springer netherlands apr 1979 (26 risultati)

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This book is intended as a practical manual for chemists, biologists and others whose work requires the use of pH or metal-ion buffers. Much information on buffers is scattered throughout the literature and it has been our endeavour to select data and instructions likely to be helpful in the choice of suitable buffer substances and for the preparation of appropriate solutions. For details of pH measurement and the preparation of standard acid and alkali solutions the reader is referred to a companion volume, A. Albert and E. P. Serjeant's The Determination of Ionization Constants (1971). Although the aims of the book are essentially practical, it also deals in some detail with those theoretical aspects considered most helpful to an understanding of buffer applications. We have cast our net widely to include pH buffers for particular purposes and for measurements in non-aqueous and mixed solvent systems. In recent years there has been a significant expansion in the range of available buffers, particularly for biological studies, largely in conse quence of the development of many zwiUerionic buffers by Good et al. (1966). These are described in Chapter 3.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 188 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Very few people have contributed as much to twentieth-century physics as Julian Schwinger. It is therefore appropriate to offer a retrospective of his work on the occasion of his sixtieth birthday (February 12, 1978). We hope, in offering this selection of his papers, to bring to light ideas and results that may have been partly overlooked at the time of the original publication. Schwinger has published prodigiously on a great variety of subjects, as is evident from the comprehensive list of publications arranged in chronological order which appears on p. xiii. Needless to say, only a small subset could be included in the present modest volume. In the selection, great weight was assigned to papers that seem to be less widely known or appreciated than they deserve. Many important papers are therefore omitted. (Examples: Paper [64] 'On Gauge Invariance and Vacuum Polarization' and Paper [69] 'On Angular Momentum', both of which have been reprinted elsewhere. ) The collection is a personal one, having been chosen by Schwinger himself, and is therefore of particular interest. It would probably not be interesting to offer an analysis, by the editors, of Schwinger's contributions to physics. However, we are very pleased to be able to include Schwinger's own informal and very personal comments about each article that appears in this volume. These comments indicate his reasons for choosing these particular articles and, in many cases, provide a capsule synopsis of what he considers most valuable.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 444 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Anatomy to most people is a subject which suggests the cutting up of dead bodies (the word literally means cutting up). In addition it is generally known that Vesalius published a book in 1543 in which much of the human body was described in detail and more or less accurately. A subject which is dead and ancient fre quently has little appeal especially if it appears to involve learning a large amount of factual information. For many years anatomy has had to struggle with these disadvantages and at times one has had the impression that there is almost a conspiracy on the part of everyone to suggest that anatomy is unnecessary. There is no doubt, however that a knowledge of the structures of the body, for that is what anatomy is, whether it is what can be seen with the naked eye or with different kinds of microscope, is an essential preliminary and corollary to the understanding of the functions of the body. It was no historical accident that Vesalius, the anatomist, preceded Harvey, the physiologist. No apology need be made for trying to present the basic facts of anatomy to anyone interested in the human body and to members of any profession which will have to cope with the physical and mental problems of children, men and women in health and in sickness. It is not intended that the reader should know every thing contained in this book.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 296 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Modern philosophy has benefited immensely from the intelligence, and sensitivity, the creative and critical energies, and the lucidity of Polish scholars. Their investigations into the logical and methodological foundations of mathematics, the physical and biological sciences, ethics and esthetics, psychology, linguistics, economics and jurisprudence, and the social science- all are marked by profound and imaginative work. To the centers of empiricist philosophy of science in Vienna, Berlin and Cambridge during the first half of this century, one always added the great school of analytic and methodol ogical studies in Warsaw and Lwow. To the world centers of Marxist theoretical practice in Berlin, Moscow, Paris, Rome and elsewhere, one must add the Poland of the same era, from Ludwik Krzywicki (1859-1941) onward. American socialists and economists will remember the careful work of Oscar Lange, working among us for many years and then after 1945 in Warsaw, always humane, logical, objective. In this volume, our friend and colleague, Jerzy J. Wiatr, has assembled a representative set of recent essays by Polish social scientists and philosophers. Each of these might lead the reader far beyond this book, to look into the Polish Sociological Bulletin which has been publishing Polish sociological studies in English for several decades, to study other translations of books and papers by these authors, and to reflect upon the interplay of logical, phenomenological, Marxist, empiricist and historical learning in modern Polish social understanding.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 292 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -B. G. Marsden Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A. !AU Symposium No. 81, 'Dynamics of the Solar System', was held at the Hydrographic Office, Tokyo, Japan, during 23-26 May 1978. The Sym posium was cosponsored by COSPAR and IUTAM, and generous financial sup port was also provided by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. !AU sponsorship was through Commissions 4, 7 and 20, and the Scientific Organizing Committee consisted of the current Presidents, Vice Presi dents and immediate Past Presidents of these Commissions: V. K. Abalakin, R. L. Duncombe, Y. Kozai, L. Kresak, B. G. Marsden (Chairman), P. J. Message, A. M. Sinzi, G. Sitarski and V. G. Szebehely. There were 64 participants from 15 countries, and 55 invited and contributed papers were read. The papers covered all branches of re search on solar-system dynamics, and the eight sessions (chaired by Y. Kozai, V. G. Szebehely, W. Fricke, A. M. Sinzi, G. Sitarski, B. G.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 348 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -For Louis Pasteur, the two distinctive properties of dissymmetric systems, optical activity and chiral discrimination, provided prime evidence for a Divine origin to the universe. Handedness appeared to be built into the macrocosm of the galaxies, each with a non-superposable mirror image by virtue of its rotation, as well as the microcosm of each molecule of most natural products. The best that the chemist in the laboratory could accomplish appeared to be the synthesis of the detordu internally-compensated meso-form and, as Pasteur ultimately came to admit, the externally-compensated racemic form. In the latter case the chemist generated not merely one but two chiral structures, although parity, and secondary symmetry generally, seemed to be conserved in the enantiomer antipode pair. The cosmic element in the Pasteur tradition received an augmentation in secular form from demonstrations of the non conservation of parity in the weak interactions, and from the discovery of net circularity in the extra-terrestrial photons, such as those from the less-distant planets, particularly the photons from the Jupiter red-spot. The development of the photoacoustic circular analysers a decade ago was received in fact with as much enthusiasm by the astronomers as by the chemists. It would be just to add, however, that the majority of these circular analysers are now to be found, not in the observatories, but in the physical and chemistry laboratories devoted to the molecular aspects of the Pasteur tradition.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 388 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -The book brings together research communities from different disciplines and countries, and offers an exchange about theoretical frameworks and practical experiences to guide research and policy 'towards environmental innovation systems'. The contributions selected explore new directions of research at the borderline between two established research traditions: systems of innovation and environmental innovations. For this purpose, the book draws on recent conceptual and empirical insights as well as on policy-oriented analyses. It is structured according to the four main areas of interest with respect to environmental innovation systems: conceptual foundations, empirical experiences, strategic approaches, and experiences with policy instruments.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 334 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -Modern philosophy has benefited immensely from the intelligence, and sensitivity, the creative and critical energies, and the lucidity of Polish scholars. Their investigations into the logical and methodological foundations of mathematics, the physical and biological sciences, ethics and esthetics, psychology, linguistics, economics and jurisprudence, and the social science- all are marked by profound and imaginative work. To the centers of empiricist philosophy of science in Vienna, Berlin and Cambridge during the first half of this century, one always added the great school of analytic and methodol ogical studies in Warsaw and Lwow. To the world centers of Marxist theoretical practice in Berlin, Moscow, Paris, Rome and elsewhere, one must add the Poland of the same era, from Ludwik Krzywicki (1859-1941) onward. American socialists and economists will remember the careful work of Oscar Lange, working among us for many years and then after 1945 in Warsaw, always humane, logical, objective. In this volume, our friend and colleague, Jerzy J. Wiatr, has assembled a representative set of recent essays by Polish social scientists and philosophers. Each of these might lead the reader far beyond this book, to look into the Polish Sociological Bulletin which has been publishing Polish sociological studies in English for several decades, to study other translations of books and papers by these authors, and to reflect upon the interplay of logical, phenomenological, Marxist, empiricist and historical learning in modern Polish social understanding.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 292 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -of Ontology II.- 1. System.- 1. Basic Concepts.- 1.1. Aggregate and System.- 1.2. Concrete System: Definition.- 1.3. More of the Same.- 1.4. Subsystem.- 1.5. Level.- 1.6. Systems Association.- 1.7. Other Kinds of System: Property and Functional.- 1.8. Concluding Remarks.- 2. System Representations.- 2.1. Coupling Graphs and Matrices.- 2.2. The State Space Representation.- 3. Basic Assumptions.- 3.1. Structural Matters.- 3.2. Assembly and Emergence.- 3.3. Selection.- 3.4. Evolution.- 4. Systemicity.- 4.1. Integration, Cohesion, Coordination.- 4.2. Holism, Atomism, Systemism.- 5. Concluding Remarks.- 2. Chemism.- 1. Chemical System.- 1.1. Atom.- 1.2. Molecule.- 1.3. Chemical System.- 1.4. Chemical Reaction.- 1.5. Chemical Control.- 2. Biochemical System.- 2.1. Biomolecule.- 2.2. DNA Replication, and RNA and Protein Synthesis.- 2.3. Biochemical System.- 2.4. Concluding Remarks.- 3. Life.- 1. From Chemism to Life.- 1.1. Self-Organization of Biochemical Systems.- 1.2. Definition of a Biosystem.- 1.3. Cell and Organism, Biospecies and Biopopulation.- 1.4. Biolevel.- 1.5. Concluding Remarks.- 2. Biofunction.- 2.1. Health and Death.- 2.2. Function and Value.- 2.3. Biocontrol.- 2.4. Development.- 2.5. Reproduction and Heredity.- 2.6. Development, Heredity, and the Metaphysical Tradition.- 3. Evolution.- 3.1. Adaptation.- 3.2. Adaptation Mechanism.- 3.3. Evolution and Coevolution: Basic Ideas.- 3.4. A Schema of the Evolutionary Process.- 3.5. The Underlying Mechanism.- 3.6. Bioprogress.- 4. Concluding Remarks.- 4. Mind.- 1. Central Nervous System.- 1.1. Philosophical Background.- 1.2. Neural Units.- 1.3. Initial Definitions.- 1.4. Basic Assumptions.- 2. Brain States.- 2.1. Brain Functions.- 2.2. Mental States and Processes.- 2.3. Psychosomatic Interaction.- 2.4. Location of the Mind.- 2.5. Mentalist Predicates.- 3. Sensation to Valuation.- 3.1. Sensing and Perceiving.- 3.2. Mapping Body and Environment.- 3.3. Behavior: Definitions and Principles.- 4. Recall to Knowledge.- 4.1. Memory and Learning.- 4.2. Expectation and Purpose.- 4.3. Thinking.- 4.4. Cognition and Decision.- 4.5. Creativity.- 5. Self to Society.- 5.1. Awareness, Consciousness, Will.- 5.2. Person and Self.- 5.3. Social Behavior.- 5.4. The Root of Social Cohesion.- 5.5. Communication.- 5.6. Protoeconomy, Protoculture, Protopolity.- 6. Concluding Remarks.- 5. Society.- 1. Human Society.- 1.1. Definitions.- 1.2. Subsystem, Supersystem. Specific Function.- 1.3. Institution.- 2. Social Subsystems and Supersystems.- 2.1. Work.- 2.2. Labor.- 2.3. Cultural and Managerial Work.- 2.4. The Main Subsystems of a Human Society.- 2.5. The Supersystems: Nation and World.- 3. Economy, Culture, and Polity.- 3.1. The Economic System.- 3.2. The Cultural System.- 3.3. The Political System.- 4. Social Structure.- 4.1. Root Social Relations.- 4.2. Social Structure.- 4.3. Differentiation and Cohesion.- 4.4. Social Relations and Structures: Real .- 5. Social Change.- 5.1. The Social Structure Approach.- 5.2. History.- 6. Concluding Remarks.- 6. A Systemic World View.- 6.1. A World of Systems.- 6.2. System Genera.- 6.3. Novelty Sources.- 6.4. Emergence.- 6.5. Systemism Supersedes Atomism and Holism.- 6.6. Synopsis.- Appendix A. System models.- 1. Input-Output Models.- 1.1. The Black Box.- 1.2. Connecting Black Boxes.- 1.3. Control System.- 1.4. Stability and Breakdown.- 2. Grey Box Models.- 2.1. Generalities.- 2.2. Deterministic Automata.- 2.3. Probabilistic Automata.- 2.4. Information Systems.- Appendix B. Change models.- 1 Kinematical Models.- 1.1. Global Kinematics.- 1.2. Analytical Kinematics.- 1.3. Balance Equations.- 1.4. Lagrangian Framework.- 1.5. Kinematical Analogy.- 2. Dynamical Models.- 2.1. Generalities.- 2.2. Formalities.- 2.3. The Pervasiveness of Cooperation and Competition.- 2.4. The Dynamics of Competitive-Cooperative Processes.- 3. Qualitative Change Models.- 3.1. Kinematical: Birth and Death Operators.- 3.2. Dynamical: Random Hits.- Index of Names.- Index of Subjects.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 336 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -The Star of Redemption, \* which presents Franz Rosenzweig's system of philosophy, begins with the sentence 'from death, (vom Tode) , from the fear of death, originates all cognition of the All' and concludes with the words 'into life. ' This beginning and this conclusion of the book signify more than the first and last words of philosophical books usually do. Taken together - 'from death into life' - they comprise the entire meaning of Rosenzweig's philosophy. The leitmotif of this philosophy is the life and death of the human being and not the I of philosophical idealism, where man ultimately signifies 'for ethics' no more than' . . . a point to which it (ethics) relates its problems, as for science also he (man) is only a particular case of its general laws. 'l Rosenzweig deals with the individual's actual existence, that which is termi nated by death; he speaks of the individual's hic et nunc, of his actions and decisions in the realm of concrete reality. This philosophy is not an exposition of theoretical principles. It is not concerned with man in general in abstract time, but rather with the individual human being, designated by a proper name, living in his particular time. \*\* Human existence in its finiteness and temporalness forms the focus in which Rosenzweig's motif can be gathered together.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 202 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -B. G. Marsden Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A. !AU Symposium No. 81, 'Dynamics of the Solar System', was held at the Hydrographic Office, Tokyo, Japan, during 23-26 May 1978. The Sym posium was cosponsored by COSPAR and IUTAM, and generous financial sup port was also provided by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. !AU sponsorship was through Commissions 4, 7 and 20, and the Scientific Organizing Committee consisted of the current Presidents, Vice Presi dents and immediate Past Presidents of these Commissions: V. K. Abalakin, R. L. Duncombe, Y. Kozai, L. Kresak, B. G. Marsden (Chairman), P. J. Message, A. M. Sinzi, G. Sitarski and V. G. Szebehely. There were 64 participants from 15 countries, and 55 invited and contributed papers were read. The papers covered all branches of re search on solar-system dynamics, and the eight sessions (chaired by Y. Kozai, V. G. Szebehely, W. Fricke, A. M. Sinzi, G. Sitarski, B. G.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 348 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -The IAU Colloquium No.49, on the formation of images from spatial coherence functions in astronomy, was held at Groningen, the Netherlands, during the period 10-12 August 1978. The colloquium was attended by 108 participants from 14 countries (U.S.A. 29, the Netherlands 20, U.K. 19, Germany 10, France 7, Australia 5, Canada 5, Japan 4, India 2, New Zea land 2, Sweden 2, Argentina I, Belgium I, Israel I). It was sponsored by the Netherlands Foundation for Radio Astronomy, the International Astronomical Union, the Department of Education and Sciences, the Union Radio-Scientifique Internationale, the Leiden Kerkhoven-Bosscha Foundat ion and the State University at Groningen. This volume contains 36 of the 37 papers presented. Nearly all papers are followed by a sununary of the discussion that took place after their presentation. A few papers, published in full elsewhere, are given only as abstracts. The majority of the papers are related to aperture synthesis in radio astronomy; a small number deal with optical astronomy and with applications in acoustics and medicine. The presentations are divided in 7 groups: aperture synthesis and its deficiencies, the problem of limited or missing phase information, techniques for processing and data display, optical interferometric methods, maximum entropy image reconstruction, other image improvement methods, and a survey of image formation from projections. Each group contains one or two invited lectures (see Table of Contents), intended as surveys of particular areas; on the average they occupy twice as many pages as the other papers.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 352 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware -This volume contains the papers presented at the NATO Advanced Study Institute on the Interlinking of Computer Networks held between August 28th and September 8th 1978 at Bonas, France. The development of computer networks has proceeded over the last few decades to the point where a number of scientific and commercial networks are firmly established - albeit using different philosophies of design and operation. Many of these networks are serving similar communities having the same basic computer needs and those communities where the computer resources are complementary. Consequently there is now a considerable interest in the possibility of linking computer networks to provide resource sharing over quite wide geographical distances. The purpose of the Institute organisers was to consider the problems that arise when this form of interlinking is attempted. The problems fall into three categories, namely technical problems, compatibility and management. Only within the last few years have the technical problems been understood sufficiently well to enable interlinking to take place. Consequently considerable value was given during the meeting to discussing the compatibility and management problems that require solution before x FOREWORD global interlinking becomes an accepted and cost effective operation. Existing computer networks were examined in depth and case-histories of their operations were presented by delegates drawn from the international community. The scope and detail of the papers presented should provide a valuable contribution to this emerging field and be useful to Communications Specialists and Managers as well as those concerned with Computer Operations and Development.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 490 pp. Englisch.