Humana mai 2013 (176 risultati)

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book was originated from a series of lectures given in a course on the physical properties of biological membranes and their functional implica tions. The course was intended to allow students to get acquainted with the physical techniques used to study biological membranes. The experience was valuable and we feel that a detailed description of the procedures used and of various examples of the results obtained allowed many students to become familiar with a theme that is not often part of regular courses on membrane physiology or biophysics. This book is designed as a tutorial guide for graduate students interested in understanding how physical methods can be utilized to study the proper ties of biological membranes. It includes first a detailed description of applications of physical techniques-such as X-ray fiber diffraction methods (Chapter 1), 2H and 13C NMR spectroscopy (Chapter 2), and calorimetry (Chapter 3)-in the study of the properties of lipid model membranes. A description of how to measure molecular mobility in membranes (Chapter 4) follows, and the book concludes with three chapters in which biological membranes are the subject of study. Chapter 5 deals with the acetylcholine receptor and its membrane environment; Chapter 6 discusses how fluorescence techniques can be applied in the study of the calcium ATPase of sarcoplasmic reticulum; and Chapter 7 explains how protein lipid interactions modulate the function of the sodium and proton pumps. 252 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The most conspicuous function of the nervous system is to control animal behav ior. From the complex operations of learning and mentation to the molecular con figuration of ionic channels, the nervous system serves as the interface between an animal and its environment. To study and understand the fundamental mecha nisms underlying the control of behavior, it is often both necessary and desirable to employ biological systems with characteristics especially suitable for answering specific questions. In neurobiology, many invertebrates have become established as model systems for investigations at both the systems and the cellular level. Large, readily identifiable neurons have made invertebrates especially useful for cellular studies. The fact that these neurons occur in much smaller numbers than those in higher animals also makes them important for circuit analysis. Although important differences exist, some of the questions that would be tech nically impossible to answer with vertebrates can become experimentally tractable with invertebrates. 576 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Arthur L. Caplan It is commonly said, especially when the subject is assisted reproduction, that medical technology has out stripped our morality. Yet, as the essays in this volume make clear, that is not an accurate assessment of the situ ation. Medical technology has not overwhelmed our moral ity. It would be more accurate to say that our society has not yet achieved consensus about the complex ethical iss ues that arise when medicine tries to assist those who seek its services in order to reproduce. Nevertheless, there is no shortage of ethical opinion about what we ought to do with respect to the use of surrogate mothers, in vitro fertil ization, embryo transfer, artificial insemination, or fertil ity drugs. Nor is it entirely accurate to describe assisted repro duction as technology. The term 'technology' carries with it connotations of machines buzzing and technicians scurrying about trying to control a vast array of equip ment. Yet, most of the methods used to assist reproduc tion that are discussed in this volume do not involve exotic technologies or complicated hardware. It is technique, more than technology, that dominates the field of assisted reproduction. Efforts to help the infertile by means of the manipu lation of human reproductive materials and organs date 1 2 Caplan back at least to Biblical times. Human beings have en gaged in all manner of sexual practices and manipulations in attempts to achieve reproduction when nature has balked at allowing life to begin. 300 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Because of several valid (and some invalid) reasons, the research field of tumor immunology has been declining in popularity. The Simplistic dogmas, articles of faith, and theories of the late 1960s and early 1970s on the immuno logical mechanisms of the host-tumor interrelationships have frequently been refuted by some of the new developments in cancer biology, cancer biochem istry, and immunology. Furthermore, some of the conventional assays used to monitor 'tumor-host immune relations' did not always reflect the host's true clinical situation or his prognosis. Several approaches to immunological interven tion were less successful than expected. In addition, the concept of 'immune surveillance,' which was basic to many researchers in the field of cancer im munology, seemed to fall apart. Much of the criticism was based on results from solid, well-performed, and well-controlled experiments, but there was also un just criticism based on ill-conceived and badly performed studies, and on misin terpretations of experimental data. There are many misconceptions about the tumor-host relationship. It is very often assumed that tumor immunity, as expressed systemically, is truly reflected at the tumor site. Several studies reported in this volume and elsewhere indicate that such is not always the case. Certain immune effectors may be selectively prevented from reaching the tumor site or the close vicinity of the tumor cells because of mechanical or chemical barriers, whereas others may be selectively attracted to the site by chemotaxis or other mechanisms. 372 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In the nearly three years that have elapsed since our first Philadelphia Symposium on Aging, our activities and interactions have expanded. We spent no small amount of time discussing the selection of a timely topic for our next symposium. For the first symposium, a variety of topics relating to the study of aging, ranging from phenomena at the cellular level to phenomena in disease states, were selected for consideration. For the present symposium, we thought it more desirable to concentrate on one area only, in order to summarize available information, discover what shortcomings exist, and suggest new directions for research. The paucity of in formation on pharmacological studies in aging and the compelling necessity for these studies made it clear to us that the time was appropriate for a review of this subject matter. The approach was to consider topics related to the effects of aging on the basic properties of drug action and on the effectiveness of drugs used in the therapy of diseases in several organ systems. Furthermore, it was felt that by considering the various pharmacological methods of intervention in the aging process, greater insight into the nature of aging would emerge. For the symposium, we brought together 13 outstanding workers in the field of pharmacology to discuss the selected topics. We expect that the chapters will be informative to workers in pharmacology and in biomedical disciplines in general, as well as provide a firm foundation for future work in this exciting area. 352 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume or1g1nates from a NATO Advanced Study Institute on 'Photoreceptors' dedicated to M.G.F. Fuortes, held in Erice 1-12 July 1981. The lectures given at the course provided a general review of the photoreceptors functions in both vertebrate and inver tebrate eyes. Elaborating on the most recent hypotheses the lec tures also added new and interesting details. In order to preserve the novelty and freshness of the subject matter and thus ensure the usefulness of the volume, the authors in their written contributions emphasize more specific findings of their current research rather than the tutorial nature of the lectures actually presented. The contributors of this volume wish to dedicate their papers to the memory of Mike Fuortes, who has been for many of them an inspiring collegue and friend. Five papers that do not strictly pertain to the topics of the course are also included in the volume, the authors could not attend the meeting, but wanted to contribute an article to this memorial volume. 388 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The Plenum Press series, Monographs in Inorganic Chemistry, is intended to fill an obvious need for high-level surveys of recent research in that area, particularly in matters which go beyond the traditional or classical bound aries of the subject. The study of n-bonding of hydrocarbon groups (and their derivatives) to metals is exactly that kind of subject, for it provides a new way of understanding the behavior of metals (which constitute four-fifths of all the chemical elements). In addition, n-bonding has expanded the intriguing area of organometallic chemistry threefold, bringing in all the transition metals, the lanthanides, and the actinides. So much has been discovered and developed in the area of n-bonded 'complexes' of the metals that important new industrial processes based on such substances have been developed. A truly comprehensive review of all n-bonded compounds of the metals would now result in an impossibly large and expensive volume, and would require monthly revision. Instead, the present authors have wisely decided to write a survey which outlines the general aspects of preparation, properties, structure, reactions, and uses of such compounds-a survey which can serve as a textbook, but which can also lead the more experienced practitioner to the most advanced literature on the subject. They have clarified and condensed the subject by means of good organization and a liberal use of diagrams-features which will please the general reader. 228 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The Interacting Boson Model.- Status of Experimental Tests of the IBA.- Structure of the IBA-1 Effective Hamiltonian in the Z=50 82 Proton Shell.- Collective Features in Light Nuclei.- The Level Structure of 156Gd.- Recent IBA-2 Calculations: A Theoretical Study of the Tungsten Isotopes.- Do We Really Understand the Pt Isotopes .- E2 Matrix Elements and Shape Coexistence in 110Pd.- Evidence of the Finite Boson Number from Lifetime Measurements in 78Kr and 79Rb.- A Shell Model Study of the Proton-Neutron Interacting Boson Model.- The Ginocchio Model and the Interacting Boson Approximation.- Microscopic Structure of the Intrinsic State of a Deformed Nucleus.- Intruder States in the Interacting Boson Model.- On the Renormalization of the IBA by the g Boson.- Boson Cutoff and Band Crossing.- Two-Neutron Transfer in Pt and Os Nuclei and the IBA.- A Test of the Interacting Boson Model Using Pion-Nucleus Inelastic Scattering.- Geometric and Dynamical Properties of the Interacting Boson Model.- Shapes and Shape Phase Transitions in the Interacting Boson Model.- The Relationship between the Bohr Collective Model and the Interacting Boson Model.- A General Formula for the Classical Limit of the Interacting Boson Hamiltonian.- Are Bosons Nucleon Pairs .- Nuclear Field Theory: Exact Theory or Science Fiction .- Applications of the Nuclear Field Theory Treatment of the Pair Aligned Model.- Dyson¿s Finite Boson Expansion and the Interacting Boson Model.- The Particle-Vibration Coupling Mechanism.- Nuclear Structure Inferred from Heavy Ion Coulomb Excitation.- A Consideration of Band Structure in Terms of Energy Expansion Coefficients.- On the Problem of ¿Phase Transitions¿ in Nuclear Structure.- The Interacting Boson-Fermion Model.- Present Status of the Interacting Boson-Fermion Model.- The Interacting Boson Fermion Model and Some Applications.- Description of Odd Medium Mass Nuclei in the Interacting Boson-Fermion Model.- ODD-A Eu Isotopes and the Interacting Boson-Fermion Model.- Unique Parity States in 109Pd as a Test of Particle-Rotor and IBFA Models.- Interacting Boson-Fermion Model of Collective States in the Odd-Gold Nuclei.- Shell Model Origin of the Fermion-Boson Exchange Interaction.- On the Boson-Fermion Interaction.- Approximate Diagonalization of the Pairing Plus Quadrupole Hamiltonian in the Framework of the Nuclear Field Theory. ODD-A Nuclei.- Bose-Fermi Symmetries in Nuclei.- Dynamical Supersymmetries and the Positive Parity States in the Odd-Gold Isotopes.- Tests of Dynamical Supersymmetries Via Charged Particle Transfer Reactions.- Concluding Remarks. 420 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -For several decades, polymer science has sought to rationalize the mechanical and thermodynamic properties of polymer networks largely within the framework of statistical thermodynamics. Much of this effort has been directed toward the rubbery rather than the glassy state. It is generally assumed that networks possess an av erage composition to which average properties may be assigned; from such a continuum view, a powerful analysis of such properties as modulus, swelling, birefringence and thermoelasticity has emerged. In the years following the rise of polymer characterization (the late 40's and early 50's), many scientists began to study ap parent relations between the properties of linear polymer molecules and the networks obtainable therefrom. This search was also stimu lated by the wide range of applications of polymer networks in com mercial elastomers, thermosets and coatings. Frequently, these data were confidently matched with curves obtained from statisti cally describable models of networks of ghost chains, uniformly distributed in space. More recently, it has become apparent that polymer chains in networks are not as ideal as assumed in the formulation of statis tical models, and there has been a shift in emphasis towards the less than ideal, perturbed and possibly inhomogeneous networks which are more frequently encountered in practice. The continuum approach, however, had to be developed before inhomogeneous systems could be described; the present volume, therefore, contains both views. 508 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In the first half of this century, great strides were made in under standing the behavior of polymers in dilute solutions or in the solid state. Concentrated solutions, on the other hand, were commonly regarded as mainly of interest to practitioners, being too complex for the rigorous application of statistical theory. Given the preoccupation with the isolated polymer molecule and the attendant focus on the state of infinite dilution, it is not surprising that aggregation, and inter-polymer associ ation in general, was the bugaboo of experimentalists. These attitudes have changed remarkably over the last few decades. The application of sealing theory to polymer solutions has stimulated investigation of the semi-dilute state, and the region between infinite dilution and swollen gel is no longer perceived as terra incognita. New techniques, such as dynamic light scattering, have proven to be of much value in such investigations. At the same time, it has become clear that consideration of strong inter- and intra-polymer forces, superimposed on the familiar description of the statistical chain, is prerequisite to the application of polymer science to numerous systems of interest. Para mount among these, of course, are biopolymers, their complexes and assemblies. The isolated random coil must be viewed as tl rarity in nature. 476 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Recently, considerable attention has been focused on studies of membrane structure and function--involvement of cell surface components in intercellular interaction, in translocation of ligands and receptors across cell membranes, and in the immunological properties of cells and gene expression and regulation. These investigations have led to the development of powerful technical tools which can be of immense value in the study of animal and human reproduction. The investigations of problems such as gamete interaction, fertilization, embryo implantation, and development have reached a stage where further meaningful progress in their understanding does not seem likely unless the conventional approaches are coupled with more modern molecular and cellular techniques. Furthermore, 1t is only through such basic studies that potential means of fertility regulation will emerge. The various physiological events in animal reproduction such as fertilization and implantation essentially involve an interaction between specific cell membrane components. Similarly, embryogenesis involves the expression and regulation of genes at various stages of development. Therefore, the entire Workshop was specifically devoted to two topics: 1) Structure, function, and biosynthesis of membrane components, and 2) Gene expression and regulation as related to animal reproduction. The presentations relating to each topic are presented in separate sections in this book. 396 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The biological and biomedical applications of polymeric materials have increased greatly in the past few years. This book will detail some, but not all, of these recent developments. There would not be enough space in this book to cover, even lightly, all of the major advances that have occurred. Some earlier books and summaries are available by two of this book's Editors (Gebelein & Carraher) and these should be consul ted for additional information. The books are: 'Bioactive Polymeric Systems' (Plenum, 1985); 'Polymeric Materials In Medication' (Plenum, 1985); 'Biological Acti vi ties of Polymers' (American Chemical Society, 1982). Of these three, 'Bioacti ve Polymeric Systems' should be the most useful to a person who is new to this field because it only contains review articles written at an introductory level. The present book primarily consists of recent research results and applications, with only a few review or summary articles. Bioactive polymeric materials have existed from the creation of life itself. Many firmly believe that life could not even exist unless poly meric materials are used to form the basic building blocks. Although this assumption can not be rigorously proven, it is a fact that most, if not all, of the major biochemical pathways involve polymeric species, such as the proteins (including enzymes), polysaccharides and nucleic acids. 348 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Biomedical Ethics Reviews - 1989 is the seventh volume in a series of texts designed to review and update the literature on issues of central importance in bioethics today. Three topics are discussed in the present volume: (1) Should Abnormal Fetuses Be Brought to Term for the Sole Purpose of Providing Infant Transplant Organs (2) Should Physicians Dispense Drugs for Profit and (3) Should Human Death Be Taken to Occur When Persons Perma nently Lose Consciousness Each topic constitutes a separate section in our text; introductory essays briefly summarize the contents of each section. Bioethics is, by its nature, interdisciplinary in character. Recog nizing this fact, the authors represented in the present volume have made every effort to minimize the use of technical jargon. At the same time, we believe the purpose of providing a review of the recent literature, as well as of advancing bioethical discussion, is admirably served by the pieces collected herein. We look forward to the next volume in our series, and very much hope the reader will also. 184 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -For a long time membrane biochemistry was almost synonymous with the bio chemistry of electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation. Although the successful analysis of hormone receptors, active transport, and other membrane-linked metabolic systems displaced mitochondria from the focus of interest, the field continued to grow and its contributions to other areas of membrane biochemistry played a major role in their dramatic development. The eight chapters in this volume dealing with electron transport provide a concise, critical, and up-to-date picture of the problems and accomplishments of the field. In the remainder of the volume a brief summary of selected receptor functions is presented. The relative novelty of this field naturally limits the factual scope of developments and encourages speculation. Nevertheless these reviews accurately reflect both accomplishments and deficiencies and provide objective guidance for future development. Several receptor functions omitted from these discussions will form one of the later volumes currently in preparation. 448 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The intracarotid amobarbital (or Amytal) procedure is commonly referred to as the Wada test in tribute to Juhn Wada, the physician who devised the technique and performed the fIrst basic animal research and clinical studies with this method. Wada testing has become an integral part of the pre operative evaluation for epilepsy surgery. Interestingly, however, Wada initially developed this method as a technique to assess language dominance in psychiatric patients in order that electroconvulsant therapy could be applied unilaterally to the non-dominant hemisphere. Epilepsy surgery has matured as a viable treatment for intractable seizures and is no longer confmed to a few major universities and medical institutes. Yet, as is increasingly clear by examining the surveys of approaches used by epilepsy surgery centers (e.g., Rausch, 1987; Snyder, Novelly, & Harris, 1990), there is not only great heterogeneity in the methods used during Wada testing to assess language and memory functions, but there also seems to be a lack of consensus regarding the theoretical assumptions, and perhaps, even the goals of this procedure. 156 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Elementary Methods in Number Theory begins with 'a first course in number theory' for students with no previous knowledge of the subject. The main topics are divisibility, prime numbers, and congruences. There is also an introduction to Fourier analysis on finite abelian groups, and a discussion on the abc conjecture and its consequences in elementary number theory. In the second and third parts of the book, deep results in number theory are proved using only elementary methods. Part II is about multiplicative number theory, and includes two of the most famous results in mathematics: the Erdös-Selberg elementary proof of the prime number theorem, and Dirichlets theorem on primes in arithmetic progressions. Part III is an introduction to three classical topics in additive number theory: Warings problems for polynomials, Liouvilles method to determine the number of representations of an integer as the sum of an even number of squares, and the asymptotics of partition functions. Melvyn B. Nathanson is Professor of Mathematics at the City University of New York (Lehman College and the Graduate Center). He is the author of the two other graduate texts: Additive Number Theory: The Classical Bases and Additive Number Theory: Inverse Problems and the Geometry of Sumsets. 540 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -Database of Piano Chords: An Engineering View of Harmony includes a unique database of piano chords developed exclusively for music research purposes, and outlines the key advantages to using this dataset to further one¿s research. The book also describes the physical bases of the occidental music chords and the influence used in the detection and transcription of the music, enabling researchers to intimately understand the construction of each occidental chord. The online database contains more than 275,000 chords with different degrees of polyphony and with different playing styles. Together, the database and the book are an invaluable tool for researchers in this field.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 64 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The pteridines in their multitude of forms fulfill many roles in nature ranging from pigments to cofactors for numerous redox and one-carbon transfer reactions. This extraordinary diversity of function is unified by the unique chemistry of the pteridine heterocycle. The International Symposium on the Chemistry and Biology of Pteridines and Folates is a forum for presenting recent and exciting advances in this expanding field. In of ideas results that has often stimulated bringing together various disciplines, a synergy fresh approaches to major problems. The Tenth International Symposium held at Orange Beach, Alabama, March 21-23, 1993, proved no exception by providing new insights into folate enzymology, tetrahydrobiopterin and molybdopterin biosynthesis and function, enzyme synthesis and regulation, along with novel synthetic strategies for producing compounds that will expedite further study. The many outstanding scientific contributions found in the following chapters, which represent the work presented at the Symposium, are a reflection of the significant advances made since the Ninth International Symposium held in Zurich in 1989. Since the 7th International Symposium in St. Andrews, Scotland, a tradition has evolved of honoring scientists who have made outstanding contributions to pteridine research with a Gowland Hopkins medal and lectureship. Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins initiated the first investigation of what later proved to be pteridines in his studies of the yellow and white colors of butterflies. 828 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Humans are biologically programmed to seek out pleasurable experiences. These experiences are processed in the mesolimbic system, also referred to as the 'reward center' of the brain, where a number of chemical messengers work in concert to provide a net release of dopamine in the Nucleus Accumbens. In some genetically predisposed individuals, addiction occurs when the mechanisms of the mesolimbic system are disrupted by the use of various drugs of abuse. Since Alcoholics Anonymous was founded in 1935, it's 12 step program of spiritual and character development has helped countless alcoholics and drug addicts curb their self-destructive behaviors. However, the program was developed at a time when comparatively little was known about the function of the brain and it has never been studied scientifically. This is the first book to take a systematic look at the molecular neurobiology associated with each of the 12 steps and to review the significant body of addiction research literature that is pertinent to the program. 104 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -Growth, as we conceive it, is the study of changeinan organism not yet mature. Differential growth creates form: external form through growth rates which vary from one part of the body to another and one tissue to another; and internal form through the series of time-entrained events which build up in each cell the special ized complexity of its particular function. We make no distinction, then, between growth and development, and if we have not included accounts of differentiation it is simply because we had to draw a quite arbitrary line somewhere. lt is only rather recently that those involved in pediatrics and child health have come to realize that growth is the basic science peculiar to their art. It is a science which uses and incorporates the traditional disciplines of anatomy, physiology, biophysics, biochemistry, and biology. It is indeed a part of biology, and the study of human growth is a part of the curriculum of the rejuvenated science of Human Biology. What growth is not is a series of chärts of height and weight. Growth standards are useful and necessary, and their construction is by no means void of intellectual challenge. They are a basic instrument in pediatric epidemiology. But they do not appear in this book, any more than clinical accounts of growth disorders. This appears to be the first large handbook-in three volumes-devoted to Human Growth.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 656 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -This NATO Advanced Study Institute was the fourth in a series devoted to the subject of phase transitions and instabilities with particular attention to structural phase transforma~ions. Beginning wi th the first Geilo institute in 19'(1 we have seen the emphasis evolve from the simple quasiharmonic soft mode description within the Landau theory, through the unexpected spectral structure re presented by the 'central peak' (1973), to such subjects as melting, turbulence and hydrodynamic instabilities (1975). Sophisticated theoretical techniques such as scaling laws and renormalization group theory developed over the same period have brought to this wide range of subjects a pleasing unity. These institutes have been instrumental in placing structural transformations clearly in the mainstream of statistical physics and critical phenomena. The present Geilo institute retains some of the counter cul tural flavour of the first one by insisting whenever possible upon peeking under the skirts of even the most successful phenomenology to catch a glimpse of the underlying microscopic processes. Of course the soft mode remains a useful concept, but the major em phasis of this institute is the microscopic cause of the mode softening. The discussions given here illustrate that for certain important classes of solids the cause lies in the electron phonon interaction. Three major types of structural transitions are considered. In the case of metals and semimetals, the electron phonon interaction relie6 heavily on the topology of the Fermi surface.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 436 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -The II. International Conference on Ion Beam Surface Layer Analysis was held on September 15-19, 1975 at the Nuclear Research Center, Karlsruhe, Germany. The date fell between two related con ferences: 'Application of Ion-Beams to Materials' at Warwick, Eng land and 'Atomic Collisions in Solids' at Amsterdam, the Nether lands. The first conference on Ion Beam Surface Layer Analysis was held at Yorktown Heights, New York, 1973. The major topic of that and the present conference was the material analysis with ion beams including backscattering and channeling, nuclear reactions and ion induced X-rays with emphasis on technical problems and no vel applications. The increasing interest in this field was docu mented by 7 invited papers and 85 contributions which were presen ted at the meeting in Karlsruhe to about 150 participants from 21 countries. The oral presentations were followed by parallel ses sions on 'Fundamental Aspects', 'Analytical Problems' and 'Appli cations' encouraging detailed discussions on the topics of most current interest. Summaries of these sessions were presented by the discussion leaders to the whole conference. All invited and contributed papers are included in these proceedings; summaries of the discussion sessions will appear in a separate booklet and are availble from the editors. The application of ion beams to material analysis is now well established.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 524 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -Twenty years ago Tanabe and Sugano published the first ligand field energy diagrarns which are applicable to dN electronic configurations. These diagrams are limited in scope in that they can be used only for octahedral symmetry and for a limited number of terms. The present volume is an attempt to fill the gap by providing a reasonable nurober of complete and accurate ligand field energy diagrarns for dN configurations in the most commonly encountered symmetries. Despite their limited nature, the diagrarns of Tanabe and Sugano were exten sively used in the past in order to rationalize optical and luminescence spectra and to discuss various electronic properties of transition metal ions, their coordination compounds and solids. Moreover, Tanabe-Sugano diagrams have an established place in the theory of transition metal compounds and are included in most textbooks of inorganic and coordination chemistry. It is expected that the present diagrarns will be found useful for a similar purpose.Libri GmbH, Europaallee 1, 36244 Bad Hersfeld 468 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -Compilers and operating systems constitute the basic interfaces between a programmer and the machine for which he is developing software. In this book we are concerned with the construction of the former. Our intent is to provide the reader with a firm theoretical basis for compiler construction and sound engineering principles for selecting alternate methods, imple menting them, and integrating them into a reliable, economically viable product. The emphasis is upon a clean decomposition employing modules that can be re-used for many compilers, separation of concerns to facilitate team programming, and flexibility to accommodate hardware and system constraints. A reader should be able to understand the questions he must ask when designing a compiler for language X on machine Y, what tradeoffs are possible, and what performance might be obtained. He should not feel that any part of the design rests on whim; each decision must be based upon specific, identifiable characteristics of the source and target languages or upon design goals of the compiler. The vast majority of computer professionals will never write a compiler. Nevertheless, study of compiler technology provides important benefits for almost everyone in the field . ¿ It focuses attention on the basic relationships between languages and machines. Understanding of these relationships eases the inevitable tran sitions to new hardware and programming languages and improves a person's ability to make appropriate tradeoft's in design and implementa tion .Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 464 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -For several decades, polymer science has sought to rationalize the mechanical and thermodynamic properties of polymer networks largely within the framework of statistical thermodynamics. Much of this effort has been directed toward the rubbery rather than the glassy state. It is generally assumed that networks possess an av erage composition to which average properties may be assigned; from such a continuum view, a powerful analysis of such properties as modulus, swelling, birefringence and thermoelasticity has emerged. In the years following the rise of polymer characterization (the late 40's and early 50's), many scientists began to study ap parent relations between the properties of linear polymer molecules and the networks obtainable therefrom. This search was also stimu lated by the wide range of applications of polymer networks in com mercial elastomers, thermosets and coatings. Frequently, these data were confidently matched with curves obtained from statisti cally describable models of networks of ghost chains, uniformly distributed in space. More recently, it has become apparent that polymer chains in networks are not as ideal as assumed in the formulation of statis tical models, and there has been a shift in emphasis towards the less than ideal, perturbed and possibly inhomogeneous networks which are more frequently encountered in practice. The continuum approach, however, had to be developed before inhomogeneous systems could be described; the present volume, therefore, contains both views.Libri GmbH, Europaallee 1, 36244 Bad Hersfeld 508 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -'One of the central features of modern German criminology in revealing the 'true nature of crime' follows the tradition of enlightment' instead of accommodating the approach of the criminal justice system. This contention is made by the editors of Developments in Crime and Crime Control Research, Drs. Sessar and Kerner, as they continue to bridge the traditional gap between Anglo-American scholars in criminology and their German counterparts. The language barrier has long been another contributing circumstance to the division of philosophy among countries, but recently, substantial attempts are being undertaken to examine more closely the differences among specific criminological schools of thinking. Drs. Sessar and Kerner point out that, although crime has its universality, a clear understanding of the various approaches to the problem of crime will prove of benefit to those in the field in all countries.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 216 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -Physico-Chemical Principles of Biomineralization.- The Histology, Histochemistry, and Ultrastructure of Bone.- Morphological and Quantitative Aspects of Bone Formation and Mineralization.- Analysis of Embryonic Cartilage and Bone Induction in a Defined Culture System.- The Role of Cells in the Calcification Process.- Biochemistry of the Intercellular Matrix in Cartilage Calcification.- The Vitamin D Endocrine System and Bone.- Role of Parathyroid Hormone in Bone Formation and Resorption.- Calcitonin: Molecular Biology, Physiology, Pathophysiology and Its Therapeutic Uses.- Osteogenin: Role in Bone Induction and Repair.- Approaches to the Study of the Function and Activity of Bone Regulatory Factors: Established and Potential Methods.- Calcium Regulating Hormones and Hormone-Like Peptides Participate in Brain Control of Behaviour.- Diet and Lifestyle Factors in Osteoporosis.- Pathophysiology of Bone Formation and Resorption.- Pathophysiological Aspects in the Treatment of Post-Menopausal Osteoporosis.- Recent Trends in the Use of Bone Regulatory Factors as Therapeutic Agents.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 304 pp. Englisch.…

Buch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -These contributions, written by the foremost international researchers and practitioners of Genetic Programming (GP), explore the synergy between theoretical and empirical results on real-world problems, producing a comprehensive view of the state of the art in GP. Topics in this volume include: evolutionary constraints, relaxation of selection mechanisms, diversity preservation strategies, flexing fitness evaluation, evolution in dynamic environments, multi-objective and multi-modal selection, foundations of evolvability, evolvable and adaptive evolutionary operators, foundation of injecting expert knowledge in evolutionary search, analysis of problem difficulty and required GP algorithm complexity, foundations in running GP on the cloud ¿ communication, cooperation, flexible implementation, and ensemble methods. Additional focal points for GP symbolic regression are: (1) The need to guarantee convergence to solutions in the function discovery mode; (2) Issues on model validation; (3) The need for model analysis workflows for insight generation based on generated GP solutions ¿ model exploration, visualization, variable selection, dimensionality analysis; (4) Issues in combining different types of data. Readers will discover large-scale, real-world applications of GP to a variety of problem domains via in-depth presentations of the latest and most significant results.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 268 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -Activity in any theoretical area is usually stimulated by new experimental techniques and the resulting opportunity of measuring phenomena that were previously inaccessible. Such has been the case in the area under consideration here beginning about fifteen years ago when the possibility of studying chemical reactions in crossed molecular beams captured the imagination of physical chemists, for one could imagine investigating chemical kinetics at the same level of molecular detail that had previously been possible only in spectroscopic investigations of molecular stucture. This created an interest among chemists in scattering theory, the molecular level description of a bimolecular collision process. Many other new and also powerful experimental techniques have evolved to supplement the molecular beam method, and the resulting wealth of new information about chemical dynamics has generated the present intense activity in molecular collision theory. During the early years when chemists were first becoming acquainted with scattering theory, it was mainly a matter of reading the physics literature because scattering experiments have long been the staple of that field. It was natural to apply the approximations and models that had been developed for nuclear and elementary particle physics, and although some of them were useful in describing molecular collision phenomena, many were not. The most relevant treatise then available to students was Mott and Massey's classic The Theory of Atomic Collisions, \* but, as the title implies, it dealt only sparingly with the special features that arise when at least one of the collision partners is a molecule.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 336 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -In the first half of this century, great strides were made in under standing the behavior of polymers in dilute solutions or in the solid state. Concentrated solutions, on the other hand, were commonly regarded as mainly of interest to practitioners, being too complex for the rigorous application of statistical theory. Given the preoccupation with the isolated polymer molecule and the attendant focus on the state of infinite dilution, it is not surprising that aggregation, and inter-polymer associ ation in general, was the bugaboo of experimentalists. These attitudes have changed remarkably over the last few decades. The application of sealing theory to polymer solutions has stimulated investigation of the semi-dilute state, and the region between infinite dilution and swollen gel is no longer perceived as terra incognita. New techniques, such as dynamic light scattering, have proven to be of much value in such investigations. At the same time, it has become clear that consideration of strong inter- and intra-polymer forces, superimposed on the familiar description of the statistical chain, is prerequisite to the application of polymer science to numerous systems of interest. Para mount among these, of course, are biopolymers, their complexes and assemblies. The isolated random coil must be viewed as tl rarity in nature.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 476 pp. Englisch.…