- 5. Sequential Parameter Estimation.- 6. Adaptive Prediction.- References.- 5 Configuration of Distributed Control Systems.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Control System Evolution.- 3. Distributed Control System.- 4. Criteria for System Segmentation.- 5. Task Allocation in a Distributed Environment.- References.- 6 Modelling and Simulation.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Mathematical Modelling.- 3. Validation of Models.- 4. Solution Techniques.- 5. Simulation Languages and Simulation Methodology.- 6. Simulation Software for Industry.- 7. Simulation Hardware.- 8. Multiprocessors in Simulation.- 9. Simulation of Digital Control System Performance.- 10. The Future of Simulation.- References.- Appendix: Process Transient Analysis - An Industrial Case Sudy (T. Aio, M. Tanaka).- Section II Real Time Applications.- 7 A Low Cost Self-Adaptive Microprocessor Controller: Application to Heating and Ventilation Control.- 1. Introduction.- 2. System Hardware.- 3. System Software.- 4. Applications.- 5. Real Life Experiments.- 6. Conclusions.- References.- 8 Self-Adaptive Multi-Microprocessor Control of Cutter Suction Dredging Ships.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Cutter Suction Dredgers.- 3. Modelling and Identification.- 4. Multiprocessor Simulator.- 5. Adaptive Control.- 6. Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 9 Advanced Control in Thermal Power Plants.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Present Status of Automation in Thermal Power Plants.- 3. Advanced Technique for the Improvement of Dynamic Performance.- 4. Advanced Technique for Maintenance and Operation.- 5. Some Experiments of Actual Plant Control.- 6. Future of Advanced Control System.- References.- 10 Status Report on Real-Time Control in Industries: Electric Power Systems.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Power System Control Concept.- 3. Control System Configuration.- 4. Theory and Practice of On-line Automatic Control.- 5. Security Control in Abnormal Operating Conditions.- 6. Closing Remarks.- References.- 11 Status Report on Real Time Control in Steel Industry.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Control System Configuration.- 3. Microprocessor Based Fully Digitized Speed Control for Motor Drives.- 4. Advanced Control System and its Application.- 5. Conclusions.- References.- 12 Process Monitoring and Control of Gas Pipeline Networks.- 1. Introduction.- 2. High Pressure Gas Transmission Networks.- 3. SCADA and Telemetry System.- 4. Basic Process Monitoring and Control Functions.- 5. Advanced Dispatching Support.- 6. Simulation.- 7. State Estimation.- 8. Fault Detection and Diagnosis.- 9. Model Parameter Estimation.- 10. Load Prediction.- 11. Optimal Network Control.- 12. Outlook to Knowledge-Based Process Monitoring and Control.- References.- 13 Real Time Computer Control of Cement Industry.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Cement Manufacturing Equipment.- 3. Control System in Cement Factory.- 4. Optimal Temperature Control of Kiln by AR Model.- 5. RAM Material Blending Control with Statistical Modification.- 6. CRT Display Applications.- 7. Electric Power Demand Control.- 8. Autotuning and Adaptation of PID Control Parameters.- 9. Conclusion.- References.- 14 Current Status of Microcomputer Applications on Railway Transportation Systems.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Total System.- 3. Ground System.- 4. On-Board System.- 5. Maintenance Support System.- References.- Author Index.