springer jul 1999 (326 risultati)

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This volume constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-workshop proceedings of an international workshop on fuzzy logic in Artificial Intelligence held in Negoya, Japan during IJCAI '97.The 17 revised full papers presented have gone through two rounds of reviewing and revision. Three papers by leading authorities in the area are devoted to the general relevance of fuzzy logic and fuzzy sets to AI. The remaining papers address various relevant issues ranging from theory to application in areas like knowledge representation, induction, logic programming, robotics, pattern recognition, etc.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 264 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, Sesimbra, Portugal, 3-15 May, 1998Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 612 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Since Fall of 1993, when we completed the manuscript of our book 'Semi conductor-Laser Physics' [W.W. Chow, S.W. Koch, and M. Sargent III (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 1994)] many new and exciting developments have taken place in the world of semiconductor lasers. Novel laser and ampli fier structures were developed, and others, for example, the VCSEL (vertical cavity surface emitting laser) and monolithic MOPA (master oscillator power amplifier), made the transition from research and development to production. When investigating some of these systems, we discovered instances when de vice performance, and thus design depend critically on details of the gain medium properties, e.g., spectral shape and carrier density dependence of the gain and refractive index. New material systems were also introduced, with optical emission wave lengths spanning from the mid-infrared to the ultraviolet. Particularly note worthy are laser and light-emitting diodes based on the wide-bandgap group-III nitride and II~VI compounds. These devices emit in the visible to ultra-violet wavelength range, which is important for the wide variety of optoelectronic applications. While these novel semiconductor-laser materi als show many similarities with the more conventional near-infrared systems, they also possess rather different material parameter combinations. These dif ferences appear as band structure modifications and as increased importance of Coulomb effects, such that, e.g., excitonic signatures resulting from the at tractive electron-hole interaction are generally significantly more prominent in the wide bandgap systems.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 260 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -The book Complex Analysis through Examples and Exercises has come out from the lectures and exercises that the author held mostly for mathematician and physists . The book is an attempt to present the rat her involved subject of complex analysis through an active approach by the reader. Thus this book is a complex combination of theory and examples. Complex analysis is involved in all branches of mathematics. It often happens that the complex analysis is the shortest path for solving a problem in real circum stances. We are using the (Cauchy) integral approach and the (Weierstrass) power se ries approach . In the theory of complex analysis, on the hand one has an interplay of several mathematical disciplines, while on the other various methods, tools, and approaches. In view of that, the exposition of new notions and methods in our book is taken step by step. A minimal amount of expository theory is included at the beinning of each section, the Preliminaries, with maximum effort placed on weil selected examples and exercises capturing the essence of the material. Actually, I have divided the problems into two classes called Examples and Exercises (some of them often also contain proofs of the statements from the Preliminaries). The examples contain complete solutions and serve as a model for solving similar problems given in the exercises. The readers are left to find the solution in the exercisesj the answers, and, occasionally, some hints, are still given.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 356 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Brauer had already introduced the defect of a block and opened the way towards a classification by solving all the problems in defects zero and one, and by providing some evidence for the finiteness of the set of blocks with a given defect. In 1959 he discovered the defect group, and in 1964 Dade determined the blocks with cyclic defect groups.In 1978 Alperin and Broué discovered the Brauer category, and Broué and the author determined the blocks having a nilpotent Brauer category. In 1979, the author discovered the source algebra which determines all the other current invariants, representing faithfully the block ¿ and found its structure in the nilpotent blocks. Recently, the discovery by Rickard that all blocks with the same cyclic defect group and the same Brauer category have the same homotopic category focussed great interest on the new, loose relationship between blocks called Rickard equivalence.This book describes the source algebra of a block from the source algebra of a Rickard equivalent block and the source of the Rickard equivalence. 276 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Neck pain is a common condition seen in the general practice of physiotherapy and occupational therapy. However, appropriate reading materials specifically intended for students therapists are rare. Therefore, this book is aimed to provide a comprehensive textbook for undergraduate rehabilitation sciences students, with the contribution of various experts in different medical disciplines. This book is comprised of five parts. Basic sciences such as anatomy, neurology and biomechanics of the cervical spine is included in Part One. Common pathologies, clinical investigation procedures, diagnostics imaging, surgery and orthotic management of cervical spinal disorders are discussed in Part Two. Occupational neck disorders and sports injuries causing cervical problems are discussed in Part Three, whereas the principles of rehabilitaion of patients with cervical spinal disorders are explained in Part Four. As therapists should be aware of the importance of evidence-based practice, current scientific research areas and outcome assessment of cervical spinal disorders are given in the last part of the book. Undergraduate rehabilitation sciences students, clinical therapists and other medical disciplines, such as medical students, nurses and orthopedics, will find this textbook informative and useful.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - FAY SUDWEEKS AND CELIA ROMM At the tum of the twenty-fIrst century, global communication is changing the fabric of society at a rate never experienced before. The Internet, in particular, has redrawn the map of global economy. To be competitive in today's marketplace, companies need to expand commercial activities beyond national borders. The global network of electronic infrastructure has played a signifIcant role in this expansion but the technology itself is not the factor driving the business revolution. The changes are driven by the interaction of information technology and customer demand. Customers are not only adapting to new technologies, they are demanding more and more global competition. Electronic commerce, therefore, is arguably the most important economic trend of our time. Its presence on the Internet, in particular, is becoming crucial to the effective functioning of organisations, especially in a world where companies need to deal with suppliers, customers, partners and their own units distributed across the world. A global business industry created by the Internet is no longer a projected vision of technocrats; it is a reality. The Internet is already playing a signifIcant role in determining corporate strategy and in creating values.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Now in its fifth edition, Food Science remains the most popular and reliable text for introductory courses in food science and technology. This new edition retains the basic format and pedagogical features of previous editions and provides an up-to-date foundation upon which more advanced and specialized knowledge can be built. This essential volume introduces and surveys the broad and complex interrelationships among food ingredients, processing, packaging, distribution and storage, and explores how these factors influence food quality and safety. Reflecting recent advances and emerging technologies in the area, this new edition includes updated commodity and ingredient chapters to emphasize the growing importance of analogs, macro-substitutions, fat fiber and sugar substitutes and replacement products, especially as they affect new product development and increasing concerns for a healthier diet. Revised processing chapters include changing attitudes toward food irradiation, greater use of microwave cooking and microwaveable products, controlled and modified atmosphere packaging and expanding technologies such a extrusion cooking, ohmic heating and supercritical fluid extraction, new information that addresses concerns about the responsible management of food technology, considering environmental, social and economic consequences, as well as the increasing globalization of the food industry. Discussions of food safety an consumer protection including newer phychrotropic pathogens; HAACP techniques for product safety and quality; new information on food additives; pesticides and hormones; and the latest information on nutrition labeling and food regulation. An outstanding text for students with little or no previous instruction in food science and technology, Food Science is also a valuable reference for professionals in food processing, as well as for those working in fields that service, regulate or otherwise interface with the food industry.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 628 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This book shows, we believe, the breadth and the complexity of issues that econo mists now tackle in their analysis of the connections between the ecosystem and the economic system. The book offers contributions to such disparate issues as the value of preserving the wolf in Sweden and the proper distribution of permits in an effective global warming treaty. Because these questions remain at the fore front of important resource allocation problems that need to be confronted, it is only appropriate that they are represented in a book that intends to paint a picture, albeit certainly incomplete, of the vibrant and progressing state of environmental economics. The contributions cover five areas of environmental economics: policy instru ments, cost-benefit analysis, cost-efficiency, contingent valuation and experimental economics. Each area is worthy of a book by itself, but here we have made a point of focusing on problems that seem directly applicable to the pressing policy issues of today. Thus, the contributors address topics that are directly relevant to interna tional and regional policy making, as well as those that are linked to development of supporting information systems (e.g. resource accounting). In addition, the con tributions seek to provide high-level applications of measurement techniques as well as pertinent critiques of these methods. The next section provides a summary overview of the book.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 266 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Continuing the (neo-)classical tradition of von Thünen, Launhardt, Weber, Palander, and Lösch this book offers a fresh approach to the location of industries and other economic activities, of market areas, spatial price distribution, locational specialization, urban and transportation systems, and spatial interaction in general. It uses elementary economic reasoning supported by simple mathematical models, some classical, some new. The mathematical methods are presented in numbered Mathematical Notes. The author has been active in this field since 1950.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 214 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -In a stochastic network, such as those in computer/telecommunications and manufacturing, discrete units move among a network of stations where they are processed or served. Randomness may occur in the servicing and routing of units, and there may be queueing for services. This book describes several basic stochastic network processes, beginning with Jackson networks and ending with spatial queueing systems in which units, such as cellular phones, move in a space or region where they are served. The focus is on network processes that have tractable (closed-form) expressions for the equilibrium probability distribution of the numbers of units at the stations. These distributions yield network performance parameters such as expectations of throughputs, delays, costs, and travel times. The book is intended for graduate students and researchers in engineering, science and mathematics interested in the basics of stochastic networks that have been developed over the last twenty years. Assuming a graduate course in stochastic processes without measure theory, the emphasis is on multi-dimensional Markov processes. There is also some self-contained material on point processes involving real analysis. The book also contains rather complete introductions to reversible Markov processes, Palm probabilities for stationary systems, Little laws for queueing systems and space-time Poisson processes. This material is used in describing reversible networks, waiting times at stations, travel times and space-time flows in networks. Richard Serfozo received the Ph.D. degree in Industrial Engineering and Management Sciences at Northwestern University in 1969 and is currently Professor of Industrial and Systems Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology. Prior to that he held positions in the Boeing Company, Syracuse University, and Bell Laboratories. He has heldSpringer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 320 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Optical network design and modelling is an essential issue for planning and operating networks for the next century. The main issues in optical networking are being widely investigated, not only for WDM networks but also for optical TDM and optical packet switching. This book contributes to further progress in optical network architectures, design, operation and management and covers the following topics in detail: Routing strategies and algorithms for optical networks;Network planning and design;Wavelength conversion and wavelength assignment in optical networks;Technologies for optical networks (transport, access and local area networks);Transmission aspects in wide area optical networks;New paradigms for traffic modelling.This book contains the selected proceedings of the Second International Working Conference on Optical Network Design and Modelling, which was sponsored by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP), and held in February 1998, in Rome, Italy.This valuable new book will be essential reading for personnel in computer/communication industries, and for academic and research staff in computer science and electrical engineering. 204 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -The bibliography on electromagnetism is very rich and it may be necessary to justify our effort in writing a new text. The present text arose as a need when lecturing about the subject at Instituto Balseiro, in Bariloche, Argentina. We wanted to have a reference text for the most important topics covered in the course, which would also cover some aspects of interest for the applications of the concepts that the students have learned. follows one in classical mechan A course on electromagnetism usually ics. In the latter a brief introduction to the theory of relativity is normally included. During courses on electromagnetism this theory is traditionally pre sented again in brief form. This approach has the effect that, unless students later work on related topics, they do not acquire an appropriate knowledge of relativity. In this way, they lose perspective of the importance of one of the most beautiful and fascinating creations of physics in the twentieth cen tury. For this reason,we consider the properties of charges, currents and electromagnetic fields in vacuum, highlighting the relativistic transformation properties of each quantity. In spite of the advantages and elegance of the co variant formulation of electromagnetism, however, we avoid overemphasizing it. It is left for Chap. 9, where we present it after having developed vacuum electrodynamics. In this way, we minimize the risk of negatively impressing those students who are attracted to more concrete problems. 316 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -The subject of the book is to present the modeling, parameter estimation and other aspects of the identification of nonlinear dynamic systems. The treatment is restricted to the input-output modeling approach. Because of the widespread usage of digital computers discrete time methods are preferred. Time domain parameter estimation methods are dealt with in detail, frequency domain and power spectrum procedures are described shortly. The theory is presented from the engineering point of view, and a large number of examples of case studies on the modeling and identifications of real processes illustrate the methods. Almost all processes are nonlinear if they are considered not merely in a small vicinity of the working point. To exploit industrial equipment as much as possible, mathematical models are needed which describe the global nonlinear behavior of the process. If the process is unknown, or if the describing equations are too complex, the structure and the parameters can be determined experimentally, which is the task of identification. The book is divided into seven chapters dealing with the following topics: 1. Nonlinear dynamic process models 2. Test signals for identification 3. Parameter estimation methods 4. Nonlinearity test methods 5. Structure identification 6. Model validity tests 7. Case studies on identification of real processes Chapter I summarizes the different model descriptions of nonlinear dynamical systems.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 840 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This book provides an up-to-date synthesis of the understanding of the interaction between the emission of nitrogen, its deposition and impact on the most important components of natural and semi-natural ecosystems. The work consists of contributions from internationally renowned research scientists. Individual chapters deal with the factors and processes related to nitrogen deposition and soils, non-forest vegetation communities, forest ecosystems, and surface waters. The assessment of these impacts is discussed in terms of setting critical loads. The book is aimed at researchers, advanced course students and policy makers/advisors involved with aspects of the impact of air pollution. 268 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -A focus on reasons for action and practical reason is the perspective chosen by many contemporary legal philosophers for the analysis of some central questions of their discipline. This book offers a critical evaluation of that approach, by carefully examining the empirical, logical and normative problems hidden behind the concepts of `reason for action' and `practical reasoning'. Unlike most other works in this field, it is a meta-theoretical study which analyses and compares how different theories use the notion of reason in their reconstruction of problems concerning issues such as normativity, the acceptance of norms, or the justification of judicial decisions. This book is directed primarily to scholars specializing in legal theory and concerned with the contribution practical philosophy can make to it, but it also contains important arguments and insights for all those interested in the controversy between legal positivists and their critics, in the theory of human action or in reason-based practical theories in general.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 212 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -In May 1998, a distinguished group of philosophers met in Munich to discuss the rationality of theism. This volume is a collection of the papers read at that conference. While in recent years the rationality of theistic belief has been widely discussed, the Munich conference was an event of some moment in the history of philosophical dialogue: for the first time German- and English-speaking philosophers of religion, representatives of both the Continental and the Anglo-Saxon traditions, joined together to grapple with a common philosophical theme. This multiplicity of perspectives brought a unique richness to the analysis of rationality that no one tradition by itself could provide. Readers will find that richness displayed in the pages of this book. Professional philosophers will find here a great deal to stimulate and challenge them; but graduate students, capable undergraduates, and all others with a serious interest in the philosophy of religion will be well rewarded for their efforts to come to grips with these thought-provoking papers.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 284 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This book originated in a symposium on business ethics that took place in the Faculty of Commerce at the University of Canterbury in September of 1997. Professor Werhane, who was a visiting Erskine Fellow, provided the keynote address, and many of the papers in this collection were originally presented at this symposium. We are grateful to Kluwer Publishers for the opportunity to publish these essays in their series on International Business Ethics. We want to thank the Olsson Center for Applied Ethics at the Darden School, University of Virginia, and the Erskine Trust and the Department of Management at the University of Canterbury for their support of Professor Werhane's fellowship, research for this text, and funding for its production. We especially want to thank Lisa Spiro, who copy-edited and prepared the manuscript for publication. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW This book originated in a symposium on business ethics that took place in the faculty of commerce, at the University of Canterbury, in September 1997. Professor Werhane, who was a visiting Erskine Fellow, provided the keynote address. Contributions to the proceedings were. inter-disciplinary, spanning theory and practice. Subsequent contributions were obtained from within New Zealand and from Asia. The book starts off on rather a pessimistic note: the new managerialism (the kind of thing Scott Adams jokes about in the world-famous Dilbert cartoons) is economically suspect and psychologically damaging.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 260 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -It is difficult for today's students of archaeology to imagine an era when chronometric dating methods were unavailable. However, even a casual perusal of the large body of literature that arose during the first half of the twentieth century reveals a battery of clever methods used to determine the relative ages of archaeological phenomena, often with considerable precision.Stratigraphic excavation is perhaps the best known of the various relative-dating methods used by prehistorians. Although there are several techniques of using artifacts from superposed strata to measure time, these are rarely if ever differentiated. Rather, common practice is to categorize them under the heading `stratigraphic excavation'. This text distinguishes among the several techniques and argues that stratigraphic excavation tends to result in discontinuous measures of time - a point little appreciated by modern archaeologists.Although not as well known as stratigraphic excavation, two other methods of relative dating have figured important in Americanist archaeology: seriation and the use of index fossils. The latter (like stratigraphic excavation) measures time discontinuously, while the former - in various guises - measures time continuously. Perhaps no other method used in archaeology is as misunderstood as seriation, and the authors provide detailed descriptions and examples of each of its three different techniques.Each method and technique of relative dating is placed in historical perspective, with particular focus on developments in North America, an approach that allows a more complete understanding of the methods described, both in terms of analytical technique and disciplinary history. This text will appeal to all archaeologists, from graduate students to seasoned professionals, who want to learn more about the backbone of archaeological dating.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 276 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -In the mid-1970s, as a social psychologist dedicated to the application of knowl edge, I welcomed our field's emerging interest in the legal system. I have al ways been fascinated by jury trials-something about the idea that two con ceptions of the truth were in irrevocable conflict and jurors could choose only one of them. More important, the criminal justice system is a major social force that has been ignored by social psychologists for most of the twentieth century. As I systematically began to explore the applications of social psycho logical concepts to the law 20 years ago, I experienced the delight of discovery similar to that of a child under a Christmas tree. It has been satisfying to be among the cohort of researchers who have studied the legal system, especially trial juries, from a psychological perspective. I believe we have learned much that would be useful if the system were to be revised. Hlf the system were to be revised' . . . there's the rub. As I have stated, my original motivation was the application of knowledge. Like other social scien tists, I believed-perhaps arrogantly-that the results of our research efforts could be used to make trial juries operate with more efficiency, accuracy, and satisfaction. Qver the last two decades, much knowledge has accumulated. How can we put this knowledge to work Judges are the gatekeepers of the legal system.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 284 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -At this time when regulatory agencies are accepting and actively encouraging probabilistic approaches and the attribution of overall uncertainty among inputs to support Value of Information analyses, a comprehensive sourcebook on methods for addressing variability and uncertainty in exposure analysis is sorely needed. This need is adroitly met in Probabilistic Techniques in Exposure Assessment. A host of expert contributors provide a straightforward introduction to the practical tools for addressing variability and uncertainty in support of environmental and human health decision making. 151 graphs, plots, charts, and figures supplement a broad range of detailed and practical examples.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Formanyyearstheintersectionofcomputing anddataanalysiscontainedme- based statistics packages and not much else. Recently, statisticians have - braced computing, computer scientists have started using statistical theories and methods, and researchers in all corners have invented algorithms to nd structure in vast online datasets. Data analysts now have access to tools for exploratory data analysis, decision tree induction, causal induction, function - timation,constructingcustomizedreferencedistributions,andvisualization,and thereareintelligentassistantsto adviseonmatters ofdesignandanalysis.There aretoolsfortraditional,relativelysmallsamples,andalsoforenormousdatasets. In all, the scope for probing data in new and penetrating ways has never been so exciting. The IDA-99 conference brings together a wide variety of researchers c- cerned with extracting knowledge from data, including people from statistics, machine learning, neural networks, computer science, pattern recognition, da- base management, and other areas.The strategiesadopted by people from these areas are often di erent, and a synergy results if this is recognized. The IDA series of conferences is intended to stimulate interaction between these di erent areas,sothatmorepowerfultoolsemergeforextractingknowledgefromdataand a better understanding is developed of the process of intelligent data analysis. The result is a conference that has a clear focus (one application area:intelligent data analysis) and a broad scope (many di erent methods and techniques). 556 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Although size exclusion chromatography (SEC) is perhaps the most popular and widely used technique for determining the molecular weight distribution of polymeric materials, there have been very few texts written on this topic. During the past decade, SEC has experienced a considerable amount of growth in regard to column and detector technology and new applications. With these advances, SEC can now be used for determining absolute molecular weight, polymer chain conformation and size, and branching, as well as polymer solution properties. This book introduces the reader to the fundamentals of SEC with emphasis on practical aspects of the technique, such as column and mobile selection, calibration, new detector capabilities and guidelines for performing SEC on most types of polymers, especially those of industrial importance. This book is intended for either those new to the field of SEC, or for those research workers who require a more comprehensive background.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 252 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Future demographic developments in Europe will be caused by the specific economic, social and cultural context, and will, in turn, have a major influence on future economic and social conditions. To the extent that demographic trends differ across countries, separate countries may face different social and economic problems. As demographic trends tend to have long-lasting effects, it is important to assess the possible consequences of future demographic developments at an early stage. Within the European context, the question can be raised whether the socioeconomic and cultural dimensions of society are dominated by convergent or divergent forces, and what the consequences are of these assumed convergent or divergent tendencies for long-term future demographic developments in the countries of Europe. Since there is no unambiguous answer to this question, this book describes two alternative scenarios for Europe's future population. In the Uniformity scenario, convergent forces are dominant. This will eventually lead to a situation where only marginal economic and cultural differences exist across Europe. Trends in fertility and mortality will converge up to the year 2050, although over time patterns may differ across countries as a result of their different initial states. In contrast to the Uniformity scenario, a Diversity scenario is constructed where cultural, economic and demographic characteristics remain significantly different across countries. This book is the result of close collaboration between researchers from the Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute (NIDI) and Statistics Netherlands (SN). Although the project was a joint effort by all researchers involved, the book has assumed the form of an edited volume, with separate chapters by small groups of authors. The authors are, of course, responsible for writing their own contributions, but they were often involved to a certain extent in the realisation of some of the other chapters as well.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - European Populations: Unity in Diversity was the general theme of the 1999 European Population Conference, which convened in The Hague (The Netherlands) from 30 August to 3 September on behalf of the European Association for Population Studies (EAPS), The International Union for the Scientific Study of Population, (IUSSP), The Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute (NIDI), Statistics Netherlands (SN), and The Netherlands Demographic Society (NVD). On the threshold of the third millennium, Europe is facing major and challenging demographic issues that, to a large extent, will shape its future. These challenges formed the basis for selecting special underlying themes for the plenary sessions at the conference. Four outstanding population experts were invited to present their views. Written versions of their presentations form the contents of this book. Dirk van de Kaa (The Netherlands) describes Europe and its population. Henri Leridon (France) addresses the question `How do Europeans plan their families '. Giuseppe Gesano (Italy) considers the relationship between demographic trends and the labour market, and Marek Okólski (Poland) writes about Europe's recent international migration history.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -There is no branch of mathematics, however abstract, which may not some day be applied to phenomena of the real world. - Nikolai Ivanovich Lobatchevsky This book is an extensively-revised and expanded version of 'The Theory of Semirings, with Applicationsin Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science' [Golan, 1992], first published by Longman. When that book went out of print, it became clear - in light of the significant advances in semiring theory over the past years and its new important applications in such areas as idempotent analysis and the theory of discrete-event dynamical systems - that a second edition incorporating minor changes would not be sufficient and that a major revision of the book was in order. Therefore, though the structure of the first «dition was preserved, the text was extensively rewritten and substantially expanded. In particular, references to many interesting and applications of semiring theory, developed in the past few years, had to be added. Unfortunately, I find that it is best not to go into these applications in detail, for that would entail long digressions into various domains of pure and applied mathematics which would only detract from the unity of the volume and increase its length considerably. However, I have tried to provide an extensive collection of examples to arouse the reader's interest in applications, as well as sufficient citations to allow the interested reader to locate them. For the reader's convenience, an index to these citations is given at the end of the book .Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 400 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Inputs of nitrogen to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems have increased several-fold over the last one hundred and fifty years, with the steepest increases during the last four decades. The expansion of fertilizer manu facture and use, the increase in fossil fuel combustion, the intensification of animal husbandry, and widespread cultivation of N2 fixing crops have all contributed to the dramatic increase in N inputs. The increase has been most rapid in Northern Hemisphere (NH) temperate ecosystems, but presently subtropical and tropical regions of Asia are also experiencing an explosive increase in N inputs to terrestrial ecosystems (W. Chameides, pers. comm. ; Galloway et al. 1996). Projected increases in N deposition for these trop ical and subtropical regions, with a high natural background of N inputs, exceed increases projected for temperate and arctic regions (Cleveland et al. submitted; Galloway et al. 1994; Holland & Lamarque 1997a). Compared to biological N fixation, N deposition is becoming a proportionately greater source of N to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems worldwide (Vitousek et al. 1997). 6 The nitrogen contained in the atmosphere as N , 3. 9 \* 10 Tg (Tg = 2 12 10 g), is the largest reservoir of N in the Earth system (Warneck 1988). However, this paper focuses on the nitrogen emissions and deposition that have been transformed from N2 into reactive forms that are biologically avail able (e. g. Vitousek et al. 1997).

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Mobile Computing Environments for Multimedia Systems brings together in one place important contributions and up-to-date research results in this fast moving area. Mobile Computing Environments for Multimedia Systems serves as an excellent reference, providing insight into some of the most challenging research issues in the field.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -In 1976, volume 116 of the Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems appeared in the library of the University of Illinois. The title of the book, Input-Output Analysis and the Structure of Income Distribution was sufficiently intriguing to one of the present editors (Hewings) to command attention. Some years later, during the First World Congress of the Regional Science Association in Cambridge Massachusetts in 1980, Madden and Batey presented some of their work using their now familiar demographic-economic modeling system. Discussion ensued about the relationship between this system, Miyazawa's formulation and the social accounting matrices most closely associated with the work of Stone. During a year's residence at the University of Illinois, Batey was able to produce a valuable typology of multipliers that began the process of integrating these several modeling systems into a coherent package. Thereafter, a number of regional scientists have exploited the ideas and insights proposed by Miyazawa, especially the notion of the interrelational income multiplier and the ideas of internal and external multipliers.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 388 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This book is a revised version of my dissertation 'DiaLaw - on legal th justification and dialog games' that I defended on June 5 1998 at the Universiteit Maastricht. The chapters 1, 4 & 5 (now: 1, 5 & 6) of my dissertation have remained largely unaltered. In chapter 2 I added explicitly the distinction between constructing legal justification and reconstructing it, and tried to elucidate the differences (and similarities) between the product and process of justification. Chapter 3 is divided into two chapters: one on the general characteristics of DiaLaw (now: chapter 3), and the other on specific, legal characteristics of DiaLaw (now: chapter 4). In order to improve readability, all rules in these chapters have been rewritten considerably. The section on the implementation of DiaLaw is moved to the appendix. In chapter 7 (the former chapter 6), a discussion of the notions 'procedural' and 'structural' arguments is added, and different layers in argumentation models are discussed. Finally, in chapter 8 (the former chapter 7) is added a recapitulation of my view on legal justification, and a discussion on the future use in legal practice of dialog models that represent argumentation in a natural way. The main thesis has remained unaltered: legal justification should be modeled as a procedural, dialogical model in which not only products of argumentation are allowed, but, even in formal models, rhetorical, psychological aspects of argument are dealt with.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 216 pp. Englisch.