springer springer jan 1974 (134 risultati)

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - I. Confirming Answers to Moral Questions.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Right and the Good According to Lewis.- 3. Evaluative Sentences Analyzed.- 4. Ambiguities in Moral Questions.- II. Toward an Approach to Ethical Justification.- 5. Lewis'Approach to Ethical Justification.- 6. Rationality as More Than Consistency.- 7. An Initial Look at Another Approach.- 8. What is Intrinsically Good and Why: The Outline of an Argument.- 9. Justification and Morality Enforcement.- III. The Fundamental Imperative of Rationality.- 10. Absolute, Objective, and Subjective Rationality.- 11. The Ideal Observer Standpoint.- 12. Rationality Where Probabilities Differ.- 13. The Rationale.- 14. Rationality, Prudential Goodness, and an Alleged Paradox.- IV. The Maximum Social Goodness Imperative.- 15. The Golden Rule.- 16. 'Social Goodness' Defined.- 17. What Counts as an Act.- 18. The General Use.- 19. The General Use as Morally Fundamental.- V. The Ideal Observer Moral Code.- 20. The Ideal Observer Criterion.- 21. The Need for Simplicity, Ease of Application, and Uniformity.- 22. Exceptions to the Rules.- 23. Borderline Cases.- 24. Conflicting Rules.- 25. A Comparison with Classical Utilitarianism.- 26. A Comparison with the 'Ideal Moral Code' Criterion.- VI. The Plausibility of Justification.- 27. A Foreword on Justice.- 28. The Ideal Observer Moral Code vs. a Discriminatory Moral Code.- 29. Final Formulation of the Approach to Justification.- 30. Conclusion.- Works Referred to.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - I. The Problem Stated: The Need for a Solution.- On the Need for Solutions to the Problem of Evil.- II. Evils: Past, Present and Future.- III. Ethical Presuppositions of the Problem of Evil.- The Theistic Theory.- Subjectivist, Non-Cognitivist Theories.- Other Attitude Theories.- The Privation Account of Evil.- Assessing the Privation Theory.- Evil as Unreal.- Conclusion.- IV. The Nature and Attributes of God.- God's Attributes as Literally Ascribed.- Non-Literal Accounts of God's Attributes.- God as a Person: His Personal Traits.- V. God as Finite and Imperfect: Worshipworthiness.- God as Finite in Power.- An Omnipotent God Who is Morally Imperfect.- A God Imperfect Both in Power and Goodness.- The Worshipworthiness of an Omnipotent, Omniscient, Good God.- VI. Must a World Created by an All-Perfect Being be Wholly free of Evil .- VII. The Best of all Possible Worlds.- VIII. The World as Good Over-All.- Section A. Solutions to the Problem Posed by Physical Evil.- Section B. Moral Evil.- Index of Proper Names.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. Neuware - The philosophical papers comprising this volume range from process metaphysics and theology, through the phenomenological study of intentionality, to the foundations of geometry and of the system of real numbers. New light, it is thought, is shed on all these topics, some of them being of the highest interest and under intensive investigation in contemporary philosophical discussion. Metaphysi cians, process theologians, semanticists, theorists of knowledge, phenomenologists, and philosophers of mathematics will thus find in this book, it is hoped, helpful materials and methods. The categoreal scheme of Whitehead's Process and Reality is discussed rather fully from a logical point of view in the first paper [I] in the light of the author's previous work on the logico-metaphysical theory of events. The clarification that results is thought to provide a new depth and precision to the problem of interpreting one of the most difficult books in the recent history of metaphysics and cosmol ogy. A detailed examination of some aspects of Hartshorne's recent Creative Synthesis and Philosophic Method is given in II. This book is perhaps the most significant work on process philosophy since Process and Reality itself, and its logical underpinnings thus merit a full critical discussion.

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Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Preliminaries.- Finitely determined germs.- Universal unfoldings.- Stable unfoldings.- The seven elementary catastrophes: A classification theorem. 180 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -A conjugate gradient approach to nonlinear elliptic boundary value problems in irregular regions.- Good approximation by splines with variable knots. II.- Conforming and nonconforming finite element methods for solving the plate problem.- Discretization and chained approximation.- Recent developments of the hopscotch idea.- The development of software for solving ordinary differential equations.- Boundary conditions for hyperbolic differential equations.- Nonlinear methods for stiff systems of ordinary differential equations.- Curved elements in the finite element method.- The design of difference schemes for studying physical instabilities.- Variable order variable step finite difference methods for nonlinear boundary value problems.- Cyclic finite-difference methods for ordinary differential equations.- The dimension of piecewise polynomial spaces, and one-sided approximation.- The comparative efficiency of certain finite element and finite difference methods for a hyperbolic problem.- Spline-galerkin methods for initial-value problems with constant coefficients.- On the accelerated SSOR method for solving elliptic boundary value problems.- Algebraic-geometry foundations for finite-element computation.- Spline-galerkin methods for initial-value problems with variable coefficients.- Constrained variational principles and penalty function methods in finite element analysis.- Finite element methods for parabolic equations. 236 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware 348 pp. Englisch, Deutsch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Extrapolation methods for the solution of initial value problems and their practical realization.- Changing stepsize in the integration of differential equations using modified divided differences.- The order of differential equation methods.- Equations of condition for high order Runge-Kutta-Nystr¿m formulae.- On the non-equivalence of maximum polynomial degree nordsieck-gear and classical methods.- Phase space analysis in numerical integration of ordinary differential equations.- Multi-off-grid methods in multi-step integration of ordinary differential equations.- Comparison of numerical integration techniques for orbital applications.- Numerical integration aspects of a nutrient utilization ecological problem.- Calculation of precision satellite orbits with nonsingular elements (VOP formulation).- Examples of transformations improving the numerical accuracy of the integration of differential equations.- Computation of solar perturbations with poisson series.- Numerical difficulties with the gravitational n-body problem.- On the numerical integration of the N-body problem for star clusters.- A variable order method for the numerical integration of the gravitational N-body problem.- The method of the doubly individual step for N-body computations.- Integration of the N body gravitational problem by separation of the force into a near and a far component.- Numerical experiments on the statistics of the gravitational field.- Integration errors and their effects on macroscopic properties of calculated N-body systems.- Use of Green's functions in the numerical solution of two-point boundary value problems.- Shooting-splitting method for sensitive two-point boundary value problems.- On the convergence and error of the bubnov-galerkin method.- Numerical integration of gravitational N-body systems with the use of explicit taylor series.- Multirevolution methods for orbit integration. 504 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Holomorphic functions and surjective limits.- Bounded symmetric homogeneous domains in infinite dimensional spaces.- Lindel¿f's principle in infinite dimensions.- Plurisubharmonic functions in topological vector spaces: Polar sets and problems of measure.- A glimpse at infinite dimensional holomorphy.- Holomorphic extensions and domains of holomorphy for general function algebras.- Weak analytic continuation from compact subsets of Cn.- Weak analytic functions and the closed graph theorem.- The holomorphic functional calculus and infinite dimensional holomorphy.- The spectrum as envelope of holomorphy of a domain over an arbitrary product of complex lines.- On bounded sets of holomorphic mappings.- Malgrange theorem for entire functions on nuclear spaces.- On some various notions of infinite dimensional holomorphy.- Approximation and homotopy properties for holomorphic extension in 2.- On the weierstrass problem in Banach spaces.- A counterexample in the Levi problem.- Approximation of holomorphic or plurisubharmonic functions in certain banach spaces.- Some recent results and open problems in infinite dimensional analytic geometry.- Biemann domains: Basic results and open problems. 224 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -First edition This grammar arose from the need for a concise presentation of the essentials of the Dutch language which could be used both for independent home study and in groups or classes under formal instruction. With the former aim in mind, the explanations have been made as self-explanatory as possible, and a complete key to the exercises has been provided in an appendix. In the interest of simplicity and ease of reference and review, each grammatical topic is discussed as fully as practicable in one place, and an effort has been made to include only one major grammatical feature in any one chapter. But since a solid foundation can more effectively be achieved through study under trained supervision or with a native speaker of the language, the presentation has also been made adapt able to this type of study. The brief fill-in exercises in each lesson provide a model for any amount of drill, and the dialogues and readings included at irregular intervals as well as the review selec tions placed after every few chapters can provide the necessary added practice in supervised instruction. Help should in any case be sought with the pronunciation, the principal stumbling-block in the way of either independent or supervised study. 220 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware 56 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware 212 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -As the world's population increases, where will it live Surely many will end up in cities for a recent United Nations' report anticipates that the globe's urban people will increase from 1. 33 billion in 1970 to 3. 09 billion in the year 2000. In the same period, however, the expectation is that rural population will increase from 2. 25 billion to 3. 02 billion. Of course the latter will be unevenly distributed; 91 per cent are likely to be in the less developed regions of the world while the rural folks of the more developed areas are expected to decline from 335 million to 255 million by 2000 A. D. No matter where, the major part of the increasing rural population probably will go to areas already thinly to densely settled. But not all. Even in parts of the more developed nations and for sure in many of the less developed countries one may expect significant numbers of people to move to what is now uninhabited land. Why Because this is the nature of people and of nations. Research on the subject discloses that new rural settling is not a limited action that is restricted are ally or in time. Rather it is a natural and continuing process that evidences variety in a nation's desires; these may be expressed directly or indirectly by national governments through sponsored action or simply by permissiveness. 116 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The essays and commentaries in this collection were presented at a Con ference on Problems of International Law in the Western Hemisphere, the Second Conference on Problems of Regional International Law under the joint sponsorship of the American Society of International Law and the Graduate Faculty of the New School for Social Research, April 2 & 3, 1971. Contributors have been given the opportunity to revise their papers since their original presentation. The editors acknowledge with gratitude the important contributions made by the Chairmen of the respective panels, namely, Professor Louis Henkin of Columbia Law School (Water Resources Panel), Professor Richard B. Lillich of the University of Virginia Law School (panel on Intervention) and Dr. Egon Schwelb of the United Nations (Human Rights Panel). The assistance of the Graduate Faculty of the New School for Social Research in the organization of the conference and that of the New York University Center for International Studies in the editing of these papers have been indispensable. We wish to make particular mention of the unstinting secretarial support of Ms. Donna Welensky and Ms. Judith Chazen. Certain problems would have been insuperable without the critical (in all senses) aid provided by Lyn Rodley. . The descriptions of contributors are those that obtained at the time of the conference. Since then, Professors Rovine and Rodley have moved to new pastures, the former to the Department of State's Office of the Legal Adviser, the latter to Amnesty International, while Dr. 220 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -1. 1. Why this essay It is customary for the author on return migration to complain about the lack of theoretical and empirical knowledge on his sub ject. Three recen t general handbooks on the sociology of migra tion Jackson (1969), Jansen (1970) and Albrecht (1972), pro duce together no more than 10 sources on return migration. The extensive migration bibliography by Mangalam (1968), although giving no less than 2051 titles, still comes up with no more than 10 sources. I t is true that not so many books and articles are de voted exclusively to return migration: Appleyard (1962a, 1962b), Cerase (1967,1970), Committee . . . (1967), Davison, B. (1968), Dietzel (1971), Elizur (J 973), Feindt & Browning (1972), Form & Rivera (1958), Frohlich & Schade (1966), Hemandez-Alvarez (1967,1968), Kraak (1957a, 1957b, 1958), Kayser (1972), Myers & Masnick (1968), Migration News (1969), Mc Donald (1963), O. E. C. D. (1967a, 1967b), Patterson, H. O. (1968), Richmond (1967a, 1967b, 1968), Richardson (1968), Saloutos (1956), Stark (1967b), Vanderkamp (1972), Vagts (1960) and Wilder-Okladek (1969). But this does not imply that no further research has been done and that therefore every new student of return migration had to begin from scratch. In numerous studies on emigration, migrant labour, immigration, integration and assimilation, room has been made for a chapter or a paragraph on 'those who re turned' or 'the migrant's return'. I've found the demographical periodical Population Index relatively useful in tracing the subject. 1. 2. 76 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The 'Solus' Agreement in English Law and in the Law of the European Communities.- The Development of European Economic Community Antitrust Jurisdiction over Alien Undertakings.- EEC Competition Law after the Brasserie de Haecht II and SABAM Cases.- The Law as It Stands against Treaty Violations by States. 152 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -A review of the publications, dealing with the morphology of the cartilages of the tracheo-bronchial tree, shows how scarce they are and how fragmentary the contributions based on research. Isolated parts only of the bronchial tree have been investigated, mostly in single specimens or small series. Anatomical textbooks merely state that the trachea and main bronchi are supported by rings and the more distal branches by irregular, circumferentially placed plates which become smaller towards the periphery, until they disappear in the bronchioli. It is at once obvious that this old-time view is not only superficial, but it leaves one completely ignorant about the site where rings cease and plates begin. No information is available about the arrangement of cartilages around the bifurcations of the main bronchi and contradictory descriptions are given about the cartilaginous architecture of the lobar bronchi. A more searching study reveals that cartilages are hardly mentioned in the huge amount of literature on bronchial anatomy which has accumulated since 1880. It is therefore not exagerated to say that the study of this subject has been grossly neglected. 84 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In preparing the fifth edition of Plant Viruses the general plan of the book has been retained since this seems to offer adequate scope for a book of this size. However, each section has been brought up-to-date with any new information which has become available since the publication of the previous edition. Chapter 15 has been added giving a short account of two new fields of virus study, the viruses affecting fungi and algae. Some of the plates have been replaced by more modern illustrations. Reference to the aster yellows group of diseases has been eliminated because these diseases are now known to be caused by infection with Mycoplasma and not with viruses. Grateful acknowledgement is due to Dr Aaron Klug, F.R.S. and his colleagues for permission to use their recent work on the assembly of viruses. Acknowledgement is also due to several friends who have supplied prints of illustration from their pub lished work; credit has been given to authors in the illustration legends. Cambridge K.M.S. 236 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -I am Czech. In 1948 I graduated from ancient Charles' University at Prague. In 1970 I came to Canada, the country of my choice, from New Zealand where I had taught two years at the University of Canter bury in Christchurch. This work was begun after I left Europe. It is intended as contribution to contemporary sociological and social psy chological theory, or theories. For a very long time in my native country I was intellectually a Jack of-all-trades. Before coming to sociology I spent two decades of study and research in the fields of philosophy, history and imaginative literature. Looking back I view this not as wasted time, but as an extraordinary introduction to the study of society, of man in society and of society in man. There are many links between these areas of scientific inquiry which I would not have been able to make had I not had this multi disciplinary experience. In each of my lives, past and present, I have been for a number of reasons marginal to my fellow men, marginal in several respects. In my native land I refused to conform to the line of the ruling political party. I became a 'non-person' in all that implies in a totalitarian regime. 216 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In recent years a new field of study has arisen called developmental biology. The term developmental biology is really a new name for embryology; it is, however, used to denote the molecular approach to the study of developing systems. In this book we have tried wherever possible to blend the older information of classical embryology and in particular organogeny with the newer concepts of developmental biology. The original intention was to cover all the tissues of the body in this book. However, it soon became obvious that it was not possible to do this within one volume. Therefore we decided to have two general chapters, one on the basic concepts of cellular development and an other on the ageing of cells (this being considered part of the normal growth process). In addition to these two general chapters we have included chapters on some of the major tissues. These were chosen not just to illustrate the points made in the general chapters but because there is enough information available on the development of these tissues for the expert in that field to present a good, readable account. It is hoped that at a later date when more information is available, we will be able to extend this work, probably as several volumes, and to include the other tissues of the body which are not dealt with in this volume. 416 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware 84 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Superficial acquaintance with the literature on punishment leaves a fairly definite impression. There are two approaches to punishment - retributive and utilitarian - and while some attempts may be made to reconcile them, it is the former rather than the latter which requires the reconciliation. Taken by itself the retributive approach is primitive and unenlightened, falling short of the rational civilized humanitarian values which we have now acquired. Certainly this is the dominant impression left by 'popular' discussions of the SUbject. And retributive vs. utilitarian seems to be the mould in which most philosophical dis cussions are cast. The issues are far more complex than this. Punishment may be con sidered in a great variety of contexts - legal, educational, parental, theological, informal, etc. - and in each of these contexts several im portant moral questions arise. Approaches which see only a simple choice between retributivism and utilitarianism tend to obscure this variety and plurality. But even more seriously, the distinction between retributivism and utilitarianism is far from clear. That it reflects the traditional distinction between deontological and teleological ap proaches to ethics serves to transfer rather than to resolve the un clarity. Usually it is said that retributive approaches seek to justify acts by reference to features which are intrinsic to them, whereas utilitarian approaches appeal to the consequences of such acts. This, however, makes assumptions about the individuation of acts which are difficult to justify. 172 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book is an attempt to present the chief events in the last campaign of Sir John Moore. Enough of Sir John Moore's life, and of life in England, France, and Spain to explain those events has been included. In several instances, perhaps important instances, accounts of events as given here differ from what may be found elsewhere. In such cases the documents upon which the present narrative is based have been indicated. The list of those to whom I am indebted is a long one. The staff of the Public Record Office have been unfailingly helpful, pleasant, and ef ficient on the many occasions when I have used the Record Office. The Librarian and staff of the National Library of Scotland were most help ful when the writer consulted the papers of Sir George Murray and the manuscripts of Thomas Graham, Lord Lynedoch, in that Library. An especially enjoyable occasion was the time spent in the Scottish United Services Museum working with the Sir David Baird papers. I am much indebted to The Honourable the Marquess of Anglesey for permission to consult the Paget papers in the Library at Plas-Newydd. The Libra rian and the Keeper of Manuscripts of the John Rylands Library have been most kind and generous in making available the papers of Sir Henry Clinton. As always, Mr. 304 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware 316 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Public opinion had roots in the nineteenth century with the develop ment of industrialization. What is this public It is the mass of individuals who comprise a society or a nation; this mass in turn is divided into many groups, which have their own interests, prejudices, and beliefs. A govern ment, whether democratic or not, is well aware of the power of public opinion and is anxious to measure and shape it. All three branches of government may direct and educate public thinking, using the instru ments of propaganda. Propaganda is any idea and action designed to influence the views and actions of others. Today's means of propaganda are books, newspapers, radio, movies, television, public schools, and lastly the rostrum. Molders of opinion believe that words, sounds, and pictures accomplish little unless they are carefully organized and inte grated into a well-conceived plan. Once this is accomplished, the ideas 1 conveyed by the words will become part of the people themselves. Special techniques, such as the employment of fear and the play on prejudices, have been used quite succesfully by modern states to impose their own dogmas and policies. Because the social scientist has been aware of the study of public opinion, he may have concluded that it was a modern innovation; but governments have always been concerned with public opinion, though not always understanding it, and have attempted to influence it. 244 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware 288 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware 976 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware 376 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condizione: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Contrary to popular belief, professional philosophers want and need to be heard. Lacking a large and general public in this country, they turn to audiences of peers and rivals. But these audiences are found either in giant, unfocused professional bodies, or in restrictive groups of specialists. In this respect, the Society for Phenomenology and Existential Philosophy can claim a unique role among academic organizations in this country. Now in its tenth year, it has become one of the most important forums in America for the open exchange of ideas. The Society has grown considerably since its founding, and its annual meetings attract scholars in philosophy and other disciplines from across the country and abroad. But these meetings differ markedly from others: too large to be dominated by any single clique or doctrine, they are at the same time small enough to encourage lively discussion within its organized sessions and not just in the corridors outside. The Society derives its focus from the two closely allied philosophical 'directions' indicated in its title. Yet from the beginning it has included in its meetings a sizeable number of contributors who are not identified with or even sympathetic to these directions, but are at least willing to engage in a dialogue with those who are. Furthermore, the Society has accomplished to a limited degree something rare indeed in American intellectual life: an interdisciplinary ex- 2 INTRODUCTION change. 456 pp. Englisch.