Lap lambert academic publishing dez 2009 (358 risultati)

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This book is an attempt to reveal in an integrated manner Al _ Tayeb Salih's elements of fiction concerning his skillful portrayal of characters. Special consideration will be given to some elements of nature such as the River Nile and date palm trees, characters' common features, names and their implications, religious and their common features. Moreover, a comparison and contrast have been made among characters. An attempt to reflect some of the Sudanese traditions and customs through the fictional elements as reflected by characters. Due to its integrated process of tackling several of Al Tayeb Salih's novels to analyze their fictional elements, this book will be of great interest to those who share the same interest in such a kind of literature. In addition, it will supply those who would like to have further future studies with some insights. The book will also address those who are interested in the wider cultural aspects, knowledge and experience. …

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The work focuses on the question of the regional economic development of the part of Russia with unique location within the EU territory the region of Kaliningrad. The region has a relatively short but eventful history as a Russian exclave. A small territory has been facing numerous challenges in its development owing to the region s detachment from the mainland. In addition to this, the position between two major players on European arena the EU and Russia defined a particular political significance of the small region. The objectives of the work are to understand specifics of development of small territories surrounded by other states and to define challenges the territories have to tackle; to apply theoretical findings for analyzing a particular case of the detached part of Russian territory Kaliningrad and to identify future prospects for the region. The main findings comprise several future prospects for the Russian region of Kaliningrad in the view of its specific geopolitical position which implies intricate combination of such factors as EU Russia relationship, WTO expansion, energy prices and globalization. 72 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The transition process has profoundly affected schooling and labour market decision-making in all transition economies, including Kosova. Concentrating upon the case of Kosova, we investigate: (i) the demand for education, (ii) the labour supply, (iii) the private returns to education and the probability of being employed, and (iv) the determinants of emigration decisions and of the probability of remitting by emigrants. The analytical framework that we utilise takes full account of the distinctive features of the Kosovan economy. It treats the economic outcomes in Kosova (e.g. low participation in education, high unemployment and inactivity, large-scale emigration) as also constituting development challenges rather than only transitional outcomes. We specifically investigate gender and urban/rural differences as these raise specific developmental concerns. In a number of cases, our findings suggest the need for a different analytical framework and policy packages to interpret and promote economic development in Kosova. This is the first systematic study of these issues in a post-socialist and post-conflict society such as Kosova. 248 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This thesis investigates the utility of transforming the Institutional Army through the use of corporate business models. This study finds that working corporate models, such as Lean Six Sigma (LSS), are available which are already enabling the transformation of a very specific aspect within the institutional Army. The research has also shown that other civilian models can be applied to the Institutional Army as well, such as enterprise resource planning systems (ERP) and information networks (IN). Clearly, each one of these civilian models brings different capabilities to the Institutional Army. 80 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Demands on water supplies in the arid west are continuing to grow even though most rivers are already fully appropriated. Agriculture being the largest and least valued user of this resource will continue to be targeted to fulfill these increased demands. For water supplies to be transferred efficiently from agriculture to other beneficial uses it is necessary to determine the value of water in agriculture across different regions, uses, and legal structures. This study develops a Discrete Sequential Stochastic Programming (DSSP) model to value irrigation water in five agriculturally distinct regions throughout the Platte River Basin. The expected long run value of irrigation water is found and the model is used to interpret the changes in water value due to specific water supply conditions. The results clearly indicate how the value of water in agriculture increases significantly as the water supply decreases. In addition, the results of this study indicate which regions of the Platte River Basin might be able to provide the most cost effective source of water for preserving threatened and endangered species. 64 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -As the population of the Philippines continues to grow, poverty and civil unrest is widespread on the island of Mindanao. Mindanao's poverty can be attributed largely to past migration and economic policies of the Philippines government that delayed economic growth. Furthermore, since independence was obtained from the United States in 1946, the condition of life of Mindanao's poor has worsened due to such factors as internal conflicts between government forces and secessionist movements. This paper sheds some light on the dilemma of poverty, government policies, migration and civil unrest on Mindanao, southern Philippines. 108 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume, Globalization, Integration and Transition, originates from the 8th International Network for Economic Research (INFER) workshop on International Economics held at the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Babe -Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania, on 17-18 October 2008. This workshop brought together researchers and policy makers to discuss the challenges of the European integration, especially for the emergent countries and of the globalisation. Fourteen papers are published in this volume and they form two themes: Globalization, Integration and Development and Facing Globalisation, Integration and Transition: Emergent countries with a focus upon the Romanian Economy. This collection of papers aims to stimulate further debate on these issues and, in doing so, will help to broaden the exchange of ideas among economists in both academia and business. 308 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Theoretical studies and empirical evidence suggest that an optimal committee consists of roughly 5-9 members, although this result may vary somewhat under specific circumstances. This paper develops a conceptual model for the case of a monetary policy committee (MPC). The main conclusions are that (i) MPC size varies according to the size of the monetary zone and overall economic stability; (ii) for large monetary zones (EMU, USA, Japan), MPC size is close to the estimated optimal level; and (iii) in several countries, MPC size is considerably misaligned. Our model is backed by econometric evidence using a 2006 survey for 85 countries, which is available on the Web for further research. 60 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This research explored the perceived factors that influence students breakfast routines. The researcher had become increasingly concerned about her students skipping breakfast, and therefore finding it difficult to concentrate. The choice of breakfast foods at college were often unhealthy options, such as a bag of crisps or bar of chocolate. Students seemed to be influencing one another a lot on their choice of breakfast. Students sometimes reduce the exercise they do, become obsessed with their weight and can lead poor lifestyles. As there had been limited research carried out with college students about their breakfast routines, the researcher wanted to find out from them why they make the choices they do, and what factors influence their routines. Recommendations were made following the findings 112 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Nanoparticles are interesting:possessing properties which significantly differ from those of other larger particles.Natural nanoparticles are formed from magma spewing volcanoes;others are formed by forces such as of oceanic breakers,tides,river currents,etc.But the most complex of all the systems is the 'nanome',i.e.the totality of nanoparticles in a living system.Moreover, using DLS technique it is seen that the natural nanoparticles (high % of approx.90%) in invertebrate(silkworm) haemolymph occur mostly at a size range of approx. 10-15nm while that in vertebrate serum they constitute approx. size range of 50-100nm and in plants is 200nm approx.Here is interesting evolutionary trend.Again,Blue-green algae in ponds have much less average size range(of approx. 200 250nm at 95 98%) of the nanoparticles than the Blue-green algae occurring in hot springs (having size range of approx.600 700nm at 98-100%).The evolutionary significance of these results has not been derived yet.By simply using Foxtail grass extract,it could be said that the proteins so abundant in animal serum or haemolymph is not a prominent composite of the extract. 60 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Are redox reactions ordered and controlled They must be in a biological system or we would not function. This work attempts to explain one possible mechanism for the ordered transfer of electrons that allows for physiological processes to occur. This work would not have been possible with out the support and guidance of David Njus. He continues to be a great friend and supporter to this day. Thanks also go to Dr. Pat Kelley, Dr. Victor Romanenko, and Dr. Joel Burgess for making the atmosphere in the lab so enjoyable and conducive to creative science. 104 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book provides a thorough geomorphological investigation to analyse the extent of damage and subsequent development of a coast before and after the tsunami of 26 December 2004. The main objective is to increase the understanding of future coastal development that is vulnerable to the tectonic activities resulting tsunami and land subsidence. Little was known about the geomorphic settings of the Banda Aceh, a coast worst affected by this tsunami event. This study fills in the gap of knowledge on the forcing factors involved in shaping the geomorphic settings of this study area in history. This information was subsequently used to set some scenarios of future morphological development of the coast. Frequent earthquakes cause high probability of land subsidence and tsunami recurrence (once every 20 to 30 years) in a century. The rate of shoreline retreat caused by tectonic subsidence and tsunami can be an order of magnitude greater than that caused by the gradual sea-level rise in this region. 140 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The industrial development is vital for the economic growth of a country. The metallurgy, electronics and ternary industries are very important industries. The major draws back of these industries is the pollution that causes cancer, kidney disorders and metal toxicity and have become the world wide problems. This book is based on the methods to control metal pollution. Based on the methods described in this book, a model cell is designed which can be installed to individual homes, offices, electronics or leather industries to remove and recycle the heavy metals from their effluents. The designed cell can also be used to recover precious metals from their impure solutions. The technique of electrolysis is coupled with ultrasound and with resins has enhanced the current efficiency and substantially reduced the cost of energy consumption. This sono-electrolytic cell is much more effective and less expensive than the cost of the medicines consumed to recover the patients suffering from water born diseases. 108 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Semi-Markov processes (SMP) are powerful stochastic tools for modeling reliability measures over time. This work precisely aims at proposing more efficient mathematical and numerical treatments for SMP in continuous time. The first approach (called 2N-) is based on transition frequency densities and general quadrature methods. The other proposed method (in short Lap-) applies Laplace transforms that are inverted by a Gaussian quadrature method known as Gauss Legendre to obtain the state probabilities in time domain. Mathematical formulation of these approaches as well as descriptions of their numerical treatment are developed and provided with details. The effectiveness of the novel 2N- and Lap- developments is validated by using examples in the context of oil industries. It is shown that the 2N- and Lap- approaches are significantly less time- consuming and have comparable accuracy to Monte Carlo simulation based solution. 108 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Nowadays hi-tech secure products need more services and more security. Furthermore the corresponding market is now oriented towards more flexibility. In this thesis we propose as novel solution a Multi-algorithm Cryptographic Co-processor called Celator. Celator is able to encrypt or decrypt data blocks using private key encryption algorithms such as Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) or Data Encryption Standard (DES). Moreover Celator allows condensing data using the Secure Hash Algorithms (SHA). These algorithms are frequently implemented in hi-tech secure products in software or in hardware mode. Celator belongs to the class of the flexible hardware implementations, and allows an user implementing its own cryptographic algorithm under specific conditions. Celator architecture is based on a 4x4 Processing Elements (PE) systolic array, a Controller with a Finite State Machine (FSM) and a local memory. Data are encrypted or decrypted by the PE array. This thesis presents Celator architecture, as well as its AES, DES, and SHA basic operations. Celator performances are then given and compared to other securitycircuits. 108 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Semiconductors form the backbone of all modern-day microelectronic and optoelectronic devices. These devices get exposed to various types of radiation when they are used in radiation environments. Exposure to radiation can cause degradation to the performance of these devises leading to their failure. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the performance of semiconductor devices under radiation environments. This monograph deals with an experimental study on the effect of 8 MeV electron irradiation on single crystalline Silicon and polycrystalline thin film Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) devices. A brief introduction to the subject is followed by experimental techniques used. Results of the studies on the effect of electron irradiation on Silicon and CdTe Schottky diodes, Silicon Photo-detectors and CdTe Solar Cells have been discussed and the radiation tolerance of single crystalline Silicon and polycrystalline CdTe thin film have been compared. This is specially targeted to researchers working in the field of irradiation effect on semiconductor devices as well as postgraduate students of Physics, Electrical and Materials Engineering. 120 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The search for novel phases in strongly correlated systems is one of the most active frontiers in contemporary condensed matter physics. In this thesis the author explores the ground state phases of correlated electrons in one-dimension, modelled by the extended Hubbard model at half-filling, focusing on the novel bond-order-wave phase at small to intermediate couplings - a previously unknown phase whose existence was conclusively established by the author and his co-workers. The second problem studied involves the Peierls transition in correlated electrons interacting with finite frequency phonons.Both these topics have direct relevance to modelling and thus gaining an understanding of the properties of real quasi one-dimensional materials. An important aspect of the thesis is the in-depth exposition of the Stochastic Series Expansion (SSE) - a quantum Monte Carlo method that has, in the recent years, evolved into one of the most powerful computational techniques to study strongly correlated systems. The author has contributed to the development of the method and as such has a unique perspective which is bound to benefit anyone planning to learn SSE. 116 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The influx of international graduate students in science and engineering (S&E) to the U.S. has changed since the terrorist attacks of 2001. The implementation of the SEVIS and related F-1 visa policies have required a higher level of scrutiny of the student visa procedures and introduced strict student monitoring policies. SEVIS monitoring and compliance has altered the operation of international student service offices, affected the students they serve, and the operation of the universities enrolling international students. This study investigated the effects of SEVIS on graduate programs in S&E and their students. Information was gathered from respondents of the 60 universities having the highest population of international students in these fields, as per NSF. The results of this study suggest that many international students are negatively affected by SEVIS, impacting their ability to remain in-status and to understand how the system works. To counter this, school professionals have increased their level of support for these students, providing them guidance on how to remain in-status and how to improve their social and academic experience in the U.S. 288 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -When Joseph Campbell introduced his idea of the monomyth or Hero's Journey in The Hero with a Thousand Faces, he used examples of main charachters from folklore, myths and legends. Although his idea seemed to apply to the heroes in these stories, it wasn't certain that it could be transferred to apply to heroes in common literature. This book means to test two things: whether his ideas of the monomyth apply to fakelore as well, and also whether other charachters aside from main charachters have a hero's journey too. The reader will be given information on both Joseph Campbell's theory as well as Tolkien's the Lord of the Rings before an extensive analysis of five charachters: Frodo, Sam, Aragorn, Eowyn and Gandalf. This should be especially useful for anyone interested in the use of Campbell's theory in literature and writing. 92 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This thesis, which utilizes both postcolonial and feminist frameworks, details the value of a widely- popularized text like Andre Dubus III s House of Sand and Fog in academic discourse. Employing mainly the works of Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak and Chandra Talpade Mohanty, the study explains how Dubus work exposes issues of internal colonization in America for both immigrants like the Iranian Behrani family in the novel and white, less recently immigrated citizens. In addition, it acknowledges the value of distinguishing between First and Third World feminisms when working with a text like House of Sand and Fog. Through exploring issues of language, identity, class, race, sex, economic opportunity, and physical space, it argues for an opening of Dubus text that acknowledges the suppression of voice endured in separate and distinct ways by both immigrant and female voices in America. Ultimately, this thesis encourages a reconsideration of a somewhat overlooked text, as far as academic discourse is concerned, and a rejuvenation of interest in Dubus' novel. 72 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This undergraduate thesis examines a handful of instances in the Synoptic gospels of the New Testament where the authors seem to utilize Roman symbols of power and authority to advance new, Christian moralities. I argue that they do this in order to contextualize Jesus in a familiar role to both Roman and Hebrew audiences, so as to provide a new and recognizable character in a story that advances very novel messages of ideal use of power, authority, kingship, and empire. In this thesis, I compare Jesus with Livy's tale of Romulus and his twelve 'lictors' (a very fierce band of personal bodyguards), the apotheosis of Romulus and Jesus, concepts of the Christian 'kingdom of God/Heaven' with Roman 'empire,' and the traditional view of the Hebrew 'Messiah' with Jesus of Nazareth. 64 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Throughout recent decades, China has emerged as a leader in economic and capitalist reform. In a rapid response to these changes, Chinese culture has been exposed to influences of Western lifestyle. In this exposure, the exchange of cultural perspectives leads to a surge in modern design within China. The question emerges: what is Chinese Methodologies and practices must be understood to allow an architectural response that is both imaginary and sensitive. This book investigates modern China in its relationship to aesthetic, culture, politics, and architecture. Chinese lifestyle and process are discussed to gain a Chinese perspective, allowing approach and generation to be affective. Implementation of technique is further pursued in the academic institution, where students are required to execute projects specific to Chinese methodologies and techniques. Through this application, strategies for approaching design in China can simultaneously be accurate and cross-cultural. The context that drives design expands beyond a physical realm and intersects issues of time, space, and perspective. These design strategies result in considerate, culturally charged projects. 96 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Accountability mechanisms in education remain highly controversial. Reshaping teacher evaluation schemes is however critical, not only to meet demands for educational best practice in our knowledge societies but also to enhance the attractiveness of the teaching profession. This book tackles main issues about teacher evaluation in primary and secondary education by analysing the recent literature and current practices within the OECD area. The first chapter provides a conceptual framework which emphasises the evaluation purposes, whether summative when designed to assure that the practices enhancing student learning are undertaken or formative when conducted for further professional development. The second one deals with a number of contentious points, including the question of the use of student outcomes to measure teaching quality, conflicts of interest and possible ways to overcome obstacles. The third chapter explores empirical evidence and concludes with the circumstances under which teacher evaluation seems to be more effective, fair and reliable. Policymakers, teachers, or anyone else concerned by the functioning of our education systems should find an interest in this book. 80 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Maintaining quality in educational institutions is no different from that of industry or business.In higher education this quality has become a priority as a result of the demands from internal and external stakeholders.Quality assurance mechanisms to measure the various operations and processes have increased. In measuring their core business that of teaching, administrators in higher education use students evaluations of faculty and instruction to evaluate the effectiveness of teaching and learning.The primary purpose of this research was to explore students, lecturers and administrators perceptions on the purpose, usefulness and satisfaction with the evaluation process, and also to ascertain students views on the effectiveness of the instruction they received. Two focus group sessions comprising of six senior lecturers and four student union representatives were conducted. In measuring their core business, that of teaching, administrators in higher education use students evaluations of faculty and instruction to evaluate the effectiveness of teaching and learning.Chief among the recommendations was a need to resensitise students, lecturers, and administrators about the process. 144 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book is an attempt to reveal in an integrated manner Al _ Tayeb Salih's elements of fiction concerning his skillful portrayal of characters. Special consideration will be given to some elements of nature such as the River Nile and date palm trees, characters' common features, names and their implications, religious and their common features. Moreover, a comparison and contrast have been made among characters. An attempt to reflect some of the Sudanese traditions and customs through the fictional elements as reflected by characters. Due to its integrated process of tackling several of Al Tayeb Salih's novels to analyze their fictional elements, this book will be of great interest to those who share the same interest in such a kind of literature. In addition, it will supply those who would like to have further future studies with some insights. The book will also address those who are interested in the wider cultural aspects, knowledge and experience. 68 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The news in Pakistan is dead. What had been routine for journalists covering politics, government, and community life is no more. Overshadowed by coverage of violence, international conflict and terrorism since the 9/11 attacks on the U.S., there is no room in Pakistani news media or interest among Pakistani journalists for everyday news. Instead of covering human rights issues and daily social problems, images and news of suicide bombings, terrorist attacks, and religious extremism continue to land on page one, plaster Web pages and dominate TV news. International reporter and scholar Rauf Arif examines, through the stories of 12 Pakistani journalists, changing news trends of journalism in Pakistani media that were set in motion by the events of 9/11. This work bridges a gap in mass media research on how significant events in history impact the values of journalism influence media in everyday life on the other side of the world. 72 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Pentecostal/Charismatic Christianity is shaking the world with emphasis on a vigorous community, missionary work, strong family and individual, personal relationship to God and not in the last place, accent on prosperous health and business. This book is an ethnographic study of a manifestation of this global movement in Hungary. The focus lies on a new type of religious experience that the Pentecostal/Charismatic religion offers to its followers in Faith Church in Budapest, with vivid understanding of the transcendental in the believer s life and the experience of closeness of God, regarded as religious sensations. Considering religious sensations is an innovative approach in understanding religious experience, as it encompasses not only the feelings experienced during sensations, but also their mediation and induction. The role of narratives, bodily movements and the charismatic leadership of this church are analyzed with respect to the creation and mediation of religious experience. 56 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Earnings Management (EM) is a phrase often given to the accounting decisions (or practices) managers make that can affect the outcome of the Bottom Line. Current definitions lend a negative connotation to the phrase and thus people think that all earnings management is wrong, but this book maintains that not all decisions are bad. There are viable decisions managers can make that still help maintain a solid bottom line and are still ethical, mainly because the intent behind the decision is not to deceive. Thus, intent is key. When the intent is to deceive, the resulting actions are defined as fraud, which is illegal. Therefore, many definitions must better distinguish differences between earnings management practices and fraudulent practices. Furthermore, this book attempts to answer the following ethics question: Can one perform EM ethically and still maintain profitable bottom lines This discussion prompts further questions such as: Is something ethical if it is legal or is something unethical if it is illegal 56 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The post-communist interaction between crossborder actors such as dual citizens, crossborder voters, migrant associations, twin municipalities, minority parties, NGO s, local political structures, elections and capital extends into a new crossborder site based on multiple citizenship rights and duties and transnational democratic participation. This process hampers the state- imposed bounded groupness and reveals the fluidity and multiplicity of the crossborder identifications. As political site and identity constituted through discursive and interdiscursive practices across national borders, crossborderness may develop as a basis for further promotion of crossborder democracy and lasting governmentality across national sites. 104 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Why did IMF conditionality prove to be successful in Bulgaria only after 1997, although it was present before Drawing on IMF documents, internal governmental reports and an inter-temporal analysis of three phases of relationship between the IMF and the Bulgarian government, it is argued in this book that the success of IMF conditions requires that conditionality meets linkage. The interests of the Bulgarian policy makers and the IMF coincided after 1997 when the government announced its primary goal - EU membership. Thus, the EU served as an outside anchor , which relieved both, in addition to IMF, financial and political constraints to economic reform. 112 pp. Englisch.…