springer springer feb 1997 (209 risultati)

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Human and machine discovery are gradual problem-solving processes of searching large problem spaces for incompletely defined goal objects. Research on problem solving has usually focused on searching an `instance space' (empirical exploration) and a `hypothesis space' (generation of theories). In scientific discovery, searching must often extend to other spaces as well: spaces of possible problems, of new or improved scientific instruments, of new problem representations, of new concepts, and others. This book focuses especially on the processes for finding new problem representations and new concepts, which are relatively new domains for research on discovery. Scientific discovery has usually been studied as an activity of individual investigators, but these individuals are positioned in a larger social structure of science, being linked by the `blackboard' of open publication (as well as by direct collaboration). Even while an investigator is working alone, the process is strongly influenced by knowledge and skills stored in memory as a result of previous social interactions. In this sense, all research on discovery, including the investigations on individual processes discussed in this book, is social psychology, or even sociology.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The potential impact of global warming on water resources is of major national and international concern. This book draws together for the first time research work aimed at providing global and regional syntheses of the likely hydrological effects of climate change over the coming century. The chapters in this volume range from pioneering assessments at continental and sub-continental scale, to the development of new methodological approaches for down-scaling climatic predictions, analyses of recent trends in hydrometric data, and reviews of ongoing research on regional hydrological impacts. Although it is still early days for climatic impact prediction, the book demonstrates considerable unaniminity in its general conclusions. Audience: This book will be of major interest to water resource planners and researchers involved in assessing the impact of climate change. It also provides valuable material for lecture courses in hydrology, water resources and climatic impact.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Aldehyde Dehydrogenase. Crystal Structure of a Class 3 Aldehyde Dehydrogenase at 2.6angstrom Resolution; Z-J. Liu, et al. Conserved Residues in the Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Family: Locations in the Class 3 Tertiary Structure; J. Hempel, et al. Class 3 Aldehyde Dehydrognease: A View from the Hills; R. Lindahl, et al. Human Corneal and Lens Aldehyde Dehydrogenases: Purification and Properties of Human Lens ALDH1 and Differential Expression as Major Soluble Proteins in Human Lens (ALDH1) and Cornea (ALDH3); G. King, R. Holmes. Alcohol Dehydrogenase. Alcohol Dehydrogenase Variability: Evolutionary and Functional Conclusions from Characterization of Further Variants; H. Jörnvall, et al. Three-Dimensional Structures of Human Alcohol Dehydrogenase Isoenzymes Reveal the Molecular basis for Their Functional Diversity; T.D. Hurley, et al. Mammalian Class II Alcohol Dehydrogenase: A Highly Variable Enzyme; J.-O. Höög, S. Svensson. Activity of Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenases on Steroids; D.K. Wilson, et al. Aldo/Keto Reductases. Structural Studies of Aldo-Keto Reductase Inhibition; D.K. Wilson, et al. Aldehyde Reductase: Catalytic Mechanism and Substrate Recognition; O.A. Barski, et al. Study of Non-Covalent Enzyme-Inhibitor Complexes of Aldose Reductase by Electrospray Mass Spectrometry; N. Potier, et al. 55 Additional Articles. Index.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This volume contains a selection of papers presented at the second workshop on Evaluation and Planning held at Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Mediterraneennes (CIHEAM) in Valenzano (Bari) in November 1993. The workshop was financially and otherwise supported by the School of Engineering, Bari Polytechnic; the School of Agriculture, University of Bari; and CIHEAM. The publication of this book was made possible by to the efforts of the contributing authors. Several other persons have provided invaluable support for the workshop or the preparation of this volume. One of these is Patsy Healey for her fascinating challenge to Andreas Faludi's most recent arguments about rational planning theory. Another is John Friedmann whose lecture at the workshop presented world future scenarios depicting interaction between economic growth, social justice and ecological balance. Angela Barbanente provided marvelous support in organizing the workshop and editorial advice in the preparation of this volume. Jeremy Franks carefully improved the English and the clarity of all the papers. Carmelo Torre made a final editing of texts and images. We owe thanks to Maurizio Raeli for providing all the support services during the workshop and Claudia Baublys for her excellent help with various administrative issues with regard to the workshop and publication of this book. This book is dedicated to the memory of Professor Giovanni Grittani, Professor of Land Economics, University of Bari.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - ''' This book has been written as a guide to the management and use of formulated feeds in intensive fish and shrimp culture. While its focus is on the use of commercially pro duced feeds in intensive production systems, it is anticipated that many of the practical issues covered will be of equal interest to those fish farmers who make their own feeds and to those who use formulated feeds in less intensive systems. Feeds and feeding are the major variable operating costs in intensive aquaculture and the book is primarily in tended to aid decision making by fish farm managers in areas of feeding policy. The dramatic increases in aquaculture production seen over the past 15 years have been made possible, in large part, by gains in our understanding of the food and feed ing requirements of key fish and shrimp species. A global aquaculture feeds industry has developed and a wide range of specialist feeds is now sold. The new options in feeds and feeding systems, which are becoming available, necessitate continual review by farmers of their feeding policies, where choices must be made as to appropriate feed types and feeding methods. While growth rates and feed conversion values are the prime factors of interest to farmers, other important issues, such as product qualiry and environmental impacts of farm effluents, are also directly related to feed management practices.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - This book has been a long time in the making. The computerization activi ties described in these pages began in 1977 at the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), but we devoted most of our focus and efforts to building and then implementing the extensive hospital information system known as the Decentralized Hospital Computer System (DHCP) throughout VA. Deliv ering the product has been our primary goal. We spent relatively little time documenting or describing our experiences or lessons learned. Except for some presentations at national meetings and a relatively few publications, almost none of which were in the standard trade journals read by Chief Information Officers (CIOs) and equivalent top managers in the private and nonprofit sectors, VA's accomplishments remained a well-kept secret. In 1988, Helly Orthner encouraged VA staff to consider writing a book, but the press of day-to-day activities always seemed to take precedence, and the book languished on the back burner.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Conscious experience and thought content are customarily treated as distinct problems. This book argues that they are not. Part One develops a chastened empiricist theory of content, which cedes to experience a crucial role in rooting the contents of thoughts, but deploys an expanded conception of experience and of the ways in which contents may be rooted in experience. Part Two shows how, were the world as we experience it to be, our neurophysiology would be sufficient to constitute capacities for the range of intuitive thoughts recognized by Part One. Part Three argues that physics has shown that our experience is not veridical, and that this implies that no completely plausible account of how we have thoughts is comprehensible by humans. Yet this leaves thoughts not especially suspect, because such considerations also imply that all positive and contingent human conceptions of anything are false.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - As in many other sectors, in agribusiness major changes are taking place. On the demand side, consumers are changing lifestyles, eating and shopping habits, and increasingly are demanding more accommodation of these needs in the supermarket. With regard to the supply: the traditional distribution channel dominators - manufacturers of branded consumer products - are trying hard to defend their positions against retailers, who gather and use information about the consumer to streamline their enterprises and strengthen their ties with the consumer. The agricultural producers, meanwhile, face increased regulations with regard to food additives, pesticides, and herbicides. Pressures rise as their business becomes more specialized and capital-intensive than that of their predecessors. Finally, the larger political climate is not so favorable to agriculture, which now has to compete in the global market without significant government support. This title describes and interprets changes in the domain of agriculture and food. The contributors develop the theme of taking an interdisciplinary approach to coping with these changes, using concepts and methods developed in general marketing, which are adapted so as to apply to the particular characteristics of the food and agriculture sector. This book is published to honor the distinguished career of Professor Mathew T.G. Meulenberg from Wageningen Agricultural University, on the occasion of his retirement in September 1996. As a scientist, teacher, and advisor to the agribusiness and the government, Professor Meulenberg has made an important contribution to the development of marketing, inside and outside the domain of agriculture.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Reviews the state of research on the physiology of yeast stress responses and signal transduction pathways in yeast. Coverage includes adaptation to nutrient depletion in the yeast, stationary phase in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, the yeast shock response, the response of yeast to osmotic stress, crucial factors in salt stress tolerance, ox.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Today enterprises must strive to improve their competitiveness in a changing environment. To reach this objective it is necessary for companies to evaluate their performances and to combine modelling, business process re-engineering and benchmarking techniques. This book demonstrates the successful combination and implementation of these various techniques.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - Cluster was one of the two missions - the other being the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) - constituting the Solar Terrestrial Science Programme (STSP), the first `cornerstone' of ESA's Horizon 2000 Programme. After the catastrophic Ariane-5 accident on 4 June 1996 which destroyed the four Cluster spacecraft, the European Space Agency Science Programme Committee gave approval to refurbish the spare Cluster spacecraft and make it ready for flight. This new spacecraft, considered to be the first of a new fleet, is called Phoenix. In the meantime various options to repeat the Cluster four-point measurements are being studied. Since Phoenix, as the fifth Cluster spacecraft, will be equipped with the spare Cluster experiments, the instrumentation articles in this book are still appropriate to the new mission. Furthermore, the objectives of the recovery mission, the ground systems, the ground observation program and the theory and modelling efforts all remain unchanged. Thus this series of articles will continue to be essential to the Cluster community and to the general scientific community as the recovery mission is implemented.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In 49 out of 50 crimes in Britain the criminals go free. Many are young and become persistent criminals. Where do the answers lie Home environment Education Criminal intelligence Technology The law and judicial procedures Prison or its alternatives How can we protect civil liberties - for suspects, accused and victims 250 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Workshop on Cooperative Information Agents - DAI Meets Databases, CIA-97, held in Kiel, Germany, in February 1997.The book opens with 6 invited full papers by internationally leading researchers surveying the state of the art in the area. The 16 revised full research papers presented were carefully selected during a highly competitive round of reviewing. The papers are organized in topical sections on databases and agent technology, agents for database search and knowledge discovery, communication and cooperation among information agents, and agent-based access to heterogeneous information sources. 308 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Classically, higher logarithms appear as multivalued functions on the projective line. Today they can be interpreted as entries of the period matrix of a certain variation of Hodge structure, itself called the 'polylogarithm'. The aim of the book is to document the sheaf-theoretical foundations of the field of polylogarithms. Earlier, partly unpublished results and constructions of Beilinson, Deligne, and Levin on the classical and elliptic polylog are generalized to the context of Shimura varieties. The reader is expected to have a sound background in algebraic geometry. Large parts of the book are expository, and intended as a reference for the working mathematician. Where a self-contained exposition was not possible, the author gives references in order to make the material accessible for advanced graduate students. 356 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -ACRI'96 is the second conference on Cellular Automata for Research and Industry; the first one was held in Rende (Cosenza), on September 29-30, 1994. This second edition confirms the growing interest in Cellular Automata currently present both in the scientific community and within the industrial applications world. Cellular Automata-based computational models, besides capturing the attention of scientists working in different fields, open new perspectives of intersection between different and historically distant areas of scientific knowledge, from Physics to Biology, to Computer Science. ACRI'96 aims at providing a forum both for researchers working in the Cellular Automata field, and for those who foresee the possibility to verify on concrete domains of application the impact of their solutions, as well as for those who are looking for a possibility of reflection upon the specific concept of parallel and distributed computation provided by Cellular Automata. This book contains the works presented at the conference. The invited papers cover different aspects of Cellular Automata. T. Worsch gives a classification of Cellular Automata mapping on the existent computational frameworks for the simulation of their behavior. One of the most mature areas where Cellular Automata showed their value is Physics: B. Chopard illustrates recent results on wave modeling, and some possible applications. According to the general purpose of ACRI'96 of transfering research results to the industrial world, F. 208 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -After a year's successful operation, the European DENIS project is now a scientific reality and its close cousin 2MASS (USA) is about to come into operation. The observational and data reduction processes of both DENIS and 2MASS are fully described in this volume. Already the impact of DENIS is making itself felt in the astronomical community in areas of research as diverse as cosmology, the evolution of galaxies, the interstellar medium, the search for brown dwarfs, and stellar structure and evolution. The first routine results from DENIS and the preliminary results from the 2MASS prototype camera are discussed and compared with other surveys across the wavelength spectrum, both space- and ground-based, including the Digitized Sky Survey, ISO and ROSAT. 284 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book deals with various aspects of scientific numerical computing. No at tempt was made to be complete or encyclopedic. The successful solution of a numerical problem has many facets and consequently involves different fields of computer science. Computer numerics- as opposed to computer algebra- is thus based on applied mathematics, numerical analysis and numerical computation as well as on certain areas of computer science such as computer architecture and operating systems. Applied Mathemalies I I I Numerical Analysis Analysis, Algebra I I Numerical Computation Symbolic Computation I Operating Systems Computer Hardware Each chapter begins with sample situations taken from specific fields of appli cation. Abstract and general formulations of mathematical problems are then presented. Following this abstract level, a general discussion about principles and methods for the numerical solution of mathematical problems is presented. Relevant algorithms are developed and their efficiency and the accuracy of their results is assessed. It is then explained as to how they can be obtained in the form of numerical software. The reader is presented with various ways of applying the general methods and principles to particular classes of problems and approaches to extracting practically useful solutions with appropriately chosen numerical software are developed. Potential difficulties and obstacles are examined, and ways of avoiding them are discussed. The volume and diversity of all the available numerical software is tremendous. 496 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The communication complexity of two-party protocols is an only 15 years old complexity measure, but it is already considered to be one of the fundamen tal complexity measures of recent complexity theory. Similarly to Kolmogorov complexity in the theory of sequential computations, communication complex ity is used as a method for the study of the complexity of concrete computing problems in parallel information processing. Especially, it is applied to prove lower bounds that say what computer resources (time, hardware, memory size) are necessary to compute the given task. Besides the estimation of the compu tational difficulty of computing problems the proved lower bounds are useful for proving the optimality of algorithms that are already designed. In some cases the knowledge about the communication complexity of a given problem may be even helpful in searching for efficient algorithms to this problem. The study of communication complexity becomes a well-defined indepen dent area of complexity theory. In addition to a strong relation to several funda mental complexity measures (and so to several fundamental problems of com plexity theory) communication complexity has contributed to the study and to the understanding of the nature of determinism, nondeterminism, and random ness in algorithmics. There already exists a non-trivial mathematical machinery to handle the communication complexity of concrete computing problems, which gives a hope that the approach based on communication complexity will be in strumental in the study of several central open problems of recent complexity theory. 356 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book constitutes the carefully refereed post-proceedings of the 22nd International Workshop on Graph-Theoretic Concepts in Computer Science, WG '96, held in Cadenabbia, Italy, in June 1996.The 30 revised full papers presented in the volume were selected from a total of 65 submissions. This collection documents the state of the art in the area. Among the topics addressed are graph algorithms, graph rewriting, hypergraphs, graph drawing, networking, approximation and optimization, trees, graph computation, and others. 428 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Foundational research focuses on the theory, but theories are to be related also to other theories, experiments, facts in their domains, data, and to their uses in applications, whether of prediction, control, or explanation. A theory is to be identified through its class of models, but not so narrowly as to disallow these roles. The language of science is to be studied separately, with special reference to the relations listed above, and to the consequent need for resources other than for theoretical description. Peculiar to the foundational level are questions of completeness (specifically in the representation of measurement), and of interpretation (a topic beset with confusions of truth and evidence, and with inappropriate metalinguistic abstraction). 172 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Despite the significant progress, which has been made in developing of ceramic materials desired for engineering applications, their mass production is still not on expected level. Among the key factors hindering higher exploitation of these materials the problems in processing were identified. The processing comprises powder production, mixing techniques, forming, and sintering. All of them are equally important and all of them can introduce defects into the material. Besides improvement in processing, the properties of ceramic materials can be considerably improved by the creation of composites. Composites formed at micro or macro level are able to form more flaw-tolerant material. Considerable research activities, working on above mentioned phenomena are in progress at industrial laboratories as well as other research centres. This volume presents the contributions to the Advanced Research Workshop 'Engineering Ceramics '96' with 65 participants from 21 countries held on 12th - 15th May 1996 at Smolenice Castle, Slovakia, the conference site of Slovak Academy of Sciences. The book covers research activities on engineering ceramic materials and gives an overview with respect to recent developments. 444 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Joint Modular Languages Conference, JMLC'97, held in Linz, Austria, in March 1997.The 24 revised full papers presented were carefully selected from a total of 55 submissions; also included are full papers of two invited presentations. The book is devoted to languages, techniques, and tools for the development of modular, extensible, and type-safe software systems. Among the programming languages covered are Modula, Oberon, Ada95, Eiffel, Salher, Java, and others. The issues addressed include compiler technology, persistence, data structures, typing, distribution, active objects, real-time programming, inheritance, reflection, languages, etc. 396 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book is the second part of a modern, two-volume introduction to numerical computation, which strongly emphasizes software aspects. It can serve as a textbook for courses on numerical analysis, particularly for engineers. The book can also be used as a reference book and it includes an extensive bibliography. The author is a well-known specialist in numerical analysis who was involved in the creation of the software package QUADPACK. 516 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Bringing together material written over the past two decades, this book traces a history of political and intellectual debates around central issues of education, labour and the youth question. An argument is made for linking the cultural, structural and autobiographical dimensions of the youth question in order to engage educationally with the burden of representation which young people are made to carry via race, class and sexuality in the postmodern world. The book includes three major unpublished pieces and an introduction which discusses the nature of the collection, and sets it in both a personal and political context. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -There are many problems in partial differential equations with delay which arise from physical models with delay, biochemical models with delay and diffused population with delay. Some of them can be considered as nonlinear functional evolutions in appropriate infinite dimensional spaces. While other publications in the same field have treated linear functional evolutions and nonlinear functional evolutions in finite dimensional spaces, this book is one of the first to give a detailed account of the recent state of the theory of nonlinear functional evolutions associated with multi-valued operators in infinite dimensional real Banach spaces. The techniques developed for nonlinear evolutions in real Banach spaces are applied in this book. This book will benefit graduate students and researchers working in such diverse fields as mathematics, physics, biochemistry, and sociology who are interested in the development and application of nonlinear functional evolutions. This volume will also be useful as supplementary reading for biologists and engineers. 504 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This text records the Proceedings of the IUTAM Symposium held in Cambridge in 1995. It contains 35 articles by leading authorities and addresses the modelling of fracture from a variety of perspectives, ranging over mechanics, material science, physics, geophysics, and nonlinear dynamics. The most important single practical question that is addressed is that of scale. This is considered in relation to nonlinear material behaviour, micromechanics and statistical variations, and the interaction of these aspects. Certain parts of the subject have recently experienced significant advance, from one or other of the standpoints of physics, materials science or mechanics. This book is intended to contribute towards the wider dissemination of these advances and the development of a unified perspective. It will be useful to those active in research in fracture who wish to gain an overview of the subject, taking advantage of insights gained from the whole range of this expertise. 412 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The book deals quantitatively with the generation, dispersion, and deposition of pesticide droplets on vegetation and with off-target drift of undeposited droplets. A computer simulation model for calculating dispersion, deposition, and drift is described with comparisons between calculated results and field measurement results. The model includes the effects of aircraft vortex, atmospheric turbulence, droplet evaporation, and droplet deposition on foliage. Model output includes values of droplet deposit density and size on foliage and ground as well as droplet concentration and size in the drift cloud. In addition, a detailed description of droplet atomizer characterization methods is presented along with a large number of atomizer spectrum results for atomizers in current use. An analysis of a number of forestry spraying innovations is presented. This text is an essential tool in assessing the efficacy and environmental impact of proposed and actual forest spray operations. 232 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The Management of Lithiasis: The Rational Deployment of Technology addresses the latest developments in the treatment of urolithiasis and biliary stones. The emphasis of the book is on the selection of the cheapest and most effective treatment and is based upon the experience of editors and authors from both the Western countries as well as developing countries in Asia. With health care budgets becoming increasingly restricted, there is a growing interest in cost-controlled and effective treatment methods. This volume covers urinary tract calculi as well as biliary tract calculi, including epidemiology, etiology, choices in the management of calculi, efficacy and safety of treatment and the prevention of urolithiasis. 376 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Java is a new and exciting object-oriented programming language which is set to transform the world wide web. Java allows users to write applications which can be accessed across different platforms and provides an effective means of building small but powerful programs that enable a huge range of new applications - such as animation, live updating, two-way interactions etc. - to be quickly and easily implemented. As with all the 'Essential Series' books Essential Java Fast provides a highly readable and accessible introduction to the Java programming language allowing the reader to get up and running fast when developing their own programs. Software developers producing software for the Internet, those writing substantial commercial applications in a Windows environment, as well as individuals wanting to produce single versions of an application to run on any platform, should read this book from cover to cover. 200 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -After a year's successful operation, the European DENIS project is now a scientific reality and its close cousin 2MASS (USA) is about to come into operation. The observational and data reduction processes of both DENIS and 2MASS are fully described in this volume.Already the impact of DENIS is making itself felt in the astronomical community in areas of research as diverse as cosmology, the evolution of galaxies, the interstellar medium, the search for brown dwarfs, and stellar structure and evolution. The first routine results from DENIS and the preliminary results from the 2MASS prototype camera are discussed and compared with other surveys across the wavelength spectrum, both space- and ground-based, including the Digitized Sky Survey, ISO and ROSAT. 284 pp. Englisch.