Springer aug 1998 (369 risultati)

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Development and Organization of the Retina offers an invaluable survey of contemporary research issues and methods dealing with the retina and retinal projections.The book's 19 chapters report on investigations into two areas: research into the organization of the mature retina and work on developmental issues. A sampling of chapter topics includes -- embryonic patterning of cone subtypes in the mammalian retina -- synaptic transmission between retinal neurons -- scaling the retina, macro and micro -- retinal ganglion cell axonal transport, and more.…

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Ecosystem research has emerged in recent decades as a vital, successful, and sometimes controversial approach to environmental science. This book emphasizes the idea that much of the progress in ecosystem research has been driven by the emergence of new environmental problems that could not be addressed by existing approaches. By focusing on successes and limitations of ecosystems studies, the book explores avenues for future ecosystem-level research.…

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Entomopoxviruses; L.A. King, et al. Invertebrate Iridescent Viruses; T. Williams. Nudiviruses; J.P. Burand. The Ascoviruses; L.K. Miller. Polydnaviruses; B.A. Webb. Biological and Molecular Properties of Densoviruses and Their Use in Protein Expression and Biological Control; M. Bergoin, P. Tijssen. Structural Studies of Nodaviruses and Tetraviruses; J.E. Johnson, V. Reddy. Nodaviruses of Insects; L.A. Ball, K.L. Johnson. Tetraviruses; K.H.J. Gordon, T.N. Hanzlik. The Picornalike Viruses of Insects; P.D. Christian, P.D. Scotti. Cypoviruses; S. Belloncik, H. Mori. RNA Virus Expression Systems; K. Olson, et al. Index.…

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This book goes back a long way. There is a tradition of research and teaching in inelasticity at Stanford that goes back at least to Wilhelm Flugge and Erastus Lee. I joined the faculty in 1980, and shortly thereafter the Chairman of the Applied Mechanics Division, George Herrmann, asked me to present a course in plasticity. I decided to develop a new two-quarter sequence entitled 'Theoretical and C- putational Plasticity' which combined the basic theory I had learned as a graduate student at the University of California at Berkeley from David Bogy, James Kelly, Jacob Lubliner, and Paul Naghdi with new computational techniques from the nite-element literature and my personal research. I taught the course a couple of times and developed a set of notes that I passed on to Juan Simo when he joined thefacultyin1985. IwasChairmanatthattimeandIaskedJuantofurtherdevelop the course into a full year covering inelasticity from a more comprehensive p- spective. Juan embarked on this path creating what was to become his signature course. He eventually renamed it 'Computational and Theoretical Inelasticity' and it covered much of the material that was the basis of his research in material modeling and simulation for which he achieved international recognition. At the outset we decided to write a book that would cover the material in the course. …

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This book discusses a famous problem that helped to define the field now known as topology: What is the minimum number of colors required to print a map so that no two adjoining countries have the same color This problem remained unsolved until the 1950s, when it was finally cracked using a computer. This book discusses the history and mathematics of the problem, as well as the philosophical debate which ensued, regarding the validity of computer generated proofs.…

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Mathematical methods play a significant role in the rapidly growing field of nonlinear optical materials. This volume discusses a number of successful or promising contributions. The overall theme of this volume is twofold: (1) the challenges faced in computing and optimizing nonlinear optical material properties; and (2) the exploitation of these properties in important areas of application. These include the design of optical amplifiers and lasers, as well as novel optical switches. Research topics in this volume include how to exploit the magnetooptic effect, how to work with the nonlinear optical responseof materials, how to predict laser-induced breakdown in efficient optical devices, and how to handle electron cloud distortion in femtosecond processes.…

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Perspectives in Spread Spectrum brings together studies and recent work on six exciting topics from the spread spectrum arts. The book gives a wide, collective view of trends, ideas, and techniques in the spread spectrum discipline, due to the authors' extensive work on spread spectrum techniques and applications from different vantage points. The inexorable march of electronics towards ever faster, ever smaller, and ever more powerful electronic and optical circuitry has wrought, and will continue to enable, profound changes in the spread spectrum arts, by allowing increasingly complex signalling waveforms and statistical tests to be implemented as the theory beyond spread spectrum continues to evolve. Perspectives in Spread Spectrum is divided into six chapters. The first chapter deals with sequence spreading design. There is not a single metric for design of spreading sequences; rather, the design is ideally tailored to the specific scenario of usage. This chapter delves into recent and very promising synthesis work. The second chapter deals with OFDM techniques. As channels become wider and trans-channel fading (or jamming) becomes frequency selective across the band, OFDM techniques may provide a powerful alternative design perspective. The third chapter is a generalization of the venerable Walsh functions. A new modulation scheme, Geometric Harmonic Modulation, GHM for short, is reviewed and characterized as a form of OFDM. From GHM, a further generalization of the Walsh functions is derived for non-binary signalling. The fourth chapter is concerned with some new and exciting results regarding the follower jammer paradigm. A counter-countermeasure technique is reviewed, notable for its counterintuitive characteristic which can be understood from a simple yet elegant game framework. The fifth chapter recounts some results pertaining to random coding for an optical spread spectrum link. The technique is basedon laser speckle statistics and uses a coherent array of spatial light modulators at the transmitter but allows the receiver to be realized as a spatially distributed radiometric and therefore incoherent structure. The sixth and final chapter looks at an important and interesting application of spread spectrum to accurately locate a wideband, bent pipe , satellite transponder. It is, in a strong sense, an inverted GPS technique. Perspectives in Spread Spectrum serves as an excellent reference and source of ideas for further research, and may be used as a text for advanced courses on the topic.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This book offers a set of case studies exemplifying the broad range of statis tical science used in environmental studies and application. The case studies can be used for graduate courses in environmental statistics, as a resource for courses in statistics using genuine examples to illustrate statistical methodol ogy and theory, and for courses in environmental science. Not only are these studies valuable for teaching about an essential cross-disciplinary activity but they can also be used to spur new research along directions exposed in these examples. The studies reported here resulted from a program of research carried on by the National Institute of Statistical Sciences (NISS) during the years 1992- 1996. NISS was created in 1991 as an initiative of the national statistics or ganizations, with the mission to renew and focus efforts of statistical science on important cross-disciplinary problems. One of NISS' first projects was a cooperative research effort with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on problems of great interest to environmental science and regulation, surely one of today's most important cross-disciplinary activities. With the support and encouragement of Gary Foley, Director of the (then) U.S. EPA Atmospheric Research and Exposure Assessment Laboratory, a project and a research team were assembled by NISS that pursued a program which produced a set of results and products from which this book was drawn.…

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Subcellular: Response-Field Dynamics in the Auditory Pathway; D.A. Depireux, et al. Rapid Categorization of Extrafoveal Natural Images: Implications for Biological Models;M. Fabre-Thorpe, et al. Cortical Activity Pattern in Complex Tasks; F. Frisone, et al. Cellular: Resolving the Paradoxical Effect of Activity on Synapse Elimination; M.J. Barber, J.W. Lichtman. Cellular Mechanisms of Calcium Elevation Involved in Long Term Memory; K.T. Blackwell, et al. Temporal Characteristics of V1 Cells Arising from Synaptic Depression; F.S. Chance, et al. Network: An Oscillating Cortical Network Model of Sensory-Motor Timing and Coordination; B. Baird. Pattern-Generator-Driven Development in Self-Organizing Models; J.A. Bednar, R. Miikkulainen. Systems: Finite Element Decomposition of Human Neocortex; D.A. Batte, et al. Path Integration in the Rat Head-Direction Circuit; H.T. Blair, et al. Methodology: The Paperless Laboratory: An Integrated Environment for Data Acquisition, Analysis, Archiving, and Collaboration; T.D. Coates, Jr. The Qualitative Reasoning Neuron: A New Approach to Modeling in Computational Neuroscience; J.L. Krichmar, et al. 93 Additional Articles. Index. …

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Studies of convection in geophysical flows constitute an advanced and rapidly developing area of research that is relevant to problems of the natural environment. During the last decade, significant progress has been achieved in the field as a result of both experimental studies and numerical modelling. This led to the principal revision of the widely held view on buoyancy-driven turbulent flows comprising an organised mean component with superimposed chaotic turbulence. An intermediate type of motion, represented by coherent structures, has been found to play a key role in geophysical boundary layers and in larger scale atmospheric and hydrospheric circulations driven by buoyant forcing. New aspects of the interaction between convective motions and rotation have recently been discovered and investigated. Extensive experimental data have also been collected on the role of convection in cloud dynamics and microphysics. New theoretical concepts and approaches have been outlined regarding scaling and parameterization of physical processes in buoyancy-driven geophysical flows. The book summarizes interdisciplinary studies of buoyancy effects in different media (atmosphere and hydrosphere) over a wide range of scales (small scale phenomena in unstably stratified and convectively mixed layers to deep convection in the atmosphere and ocean), by different research methods (field measurements, laboratory simulations, numerical modelling), and within a variety of application areas (dispersion of pollutants, weather forecasting, hazardous phenomena associated with buoyant forcing).…

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Adaptive Resonance Theory Microchips describes circuit strategies resulting in efficient and functional adaptive resonance theory (ART) hardware systems. While ART algorithms have been developed in software by their creators, this is the first book that addresses efficient VLSI design of ART systems. All systems described in the book have been designed and fabricated (or are nearing completion) as VLSI microchips in anticipation of the impending proliferation of ART applications to autonomous intelligent systems. To accommodate these systems, the book not only provides circuit design techniques, but also validates them through experimental measurements. The book also includes a chapter tutorially describing four ART architectures (ART1, ARTMAP, Fuzzy-ART and Fuzzy-ARTMAP) while providing easily understandable MATLAB code examples to implement these four algorithms in software. In addition, an entire chapter is devoted to other potential applications for real-time data clustering and category learning.…

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - On 13 and 14 September 1997, municipal elections took place in Bosnia and Herzegovina. This book extensively covers the findings of the 363 international observers on both polling days. Were the elections `free and fair' What did the observers record about the circumstances, procedures and security measurements at the polling stations Which parties observed the elections, and why How did the election process and the vote count compare to the 1996 elections This book provides a regional profile and outlines specific problems in the various types of polling stations. The observation methodology and design of the observation reports are discussed. Finally, recommendations are made for the upcoming 1998 election observations, and future missions. The book should be of interest to students, scholars and others working in the fields of observation and analysis of elections, ethnic conflicts in the Balkans, and the role of international organisations in democratisation and peace processes.…

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - FRANCIS W. HOLM 30 Agua Sarca Road, Placitas, New Mexico 1. Overview The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) sponsored an Advanced Research in Prague, Czech Republic, on October 13-15, 1997, to collect and Workshop (ARW) study information on effluents from alternative demilitarization technologies and to report on these fmdings. The effluents, orprocess residues, identified for assessment at the workshop are generated by systems that have been proposed as alternatives to incineration technology for destruction of munitions, chemical warfare agent, and associated materials and debris. The alternative technologies analyzed are grouped into three categories based on process bulk operating temperature: low (0-200 C), medium (200-600 C), and high (600-3,500 C). Reaction types considered include hydrolysis, biodegradation, electrochemical oxidation, gas-phase high-temperature reduction, steam reforming, gasification, sulfur reactions, solvated electron chemistry, sodium reactions, supercritical water oxidation, wet air oxidation, and plasma torch technology. These ofprocesses, some of which have been studied categories represent a broad spectrum only in the laboratory and some of which are in commercial use for destruction of hazardous and toxic wastes. Some technologies have been developed and used for specific commercial applications; however, in all cases, research, development, test, and evaluation (RDT&E) is necessary to assure that each technology application is effective for destroying chemical warfare materiel. Table 1 contains a list of more than 40 technologies from a recent report for the U.S. Army [1]. Many ofthe technologies in Table 1 are based on similar principles.…

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - There is broad interest in feature extraction, construction, and selection among practitioners from statistics, pattern recognition, and data mining to machine learning. Data preprocessing is an essential step in the knowledge discovery process for real-world applications. This book compiles contributions from many leading and active researchers in this growing field and paints a picture of the state-of-art techniques that can boost the capabilities of many existing data mining tools. The objective of this collection is to increase the awareness of the data mining community about the research of feature extraction, construction and selection, which are currently conducted mainly in isolation. This book is part of our endeavor to produce a contemporary overview of modern solutions, to create synergy among these seemingly different branches, and to pave the way for developing meta-systems and novel approaches. Even with today's advanced computer technologies, discovering knowledge from data can still be fiendishly hard due to the characteristics of the computer generated data. Feature extraction, construction and selection are a set of techniques that transform and simplify data so as to make data mining tasks easier. Feature construction and selection can be viewed as two sides of the representation problem.…

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This volume contains 19 articles written by speakers at the Advanced Study Institute on 'Modular representations and subgroup structure of al gebraic groups and related finite groups' held at the Isaac Newton Institute, Cambridge from 23rd June to 4th July 1997. We acknowledge with gratitude the financial support given by the NATO Science Committee to enable this ASI to take place. Generous financial support was also provided by the European Union. We are also pleased to acknowledge funds given by EPSRC to the Newton Institute which were used to support the meeting. It is a pleasure to thank the Director of the Isaac Newton Institute, Professor Keith Moffatt, and the staff of the Institute for their dedicated work which did so much to further the success of the meeting. The editors wish to thank Dr. Ross Lawther and Dr. Nick Inglis most warmly for their help in the production of this volume. Dr. Lawther in particular made an invaluable contribution in preparing the volume for submission to the publishers. Finally we wish to thank the distinguished speakers at the ASI who agreed to write articles for this volume based on their lectures at the meet ing. We hope that the volume will stimulate further significant advances in the theory of algebraic groups.…

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Antibodies are crucial to the fine specificity of the immune system. An effective functioning of these molecules requires interaction with immune cells. Receptors for antibodies, Fc receptors, provide this critical link between the humoral and cellular branches of the immune system. This book presents a comprehensive overview of the different Fc receptors currently recognized. The first part of the book contains state-of-the-art overviews on the biological role of FcR. The latest information on FcR heterogeneity, FcR physiology, FcR-ligand recognition, their crucial coordinating role in immunity, interactions with other immunoreceptors, and the role of FcR in immunoglobulin transport and catabolism are discussed. The clinical importance of FcR is developed in the second part of the book. The well-recognized roles of FcR in allergy, inflammation, infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, and immunotherapeutic importance are reviewed. The information in this book is easily accessible and should be helpful for researchers and clinical specialists as a convenient overview of the field, as well as a comprehensive introduction for students starting in this area of research.…

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Today the Scottish electronics industry employs 40,000 people directly and a further 30,000 in the supply infrastructure. There are now more than 550 electronic manufacturing and supplier companies in ' Silicon Glen'. In terms of the contribution to the economy, electronics is by far the most valuable industry. Its value in 1996 was approximately £ 10billion and accounted for more than half of Scotland's exports. The major product groupings within the industry include: - PCs, laptops and workstations - Disk drives, cable harnessing - Printers, keyboards and peripherals - Semiconductor devices and PCBs - TV, VCRs, CDs, stereos and other consumer electronics - Cellular phones and telecommunications products - A TMs and funds transfer systems - Networking and security systems - Navigation and sonar systems - Microwave products - Power supplies - Software and compilers Many of these companies are multi-national OEMs, who came to Scotland as inward investing companies. Early inward investing companies were from USA, followed by companies from Japan, and more recently from Taiwan and Korea. An important segment of the industry is involved in the manufacture of computers, including IBM, Compaq, Digital and Sun. In fact approximately 40% of the PCs sold in Europe are built in Scotland. With five of the world's top eight computer manufacturers locating a manufacturing base in Scotland there has been an attraction for foreign companies keen to provide service for these multinationals. In 1995/96 the supply base output was worth £1. …

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Policy and outcome studies represent a new area of research in oncology. Understanding the factors that affect quality of life, costs of care, patterns of care, and outcomes in oncology is important to providing comprehensive care. Health services is meant to be both a productive area of research as well as a discipline that improves patient decision making. In sum, Cancer Policy highlights some of the important areas of health services research in oncology.…

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This book is a systematic history of one of the oldest problems in the philosophy of space and time: How is the change from one state to its opposite to be described To my knowledge it is the first comprehensive book providing information about and analysis of texts on this topic throughout the ages. The target audience I envisaged are advanced students and scholars of analytic philosophy and the history of philosophy who are interested in the philosophy of space and time. Authors treated in this book range from Plato, Aristotle, the logicians of the late Middle Ages, Kant, Brentano and Russell to contemporary authors such as Chisholm, Hamblin, Sorabji or Graham Priest, taking into account such theories as interval semantics or paraconsistent logic. For the first time, two main questions about the moment of change are explicitly kept apart: Which (if any) of the opposite states does the moment of change belong to And does it contain an instantaneous event The texts are discussed within a clear framework of the main systematic options for describing the moment of change, sometimes using predicate logic extended by newly introduced logical prefixes. The last part contains a new suggestion of how to solve the problem of the moment of change. It is centred around a theory of instantaneous states which provides a new solution to Zeno's Flying Arrow Paradox.…

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with neoplastic disease because of compromised host defenses. These defects result in an increased risk of infection and its complications. The nature of the underlying malignancy, the immunodeficiencies associated with it, and the treatments directed against it are all important determinants of infection. In recent years, the introduction of more intensive chemotherapeutic regimes and the widespread use of bone marrow and peripheral stem cell transplantation have changed the pattern of infection in many patients. Furthermore, the increasing use of central venous access devices and antimicrobial prophylaxis has changed the epidemiology of infection in these patients as well. The goal of this volume in the Cancer Treatment and Research series is to emphasize that while the management of infection in cancer patients is common, it is constantly changing. With the increasing complexity of these patients, optimal management requires a multidisciplinary approach. Ultimately, it is hoped that this book will assist clinicians in the diagnosis, management, and prevention of infection in order to optimize care for patients with cancer.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Das Lehrbuch führt den Leser verständlich in die wichtigen Methoden und Aussagen der modernen Theorie partieller Differentialgleichungen ein. Dabei liegt der Schwerpunkt auf den elliptischen partiellen Differentialgleichungen. Ausgehend von der Laplace-Gleichung (harmonische Funktionen) entwickelt der Autor systematische Techniken, die auch auf größere Klassen von Differentialgleichungen, insbesondere auch auf nichtlineare Differentialgleichungen, anwendbar sind. Zahlreiche Übungsaufgaben veranschaulichen die Inhalte.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Dieses Lehrbuch bietet eine Einführung in die moderne Theorie der partiellen Differentialgleichungen. Der Leser wird zu den wichtigen Methoden und den wesentlichen Aussagen in diesem Bereich hingeführt, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf den elliptischen partiellen Differentialgleichungen liegt. Ausgehend von der Laplace-Gleichung (harmonische Funktionen) entwickelt der Autor systematische Techniken, die auch auf größere Klassen von Differentialgleichungen, und hier insbesondere auch auf nichtlineare Differentialgleichungen, anwendbar sind. Zur Veranschaulichung wurden zahlreiche Übungsaufgaben aufgenommen. Das Buch richtet sich vor allem an Studenten der Mathematik im Hauptstudium, kann aber für interessierte Studenten auch gegebenenfalls schon ab dem dritten Semester verwendet werden.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Das Lehrbuch führt den Leser verständlich in die wichtigen Methoden und Aussagen der modernen Theorie partieller Differentialgleichungen ein. Dabei liegt der Schwerpunkt auf den elliptischen partiellen Differentialgleichungen. Ausgehend von der Laplace-Gleichung (harmonische Funktionen) entwickelt der Autor systematische Techniken, die auch auf größere Klassen von Differentialgleichungen, insbesondere auch auf nichtlineare Differentialgleichungen, anwendbar sind. Zahlreiche Übungsaufgaben veranschaulichen die Inhalte. 308 pp. Deutsch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In this study extending classical Markov chain theory to handle fluctuating transition matrices, the author develops a theory of Markov set-chains and provides numerous examples showing how that theory can be applied. Chapters are concluded with a discussion of related research. Readers who can benefit from this monograph are those interested in, or involved with, systems whose data is imprecise or that fluctuate with time. A background equivalent to a course in linear algebra and one in probability theory should be sufficient. 140 pp. Englisch.…

Buch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -It is well known that stellar winds are variable. Recent investigations show that the observed fluctuations are often cyclical in nature. This property seems to be shared by the winds of cool and hot stars, even though the physical mechanisms driving these winds are fundamentally different. The time was ripe for astrophysicists studying different types of stars, but applying very similar models, to present the state of the art in a concise form. The proceedings will provide a useful, up-to-date overview of the observations, interpretation, and modelling of the time-dependent mass outflows from a wide variety of stars, including young, pre-main-sequence objects, solar-type stars, red supergiants, and hot, massive stars. 444 pp. Englisch. …

Buch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Distributed Computing is rapidly becoming the principal computing paradigm in diverse areas of computing, communication, and control. Processor clusters, local and wide area networks, and the information highway evolved a new kind of problems which can be solved with distributed algorithms.In this textbook a variety of distributed algorithms are presented independently of particular programming languages or hardware, using the graphically suggestive technique of Petri nets which is both easy to comprehend intuitively and formally rigorous. By means of temporal logic the author provides surprisingly simple yet powerful correctness proofs for the algorithms.The scope of the book ranges from distributed control and synchronization of two sites up to algorithms on any kind of networks. Numerous examples show that description and analysis of distributed algorithms in this framework are intuitive and technically transparent. 324 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book sheds light on the sources of environmental concerns in Africa. It shows that not all environmental issues command the same priority interest and, thus, emphasis must be laid on those that are of pressing concern to the continent as a whole and to the Eastern and Southern African regions in particular. The case studies address this topic in detail. 233 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Since 1989, the postcommunist societies of Eastern Europe have been subject to policy advice and political and economic pressure which assumes that the development of 'free market' economies is the best route to economic growth and prosperity. The contributors to this volume take issue with this proposition. Though working from different theoretical perspectives, with different interests, they collectively argue that there are better ways to build dynamic and prosperous industrial economies in Eastern Europe than encouraging the respective societies of the region to ape the contents and swallow the myths of the Anglo-American form of capitalism. The contributors to this volume are among the leading authorities on economic transformation in Eastern Europe. 255 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Correct Systems looks at the whole process of building a business process model, capturing that in a formal requirements statement and developing a precise specification. The issue of testing is considered throughout the process and design for test issues are fundamental to the approach. A model (language) and a methodology are presented that is very powerful, very easy to use and applicable for the 'new world' of component based systems and the integration of systems from dependable components. This book discusses a new area which will be of interest to both software and hardware designers. It presents specification, design, implementation and testing in a user-oriented fashion using simple formal and diagramming techniques with a high level of user-friendliness. The first part provides a simple introduction to the method together with a complete, real case study. The second part describes, in detail, the mathematical theory behind the methods and the claims made. 206 pp. Englisch.…