Springer netherlands nov 2013 (498 risultati)

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This case book provides examples of multi-stakeholder partnerships that aim to create sustainable enterprises for both the for-profit sectors and for individuals who live in conditions of poverty. Ideal for teaching, after a brief introduction to the case method, the cases are presented as descriptions with no comments or criticisms. The cases are arranged thematically and cover a broad array of solutions in diverse countries including India, Bangladesh, Vietnam, Tanzania, the United States, South Africa, Mozambique, Peru, Ghana, Haiti,and Mexico. Specific programs for alleviating-or even eradicating-poverty through profitable partnerships come from myriad sectors such as banking, health, education, infrastructure development, environment, and technology. The cases highlight solutions that focus on bringing about substantive shifts in the conditions of life for those living in poverty. 372 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -My interest in non-Archimedean utility theory and the problems related to it was aroused by discussions which I have had with Professors Werner Leinfellner and Günter Menges. On the occasion of the Second Inter national Game Theory Workshop, Berkeley, 1970, which was sponsored by the National Science Foundation, I had the opportunity to report about a result on non-standard utilities. Work on this subject continued when I was a research assistant of Professor Günter Menges at the Uni versity of Heidelberg. The present mono graph is essentially a translation of my habilitation thesis which was accepted on February 15, 1973 by the Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences at the Universtity of Heidelberg. On translating my thesis I took up some suggestions made by ProfessorWerner Böge from the Faculty of Mathematics at the Uni versity of Heidelberg. Through lack of time many of his ideas have not been taken into consideration but I hope to do so in a future paper. The first chapter should be considered as a short introduction to pref erence orderings and to the notion of a utility theory proposed by Dana Scott and Patrick Suppes. In the second chapter I discuss in some detail various problems of ordinal utility theory. Except when introducing non-standard models of the reals no use is made of concepts of model theory. This is done in deference to those readers who do not wish to be troubled by formal languages and model theory. 156 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Two Symposia on speciation in insects held at the Fourteenth International Congress of Entomology (Canberra, Australia, August 22-30, 1972) are included in this volume. The first, on the more general topic of Genetic Analysis of Speciation Mechanisms, includes four papers on speciation in various groups of Diptera and Orthopteroid insects. The second symposium was devoted to the topic of Evolution in the Hawaiian Drosophilidae; it deals with the explosive speciation of a group of flies with specialized ecological requirements in the complex ecolOgical habitats provided by a recent tropical volcanic archipelago. The Hawaiian Symposium, organized by Professor D. Elmo Hardy, is the latest outcome of a major collaborative research project involving over 20 scientists and about 125 technical assistants over a period of ten years. Some recent books on evolution have taken the standpoint that the funda mental genetic mechanism of speciation is relatively uniform and stereotyped and, in particular, that the 'allopatric' model of its geographic component is universally valid. Certainly, this has been a rather generally accepted viewpoint on the part of students of vertebrate speciation. Workers on speciation in insects have tended, in general, to be less dogmatic and more willing to consider a variety of alternative models of speciation. Thus, in the present volume, several contributions adopt viewpoints which are unorthodox or novel. Only time will tell whether their conclusions will turn out to have been soundly based. 184 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Much progress has been made in recent years in understanding the complex physics of polarized radiation in the sun and stars. This physics includes vector radiative transfer and spectral line formation in the presence of magnetic fields, scattering theory and coherence effects, partial redistribution and turbulent magnetic fields, numerical techniques and Stokes inversion, as well as concepts for polarimetric imaging with a precision limited only by photon statistics. The present volume gives a comprehensive and up-to-date account of this rapidly evolving field of science. 448 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Proceedings of the Nineteenth Jerusalem Symposium in Quantum Chemistry and Biochemistry, held in Jerusalem, Israel, May 5-8, 1986 440 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The inspiration for this volume lies in Edisbury's Practical Hints for Absorption Spectrometry which was published 17 years ago. Dr Edisbury was a founding member of the Photoelectric Spectrometry Group, served as its first Secretary and edited the Bulletin for many years. His wisdom, humour and pragmatism was evident in early meetings of the Group and in the first issues of the Bulletin, and these qualities were distilled in the writing of Practical Hints. In 1977, the Committee of the Group, which by then had been re-named The UV Spectrometry Group, decided to make use of the expertise available amongst the members of the Group in writing some monographs on the practice of UV and visible spectrometry. Working parties were set up which formulated and produced the first two volumes of the series on Standards in Absorption Spectrometry and Standards in Fluorescence Spectrometry. The success of these volumes lead the present Committee of the Group to set up a new Working Party in 1981 to plan a modern version of Edisbury's book. The idea really caught fire' at the first meeting of the Working Party, when ideas sufficient to fill ten vol umes were put forward. We would not pretend to emulate Edisbury's unique style, but hoped to produce a readable book for the newcomer to UV -visible absorption spectrometry, and perhaps to improve the technique of more experienced users. 260 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In August 1978, one hundred or so scholars from several countries around the world met in Crete, Greece to discuss the progress made in designing information systems and the relation of information science to this activity. This was the Third Advanced Study Institute supported by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Brussels, Belgium. The first Institute was conducted in 1972 and held in Seven Springs, Pennsylvania. The results of this Institute were published by Marcel Dekker and titled Information Sc. ience: Search for Identity. The'second Institute was held at the College of Librarianship, Aberystwyth, Wales in the summer of 1974. The proceedings were published by Noordhoff International Publishing, Leyden, The Netherlands, entitled Perspectives of Information Science edited by A. Debons and Hilliam Cameron. The three institutes that were conducted shared a common purpose, namely, to assess the state of affairs of information science and to share this assessment with inter national community. Information science can be said to have emerged during the past two, three decades in response to the significant increase in data-knowledge processing technology, the growth of knowledge as the result of these trends and the increase in problem solving, decision making complexity that faced all institutions at all levels throughout the world. Information systems, for many reasons, remain as an abstraction. Nevertheless, considerable funds and human efforts are being expended on them. Thus, such systems are of vital concerns to both scientists and technologists who are involved in them. 576 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The series of workshops sponsored by the European Communities started with 'Methodology of PET' at Hammersmith Hospital, London, in March 1984. This was followed by 'Radiochemistry, Methodology and Standardization in PET' at the Service Hospitalier Frederic Joliot in Orsay, France, in March 1985. Both these meetings were, in the opinion of all participants, great successes, and it was agreed that such work shops should continue and be organized on the same basis. After these two workshops on the fundamentals of PET, time now is ripe to evaluate the clinical efficacy of PET investigations, and to discuss to what extend the information provided by this high technology and theoretical area has contributed to the understanding of disease mechanisms, leading to immediate clinical applications. As pointed out in the previous meetings, PET using short-lived radioisotopes produced in an on-line cyclotron is restricted to a few centers. Therefore, the topics studied so far were mainly of scientific interest and clinical problems were dealt with only marginally. Before this costly technique can be spread and new information made accessible to a broader clinical clientele, its clinical value must be demonstrat ed. So far, in the majority of studies, the central nervous system was the primary target organ, and PET has contributed a great deal to our understanding of brain physiology and pathology. Also on the heart, a substantial number of studies have been performed in various centers, but the application of PET to this organ is still somewhat limited. 436 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The universe is the largest system of all. It consists of elementary particles bound together by gravitational, electromagnetic and nuclear forces. Its structural hierar chy in space (from atomic nuclei to supergalaxies) and its evolutionary sequence (from the fireball to the diversity of present forms) is governed by the properties of elementary particles and their interactions. This book is an attempt to interpret the structure and evolution of the universe in terms of elementary particles and of their interactions. This book is intended to present a background for students in astronomy and related sciences, such as geophysics, meteorology, plasma physics, chemistry, nuc lear physics, space sciences and some others. The universe forms a general framework fo: all the phenomena studied by these sciences. It was possible to squeeze an extensive range of topics from various disciplines into one book of acceptable size only under some severe limitations: (a) no references are given; (b) arguments are shortcut; (c) quantities are often expressed in the order of magnitude; and (d) formulae have been limited to a minimum. Often more hypo theses or theories exist for a phenomenon. We have chosen only one. The preference for a theory or hypothesis may be personal and the theory itself may later prove incorrect. But, many theories about a particular phenomenon would cover many pages and might lead to confusing effects. 272 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The ionosphere of the Earth has been actively studied since the 1920's, following the discovery of ground radio-sounding. By means of this method results were ohtained by an international network of ionospheric stations, in particular, by the successful implementation of a number of rigorously planned international scientific research programs,'' enabling the collection of extensive experimental material on some of the most important parameters of the ionosphere - the critical freLjuencies of E-, Fl and F2-layers. Comprehensive analyses of these observation data give a fairly complete picture of the various changes taking place in the principal ionospheric layers at different points on our globe. Another important aspect of the study of the ionosphere, which has been in progress for the past three decades, is an extensive program of in situ determinations of the various physical parameters - first using rockets, and subsequently artificial satellites. The data thus obtained on the principal ionizing agent - short-wave solar radiation - and on the physical conditions prevailing in the upper atmosphere and in the ionosphere at different altitudes, allow the proposal of a self-consistent mechanism of ionosphere formation. A general outline of the theory of ionosphere formation at different altitudes is now complete. Its application to specific cases, dependent on a more accurate determination of input parameters to give solutions valid for a definite set of conditions etc., is yet to be accomplished. The use of artificial satellites in cosmic research yielded abundant scientific data. 184 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Nowadays electrical force transducers, in which various electrical conversion principles are applied, are widely used. Transducers for forces from 1N till 10 MN are commercially available and used for industrial as well as research purposes. They not only serve to measure forces but also for weighing purposes. Directly converting a force into an electrical signal is not possible. This must be done step by step. For instance, in a strain gauge based transducer the conversion chain is: force - stress - strain - resistance change - bridge output. At every conversion point in this chain parasatic influences can interfere with the results and may cause a loss in accuracy. To surmount the problems related to obtaining sufficient accuracy and reliability for these transducers, much research has been done allover the world in the past 35 years. As a result, new materials, new techniques, improved constructional designs and compensation circuits have been found to overcome the parasitic influences. The object of the IMEKO Conferences on behalf of the Technical Committee on Measurement of Force and Mass (TC-3) is to exchange experiences, to discuss problems and to obtain knowledge about practical applications. In this book the papers have been collected that will be discussed at the 11th International Conference on Measurement of Force and Mass. The topic of this conference is 'Mechanical Problems in Measuring Force and Mass'. 352 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In the dozen years since the first edition appeared, there has been a great advance in understanding of the Earth's deep interior. This is not because there have been breakthroughs in understanding, or even many changes of ideas, but largely because of many small advances, often the result of improved tech niques. This has led to a complete revision of the book. For instance, we have a much better idea of how the cloud of gas that formed the Solar Nebula evolved into the Sun and the planets, and of the chemical processes that accompanied its evolution and determined the mix of elements in the Earth. We have a better understanding of convection and how plates are an essential part of it, and how it is accompanied by chemical processes that have extracted the materials to build continents. Although the major variation within the Earth is radial, improved geophysical and geochemical techniques have made progress in investigating and under standing the lateral heterogeneities, and it is encouraging that when geochemists and geophysicists talk about lateral heterogeneities they can sometimes be referring to the same thing. Plumes have become very fashionable as the cause of hot-spot magmatism and associated geochemical anomalies, probably origi nating at the base of the mantle (though clear evidence for their existence is lacking). 292 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The fields of hydrodesulfurization (HDS) and hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) continue to attract the attention of researchers in the various disciplines connected to these fascinating problems that represent two of the key outstanding chemical challenges for the petroleum refining industry in view of their very strong environmental and commercial implications. One area that has flourished impressively over the last 15 years is the organometallic chemistry of thiophenes and other related sulfur-containing molecules. This has become a powerful method for modeling numerous surface species and reactions implicated in HDS schemes, and nowadays it represents an attractive complement to the standard procedures of surface chemistry and heterogeneous catalysis, for understanding the complex reaction mechanisms involved in this process. Similar developments have begun to appear in connection with HDN mechanisms, although in a much more modest scale and depth. Some years ago when, encouraged by Prof. B. R. James, this book was planned, several excellent reviews and monographs treating different aspects of HDS were already available including some on the subject of organometallic models. However, it seemed appropriate to try to summarize the most striking features of this chemistry in an updated and systematic way, and inasmuch as possible in connection with the common knowledge and beliefs of the mechanisms of heterogeneous HDS catalysis. Hopefully, this attempt to build some conceptual bridges between these two traditionally separated areas of chemistry has met with some success. 228 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In recent years, an impetuous development of new, unconventional theories, methods, techniques and technologies in computer and information sciences, systems analysis, decision-making and control, expert systems, data modelling, engineering, etc. , resulted in a considerable increase of interest in adequate mathematical description and analysis of objects, phenomena, and processes which are vague or imprecise by their very nature. Classical two-valued logic and the related notion of a set, together with its mathematical consequences, are then often inadequate or insufficient formal tools, and can even become useless for applications because of their (too) categorical character: 'true - false', 'belongs - does not belong', 'is - is not', 'black - white', '0 - 1', etc. This is why one replaces classical logic by various types of many-valued logics and, on the other hand, more general notions are introduced instead of or beside that of a set. Let us mention, for instance, fuzzy sets and derivative concepts, flou sets and twofold fuzzy sets, which have been created for different purposes as well as using distinct formal and informal motivations. A kind of numerical information concerning of 'how many' elements those objects are composed seems to be one of the simplest and more important types of information about them. To get it, one needs a suitable notion of cardinality and, moreover, a possibility to calculate with such cardinalities. Unfortunately, neither fuzzy sets nor the other nonclassical concepts have been equipped with a satisfactory (nonclassical) cardinality theory. 288 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Starting with Volume 30, 1965, Structure Reports is produced in a new format by photo-offset printing from typed manuscript with unjustified lines. At the time when the decision for this change was taken, the cost of setting the manuscript in type was becoming so high as to render the cost of individual subscription pro hibitive. At that time automatic typing methods giving justified lines, etc. for photo-offset reproduction did not offer any saving over type setting, but hand typing of the manuscripts could give a considerable saving in production costs. In the belief that a publication that is too expensive to buy is of little value, the format has been changed sacrificing elegance to availability. The new format does not lead to increased length of the volumes since the information content of the typed and typeset pages is practically identical. How ever, the amount of work to be reported demands the eventual separation of Structure Reports into two volumes, A. Metals and I norganic and B. Organic. It was convenient to introduce this changealso at Volume 30, and with Volume 31 further to restriet the publication of crystal data, so that from 1966 onwards the reports deal almost entirely with complete structure determinations only. In the past the aim of Structure Reports has been to present critical reports on a1l work of crystallographic structural interest, whether it is derived directly from X-ray, electron or neutron diffraction, or even indirectly from other experiments. 480 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume includes chapters originally presented at the 3rd FELASA Symposium, held in Amsterdam, June 1-5, 1987. Special topics were 'Immune Deficiency Syndromes in Man and Animals', 'DNA Technology and Laboratory Animal Science', 'Interactions of Behaviour, Housing and Welfare', and 'Laboratory Animals as Models in Biomedical Research'. In addition, there was a great number of presentations concerning other aspects of laboratory animal science. We would like to thank the following persons for organizing the Symposium. Mrs. M.A.G. Kuipers, M.Sc., President FELASA Mrs. V. Baumans, D.V.M., Ph.D., Secretary FELASA P. de Vrey, D.V.M., Treasurer Mrs. I. Zaalmink, Organizing and Scientific Secretariat. The editors would also like to express their gratitude to all the participants and authors for their contribution to this succesful symposium. A.C. Beynen, Ph.D., Secretary Scientific Committee H.A. Solleveld, Ph.D., Chairman Scientific Committee FELASA Federation of European Laboratory Animal Science Associations Gesellschaft fUr Versuchstierkunde/Society for Laboratory Animal Science Laboratory Animal Science Association Nederlandse Vereniging voor Proefdierkunde Scandinavian Federation for Laboratory Animal Science Societe Fran9aise d'Experimentation Animale VII CONTENTS Contributors . xiii OPENING ADDRESS: THE FUTURE OF LABORATORY ANIMAL USE R.J. Samsom . . 480 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume has its origin in the Fifth, Sixth and Seventh Workshops on and Bayesian Methods in Applied Statistics', held at 'Maximum-Entropy the University of Wyoming, August 5-8, 1985, and at Seattle University, August 5-8, 1986, and August 4-7, 1987. It was anticipated that the proceedings of these workshops would be combined, so most of the papers were not collected until after the seventh workshop. Because all of the papers in this volume are on foundations, it is believed that the con tents of this volume will be of lasting interest to the Bayesian community. The workshop was organized to bring together researchers from different fields to critically examine maximum-entropy and Bayesian methods in science and engineering as well as other disciplines. Some of the papers were chosen specifically to kindle interest in new areas that may offer new tools or insight to the reader or to stimulate work on pressing problems that appear to be ideally suited to the maximum-entropy or Bayesian method. A few papers presented at the workshops are not included in these proceedings, but a number of additional papers not presented at the workshop are included. In particular, we are delighted to make available Professor E. T. Jaynes' unpublished Stanford University Microwave Laboratory Report No. 421 'How Does the Brain Do Plausible Reasoning ' (dated August 1957). This is a beautiful, detailed tutorial on the Cox-Polya-Jaynes approach to Bayesian probability theory and the maximum-entropy principle. 332 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The present volume continues the aim of Structure Reports to present critical accounts of all crystallographic structure determinations. The increase in the number of crystal structure papers (now about 2000 per year in the Organic Section) has prompted a minor change in format, which increases the information density per page, hopefully without any loss of clarity. Details of the arrangement in the volumes, symbols used etc. are given in previous volumes (e.g. 41B or 42A, pages vi-viii). University of British Columbia 1. TROTIER Vancouver, Canada 15 July 1978 [VI] STRUCTURE REPORTS SECTION I METALS Edited by L. D. Calvert (National Research Council of Canada) with the assistance 0/ J.K.Byron F.L.Lee YuWang [1] 2 ARRANGEMENT As in previous volumes the arrangement in the Metals section is approximately, but not strictly, alphabetical, and to find particular substances the subject index or formula index should be used. 3 ALKALINE-EARTH ANTIMONIDES and BISMUTHIDES A B. A B (A = Ba. Sr; B = Bi. Sb) 2 5 3 B. EISENMANN and K. DELLER. 1975. Z. Naturf .- 30B. 66-72. A2B. Tetragonal. La2Sb type (1). I4/mmm. Z = 4. Mo radiation. photographic data. Atoms are placed A(l) in 4(c):-0.1/2.0; A(2) and B in 4(e): O.O.z. ASB3. Hexagonal. MnSSi3 type (2). P63/mcm. Z = 2. Mo radiation. diffractometer data. Atoms are placed A(l) in-4(d): 1/3.2/3.0; A(2) and B in 6(g): x.0.l/4. 400 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Volume 1: General Introduction to Molecular SciencesVolume 2: Physical Aspects of Molecular SystemsVolume 3: Electronic Structure and Chemical ReactivityVolume 4: Molecular Phenomena in Biological Sciences 384 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume is the proceedings of the IAU Symposium 'Star Clusters'. It includes the invited papers, brief accounts of the contributed papers, and the associated discussion. The topics discussed at the symposium included many aspects of recent research on open clusters and globular clusters. Because cluster studies touch on so many areas of stellar, galactic and extragalactic astronomy, this volume should be of interest to a wide astronomical readership. In setting up the scientific program for this symposium, the scientific organizers were mindful of a very successful NATO Advanced Study Institute at Cambridge (UK) in August, 1978, at which recent advances in globular cluster studies were thoroughly reviewed. So the emphasis at this symposium was on open clusters and problems common to open and globular clusters. One day only was scheduled exclusively for globular clusters, and the topics chosen for that day are ones in which rapid progress is being made. We would like to mention here two aspects of this symposium which contributed significantly to the useful and relaxed discussion following the scientific contributions. 544 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Beginning with a couple of essays dealing with the experimental and mathematical foundations of physics in the work of Henry Cavendish and Joseph Fourier, the volume goes on to consider the broad areas of investigation that constituted the central foci of the development of the physics discipline in the nineteenth century: electricity and magnetism, including especially the work of Michael Faraday, William Thomson, and James Clerk Maxwell; and thermodynamics and matter theory, including the theoretical work and legacy of Josiah Willard Gibbs, some experimental work relating to thermodynamics and kinetic theory of Heinrich Hertz, and the work of Felix Seyler-Hoppe on hemoglobin in the neighboring field of biophysics/biochemistry. Moving on to the beginning of the twentieth century, a set of three articles on Albert Einstein deal with his early career and various influences on his work. Finally, a set of historiographical issues important for the history of physics are discussed, and the chronological conclusion of the volume is an article on the Solvay Conference of 1933. For physicists interested in the history of their discipline, historians and philosophers of science, and graduate students in these and related disciplines. 412 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -More than a decade has passed since pulsars were discovered at Cambridge by J. Bell and A. Hewish. The past 13 years have seen ex tensive and at first rather hectic research, and a considerable amount of observational and theoretical knowledge has been accumulated. Looking back over one decade of pulsar research, it seems worth while to ask what the real impact of the detection was and if our view of the universe has changed as a result of this discovery. The excite ment of the first months and years has ebbed down considerably, with the result that pulsar research has become the task of a few scientists, working in small groups, scattered over many countries. As more and more knowledge was acquired, pulsars changed eventually from the bizarre pUlsing objects -- as they were considered in the beginning -- to more normal stars of astrophysical interest. Still, pulsars are the manifestation of matter in its most extreme form -- neutron star matter -- for which an equivalent can be found on earth only in the very nucleus of an atom. Neutron stars were predicted quite early in the history of modern astrophysics, and although many of their features were already known from theoretical studies, astro physicists were not sure if we had the slightest chance to actually 'see' these objects. It therefore took some time after the historical detection paper of Hewish and coworkers before astronomers became con vinced that pulsars were neutron stars. 492 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -No one disputes how important it is, in today's world, to prepare students to un derstand mathematics as well as to use and communicate mathematics in their future lives. That task is very difficult, however. Refocusing curricula on funda mental concepts, producing new teaching materials, and designing teaching units based on 'mathematicians' common sense' (or on logic) have not resulted in a better understanding of mathematics by more students. The failure of such efforts has raised questions suggesting that what was missing at the outset of these proposals, designs, and productions was a more profound knowledge of the phenomena of learning and teaching mathematics in socially established and culturally, politically, and economically justified institutions - namely, schools. Such knowledge cannot be built by mere juxtaposition of theories in disci plines such as psychology, sociology, and mathematics. Psychological theories focus on the individual learner. Theories of sociology of education look at the general laws of curriculum development, the specifics of pedagogic discourse as opposed to scientific discourse in general, the different possible pedagogic rela tions between the teacher and the taught, and other general problems in the inter face between education and society. Mathematics, aside from its theoretical contents, can be looked at from historical and epistemological points of view, clarifying the genetic development of its concepts, methods, and theories. This view can shed some light on the meaning of mathematical concepts and on the difficulties students have in teaching approaches that disregard the genetic development of these concepts. 260 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book is an elementary and practical introduction to probability theory. It differs from other introductory texts in two important respects. First, the per sonal (or subjective) view of probability is adopted throughout. Second, emphasis is placed on how values are assigned to probabilities in practice, i.e. the measurement of probabilities. The personal approach to probability is in many ways more natural than other current formulations, and can also provide a broader view of the subject. It thus has a unifying effect. It has also assumed great importance recently because of the growth of Bayesian Statistics. Personal probability is essential for modern Bayesian methods, and it can be difficult for students who have learnt a different view of probability to adapt to Bayesian thinking. This book has been produced in response to that difficulty, to present a thorough introduction to probability from scratch, and entirely in the personal framework. 308 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The research for this work was undertaken during my tenure of a Senior Tutor ship in the Faculty of Arts and Music at the University of Otago (1983-85). Versions of some of the chapters herein have already been accepted for publication in the form of journal articles in Philosophy, Philosophy East and West, Sophia, and Religious Studies. My thanks to the editors and publishers concerned for permission to reuse this material. A number of people have assisted me in various ways. My greatest debt is to Graham Oddie, who supervised my doctoral research in this area and with whom I have had the benefit of innumerable discussions on these and other philosophical matters. I am very grateful for all I have learned from him. I would also like to thank: Bob Durrant for commenting helpfully on Chapter 2; the late Jim Harvie, both for his valuable suggestions (particularly regarding the material of Chapter 4) and for his encouraging enthusiasm for the whole project; George Hughes for his extensive comments on the whole work; and (for various points of detail) Alan Musgrave, Charles Pigden and Bryan Wilson. Despite much good advice, however, I have some times preferred to go my own way, recalling Blake's proverb: 'If the fool would persist in his folly he would become wise. ' With regard to the typing of the manuscript I am indebted to the word-processor wizardry of Jane Tannahill and Christine Colbert. 216 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Hardly a decade ago, membrane receptors were an attractive but largely unproven concept. Since that time enormous progress has been made, and we are now able to consider receptors much more concretely. Their existence has been established, their binding properties have been determined, and in some cases, they have been highly purified and their physical-chemical properties studied. It is now even possible to visualize microscopically some receptors. This progress has resulted largely from the development of highly powerful methods. These methods are the subject of this volume. Although considerably diverse, different receptors share certain common pro perties, and common problems are encountered in their study. Consequently, a small number of techniques are particularly useful in studying different types of receptors. Thus, it makes sense to speak about membrane receptor methodology. A very apparent problem in the study of membrane receptors is their presence in exceedingly small quantities and in a highly impure state. Therefore, very sensitive and specific techniques are required for their detection, characterization and purification. Such sensitivity and specificity is provided by the ability of receptors to bind certain ligands with very high affmity, and it is not surprising that most of the methods described in this volume depend upon this high affinity binding. The antigen-antibody interaction is of comparable sensitivity and speci ficity. Recently, a number of anti-receptor antibodies have been produced or found to occur spontaneously in auto-immune diseases. Undoubtedly, more will be produced in the future. 256 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -WOUIRG PARTY I: AlIALYSIS or POLLUTAIITS Chairman: A. LIBERTI (CNR - Roma, I) Summary by the Chairman 3 Detection of gaseous nitric acid by OH (A~X) - fluorescence gen erated by ArF-laser irradiation Th. PAPENBROCK and F. STUHL 5 Preparation of standard atmospheres of nitrogen acid compounds: the N02 permeation tube I. ALLEGRINI, P. BUTTINI, V. DI PALO and M. POSSANZINI 15 Automated denuder systems J. SLANINA, A. M. VAN WENSVEEN, C. A. M. SCHOONEBEEK and P. I. VOORS 25 A battery-powered light-weight ozone analyzer for use in the troposphere and stratosphere S. SARAND, W. SPEUSER and U. SCHURATH 33 H202 in solid precipitation A. NEFTEL, A. SIGG and P. JACOB 45 Detection of nitrated and oxygenated polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAR) in suspended particulate matter sampled in urban areas and their relation with anthropogenic emission and photochemical smog formation A. CECINATO, E. BRANCALEONI, C. DI PALO, R. DRAISCI and P. CICCIOLI 58 Field intercomparison of sampling and analytical methods for S02 and S04 in ambient air K. NODOP and J. E. HANSSEN 69 Field measurements on the use of denuders for the evaluation of acid deposition Istituto sull'Inquinamento Atmosferico del C. N. R. , Mon- rotondo, Italy 79 -vii- Use of air - S02 mixtures for intercomparison of S02 monitors in the EEC M. PAYRI S SAT , H. RAU and G. SERRINI 103 Determination of polychlorinated dibenzo-P-dioxins and dibenzofurans in outdoor air P. KIRSCHMER and M. 828 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -On February 6, 1989, the Federal Home Loan Bank Board contacted Mid America Institute to inquire whether it would undertake an independent, academically oriented analysis of the insolvency resolution crisis in the thrift industry. The Senate Banking Committee, during the course of hearings on the thrift crisis, had suggested to the Bank Board tile desirability of an independent assessment of Bank: Board and FSLIC resolution methodology, specifically as it related to the controversy surrounding the December deals, the Southwest Plan, and the possibility that tax considerations were driving certain deals. The Bank Board had already initiated studies from industry-oriented perspectives. Therefore, it felt that an academic perspective would provide both a valuable addition to the process, and by the nature of academia, perhaps the best prospect of a credible and independent viewpoint. The Bank Board was prepared to give an appropriately structured Task Force virtually unlimited access to all personnel, documents and resources that the Task Force felt necessary to come to an uncompromising assessment. The only significant constraint imposed was that a report had to be available prior to the start of the next round of Senate Banking Committee hearings on March 1, 1989. The Task Force would be given complete discretion as to the scope and coverage of the report, but it was requested that the topic of the December deals, particularly the associated tax considerations, be a significant part of the report. 132 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -It was in 1967-68 that I wrote the book Economic relations between 'the two Europes' and the socialist international cooperation, published in 1970. Its main message may be summed up as follows: 1. Between economic development and underdevelopment exists a state which stabilizes under capitalist economic-and world economic-relations and con stitutes a particular peripheral zone around the developed cores of the world economy. It is a historic feat of the European socialist countries to have broken out of this peripheral situation and to move towards the complete liquidation of their historical backwardness. 2. The position of the group of European socialist countries in world economy, and within it, in Europe, is determined by the asymmetry which is at the same time the most characteristic feature of their domestic development: namely, that the 'traditional' extent and manner of their participation in the international division of labour no longer corresponds to their development requirements, their having become much more developed and exacting. At the same time, their full participation in the division of labour of the highly developed countries is still hindered-beyond the deliberate and spontaneous repressive efforts of the West-by the fact that their forces of production have not yet reached an advanced state. This is what makes East-West economic relationships even more con tradictory and constitutes a menace to every effort made in this direction. 3. 244 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Throughout the world, a sense of crisis has settled in like a nightmare that refuses to leave. We look towards the horizon with apprehension. Major changes are afoot. Older industrial regions, once rich and powerful, stand by helplessly as factories close down. Poor countries are sliding into bankruptcy, unable even to feed their populations. In a few scattered enclaves, called ex port platforms, new manufacturing plants spring up overnight: they employ predominantly young, unmarried women and ship their products to unknown destinations overseas. Small companies are eaten up by bigger ones which, in turn, are absorbed by still larger conglomerates. Some industrial sectors are wiped out altogether. Tensions between states are increasing. More and more countries are coming under military rule. Torture and terrorism are turned into tools of official state policy. Civil wars are fought in Central America, Northern Africa, and Southeast Asia. International conflict flares up be tween Britain and Argentina, Iraq and Iran, Ethiopia and Somalia. Economic growth has slowed to a crawl. Inflation undercuts the livelihood of the poor. The small producer is ruined. It appears that we are involved in a major restructuring of the capitalist world. The problems are profits, capital accumulation, and efficiency in pro duction. To make the indicators point up, whole regions are sacrificed, new technologies are put in place, and new locational patterns are created as the world is carved up into a new international division oflabor. 188 pp. Englisch.…