Sediment/Freshwater Interactions

P. G. Sly Canada Centre Inland Waters, P.O. Box 5050, Burlington, Ontario L7R 4A6, Canada Keywords: symposium, sediments, freshwater Following the highly successful First Symposium work of the symposium: on Research into the Interactions between Sedi­ I. Summary of sediment dynamics and distribu­ ments and Freshwater held in Amsterdam, in 1976, tion in fluvial and lacustrine environments. it was decided that a second symposium in this 2. Land use effects on sediment yields,and quality. series should be held to continue the discussions on 3. Sediments in mass balance models, including progress in this rapidly expanding field of aquatic total loadings. science. The Second Symposium was held at 4. Sediments as concentrating mechanisms of nat­ Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, between 15 ural and anthropogenic, organic and inorganic and 18 June 1981. It was originally intended to hold materials. the meeting in Toronto a year earlier, but because 5. Release mechanisms, and transfer to biosystem, of difficulties in planning and the high cost of ac­ from bed and suspended solids. commodation it was necessary to revise the original 6. Short- and long-term dating methods, spatial program and schedule. and temporai consistency, bioturbation and dif­ The symposium received generous support from fusion.

One: Sediment Dynamics and Material Distributions in Fluvial and Lacustrine Environments.- (1) Bottom dynamics in lakes.- (2) Estimation of fluxes to the ocean from mega-tidal estuaries under moderate climates and the problems they present.- (3) Entrainment, deposition, and transport of fine-grained sediments in lakes.- (4) Physical and geochemical characteristics of suspended solids, Wilton Creek, Ontario.- (5) Sedimentation in fluvial and lacustrine environments.- (6) Comparison of sediment energy-texture relationships in marine and lacustrine environments.- Two: Land Use Effects on Sediment Yields and Quality.- (7) La géochimie du Rhin et du Rhône et l’impact humain.- (8) Land use effects on sediment yield and quality.- (9) Algal-availability of particulate phosphorus from diffuse and point sources in the lower Great Lakes basin.- Three: Contaminant Accumulation in Sediments from Point and Non-Point Sources.- (10) Whole-lake lead burdens in sediments of lakes in southern Ontario, Canada.- (11) Historical changes in anthropogenic lead fallout in southern Ontario, Canada.- (12) Basic concepts and associated statistical methodology in the geochemical study of lake sediments.- (13) Vanadium as a tracer of oil pollution in the sediments of Kuwait.- (14) Zinc in water and sediments of two Finnish lakes.- Four: Sediments and Associated Parameters in Models, Mass Balance and Loadings.- (15) Carbon flow across the sediment-water interface in Lake Vechten, The Netherlands.- (16) Loading concentration models for phosphate in shallow lakes.- (17) Model for instream regulation of radioisotopes and heavy metals in riverine waters subjected to a uranium mill discharge.- (18) Diurnal variation in the oxygen uptake of river sediments in vitro by use of continuous flow-through systems.- (19) Modelling the influence of bioturbation on the vertical distribution of sedimentary phosphorus in L. Esrom.- (20) Experimental measurement of sediment nitrification and denitrification in Hamilton Harbour, Canada.- (21) Mass balance models of phosphorus in sediments and water.- (22) A dynamic phosphate budget model for a eutrophic lake.- (23) Spatial heterogeneity in whole lake sediments — towards a loading estimate.- (24) An analysis of total phosphorus transport in river systems.- Five: Sediments as Concentrators of Natural and Anthropogenic, Organic and Inorganic Materials.- (25) Partitioning of phosphorus between particles and water in a river outflow.- (26) Microbial metabolism in surface sediments and its role in the immobilization of phosphorus in oligotrophic lake sediments.- (27) Accumulative phases for heavy metals in limnic sediments.- (28) Hydrocarbon accumulation in freshwater sediments of an urban catchment.- (29) Phosphate adsorption kinetics of resuspended sediments in a shallow lake, Neusiedlersee, Austria.- (30) Uptake of trace metals by sediments and suspended particulates: a review.- (31) Dynamics and mechanisms of arsenite oxidation by freshwater lake sediments.- (32) The manganese cycle in Lac Léman, Switzerland: the role of Metallogenium.- (33) Particle size distribution and chemical parameters of the sediments of a shallow turbid impoundment.- (34) Distribution and concentrations of naturally-occurring radionuclides in sediments in a uranium mining area of northern Saskatchewan, Canada.- (35) Interaction between interstitial water and sediment in two cores of Lac Léman, Switzerland.- (36) The rates of sediment-water exchange of oxygen and sediment bioturbation in Lough Neagh, Northern Ireland.- (37) Forms of iron in the oxygenated waters of Esthwaite Water, U.K..- (38) Vertical stratification in sediments from a young oligotrophic South African impoundment: implications in phosphorus cycling.- Six: Release Mechanisms from Bed and Suspended Sediments, and Transfer to Biosystem.- (39) Flux of reduced chemical constituents (Fe2+, Mn2+, NH4+ and CH4) and sediment oxygen demand in Lake Erie.- (40) Different patterns of phosphorus release from lake sediments in laboratory experiments.- (41) Benthic phosphorus regeneration in the Potomac River Estuary.- (42) The influence of within-stream disturbance on dissolved nutrient levels during spates.- (43) Transport of iron and manganese in relation to the shapes of their concentration-depth profiles.- (44) Dissolved and suspended mercury species in the Wabigoon River (Ontario, Canada): seasonal and regional variations.- (45) Temperature dependence of sediment-water exchange in Lake Grevelingen, SW Netherlands.- (46) Available phosphorus in lake sediments in The Netherlands.- (47) Epilimnetic nutrient loading by metalimnetic erosion and resultant algal responses in Lake Waramaug, Connecticut.- (48) The influence of groundwater-movement on the phosphorus release from sediments, as measured in a continuous flow system.- (49) Mechanisms for release of sediment-bound phosphate to water and the effects of agricultural land management on fluvial transport of particulate and dissolved phosphate.- (50) Benthic community metabolism of three Austrian pre-alpine lakes of different trophic conditions and its oxygen dependency.- Seven: Effects of Manipulation Techniques on Release Mechanisms.- (51) Acidified lakes: sediment treatment with sodium carbonate — a remedy?.- (52) Lake Trehörningen restoration project. Changes in water quality after sediment dredging.- (53) Studies into the effects of cadmium and low pH upon methane production.- (54) On the summer peak of nutrient concentrations in lake water.- Eight: Sedimentation Rates, Dating Techniques, Spatial and Temporal Consistency and Sediment Reworking.- (55) Lead-210 dating of sediments compared with accumulation rates estimated by natural markers and measured with sediment traps.- (56) Lake sediments as recorders of geomagnetic field variations - applications to dating post-Glacial sediments.- (57) Deepwater sediments and trophic conditions in Florida lakes.- (58) Sedimentation rates in a Swiss-Italian lake measured with sediment traps.- (59) Stratigraphie and dynamic effects of sediment reworking by Great Lakes zoobenthos.- (60) Effects of sedimentation on the storage capacity of the High Aswan Dam reservoir.- (61) Some experimental studies on the use of trace elements as a paleoenvironmental indicator.- (62) Climatic and anthrophogenic effects on the sedimentation and geochemistry of Lakes Bourget, Annecy and Léman.- (63) Availability of dissolved oxygen in interstitial waters of a sandy creek.- Nine: Methods, Techniques and Equipment.- (64) In situ sampling of interstitial water from lake sediments.- (65) Forms of phosphorus in particulate matter from the Hollands Diep/ Haringvliet, The Netherlands.- (66) Differential extraction of sediment phosphates with NTA solutions.- (67) Standardization of methods of analysis for heavy metals in sediments.- (68) The fractionation of iron-phosphorus compounds in sediments studied by Mössbauer spectroscopy.- Author index.