Shallow Lakes

Shallow lakes differ from deep ones in many aspects of nutrient dynamics, biotic structure and interactions of various trophic levels. Though very common in European lowlands, shallow lakes attract inadequate attention from research teams. This book aims at filling gaps in our knowledge of the processes which take place in non-stratified lakes. It contains proceedings from the international conference `Shallow Lakes *95' held in Mikolajki, Poland, on 20-26 August 1995. In more than 50 original papers up-to-date views on eutrophication, degradation and recovery of shallow lakes are presented.
The first four sections of the book (Nutrient fluxes, Biotic structure, Trophic interactions and Whole lake studies) deal with theoretical aspects of lake functioning while the fifth (Biomanipulation, restoration and management) is devoted to practical measures undertaken to improve water quality in shallow lakes. The book is therefore addressed to university biologists and ecologists and PhD students, as well as to managers involved in restoration of shallow lakes.

Nutrient Fluxes.- A model of nutrient dynamics in shallow lakes in relation to multiple stable states.- Phosphorus release in Lake Großer Müggelsee and its implications for lake restoration.- Do rooted macrophytes increase sediment phosphorus release?.- Facilitation of phosphate assimilation by aquatic mycorrhizae of Vallisneria americana Michx..- Phosphorus balance of a polytrophic shallow lake with the consideration of phosphorus release.- Relative nitrogen deficiency without occurrence of nitrogen-fixing blue-green algae in a hypertrophic reservoir.- Biotic Structure.- High bacterial production in hypertrophic shallow reservoirs rich in humic substances.- The occurrence of heterotrophic bacteria decomposing some macromolecular compounds in the shallow estuarine lakes.- Picoplankton and other size groups of phytoplankton in various shallow lakes.- The dynamics and importance of picoplankton in shallow, dystrophic lake in comparison with surface waters of two deep lakes with contrasting trophic status.- Influence of small-scale turbulence and large-scale mixing on phytoplankton primary production.- Factors controlling the dominance of Planktothrix agardhii and Limnothrix redekei in eutrophic shallow lakes.- Meiobenthos communities of some subarctic lakes.- Significance of subfossile chironomid remains in classification of shallow lakes.- Chironomus plumosus — what regulates its abundance in a shallow reservoir?.- Macroinvertebrate communities in relation to submerged vegetation in two Chara-dominated lakes.- Trophic Interactions.- Top-down control in freshwater lakes: the role of nutrient state, submerged macrophytes and water depth.- Seasonal successions and trophic relations between phytoplankton, zooplankton, ciliates and bacteria in a hypertrophic shallow lake in Vienna, Austria.- Zooplankton—phytoplanktonlankton interactions in lakes Võrtsjärv, Peipsi (Estonia) and Yaskhan (Turkmenia).- Biotic interactions of the zooplankton community of a shallow, humic lake.- Interactions between piscivores, zooplanktivores and zooplankton in submerged macrophytes: preliminary observations from enclosure and pond experiments.- The impact of predation by perch on the size-structure of Chironomus larvae — the role of vertical distribution of the prey in the bottom sediments, and habitat complexity.- Impact of fish predation on a small-bodied cladoceran: limitation or stimulation?.- Size-selective filtration and taxon-specific digestion of planktonic algae by silver carp (Hypophtalmichthys molitrix Val.).- Submerged macrophytes as refuges for grazing Cladocera against fish predation: observations on seasonal changes in relation to macrophyte cover and predation pressure.- Interactions between coot (Fulica atra) and submerged macrophytes: the role of birds in the restoration process.- Whole Lake Studies.- Vertically-challenged limnology; contrasts between deep and shallow lakes.- Why “very shallow” lakes are more successful opposing reduced nutrient loads.- Changes in ecological relationships in a group of eight shallow lakes in the Polesie Lubelskie Region (eastern Poland) over forty years.- Why does Druzno Lake (Poland) still exist? On the conditions of the pond ecosystem sustainability.- Biomanipulation, Restoration and Management.- Food-web manipulation in shallow, eutrophic lakes: bridging the gap between whole-lake approach and behavioural and demographic studies.- Pike (Essox lucius L.) stocking as a biomanipulation tool. 1. Effects on the fish population in Lake Lyng, Denmark.- Pike (Essox lucius L.) stocking as a biomanipulation tool. 2. Effects on lower trophic levels in Lake Lyng, Denmark.- Food-web manipulation in the Malta?ski Reservoir.- Effects of biomanipulation in the large and shallow Lake Woldervijd, The Netherlands.- The process of biomass formation as the key point in the restoration of tropical eutrophic lakes.- Biomanipulation in shallow lakes: state of the art.- Case Studies.- Lake Volkerak-Zoom: a lake shifting from the clear to the turbid state.- Food-web manipulation in a small, eutrophic Lake Wirbel, Poland: the effect of replacement of key predators on epiphytic fauna.- Food-web manipulation in a small, eutrophic Lake Wirbel, Poland: long-term changes in fish biomass and basic measures of water quality. A case study.- Eutrophication processes in a shallow, macrophyte-dominated lake— nutrient loading to and flow through ?ake Luknajno (Poland).- Eutrophication processes in a shallow, macrophyte-dominated lake — alkaline phosphatase activity in Lake ?uknajno (Poland).- Eutrophication processes in a shallow, macrophyte-dominated lake— factors influencing zooplankton structure and density in Lake ?uknajno (Poland).- Eutrophication processes in a shallow, macrophyte-dominated lake— species differentiation, biomass and their distribution of submerged macrophytes in Lake ?uknajno (Poland).